Ag2O (Silver Oxide) is an important p-type (in chasm to most oxides which were n-type), with a high conductivity semiconductor. From the optical absorbance data, the energy gap value of the Ag2O thin films was 1.93 eV, where this value substantially depends on the production method, vacuum evaporation of silver, and optical properties of Ag2O thin films are also affected by the precipitation conditions. The n-type and p-type silicon substrates were used with porous silicon wafers to precipitate ±125 nm, as thick Ag2O thin film by thermal evaporation techniques in vacuum and via rapid thermal oxidation of 400oC and oxidation time 95 s, then characterized by measurement of XRD, optical properties and scanning electron microscopy properties (SEM). Maximum value of photo response obtained from p-Ag2O/p-PS/Si photodetector results revealed two peak sat 600 nm and 800 nm. According to the x-ray diffraction four peaks appear, (111), (200), (110) and (311) Ag, respectively, (polycrystalline film) and lattice constant of (4.077 Å). Also the results showed a sharp increasing in the absorption-wave length plot of Ag2O film at UV and IR regions. The accumulation of the stars-like are semi-regular of the Ag2O nanocrystals on the surface of p-type PS and the other diffuse inside the pores in a nearly uniform distribution with a different grain size on the surface. The results of the dislocation density and strain are decreased with the grain size increasing.
DBN Rashid, Asian Quarterly: An International Journal of Contemporary Issue, 2018
Increased downscaling of CMOS circuits with respect to feature size and threshold voltage has a result of dramatically increasing in leakage current. So, leakage power reduction is an important design issue for active and standby modes as long as the technology scaling increased. In this paper, a simultaneous active and standby energy optimization methodology is proposed for 22 nm sub-threshold CMOS circuits. In the first phase, we investigate the dual threshold voltage design for active energy per cycle minimization. A slack based genetic algorithm is proposed to find the optimal reverse body bias assignment to set of noncritical paths gates to ensure low active energy per cycle with the maximum allowable frequency at the optimal supply vo
... Show MoreDue to the importance of nanotechnology because of its features and applications in various fields, it has become the focus of attention of the world and researchers. In this study, the concept of nanotechnology and nanomaterials was identified, the most important methods of preparing them, as well as the preparation techniques and the most important devices used in their characterization.
This study Ajert to modify the chemical composition of milk fat cows and make it similar to the installation of milk fat mother through the addition of protein and soybean oil to be given Alkhltatnsp sensory protein that the best plan is the ratio of 1:1
The physical substance at high energy level with specific circumstances; tend to behave harsh and complicated, meanwhile, sustaining equilibrium or non-equilibrium thermodynamic of the system. Measurement of the temperature by ordinary techniques in these cases is not applicable at all. Likewise, there is a need to apply mathematical models in numerous critical applications to measure the temperature accurately at an atomic level of the matter. Those mathematical models follow statistical rules with different distribution approaches of quantities energy of the system. However, these approaches have functional effects at microscopic and macroscopic levels of that system. Therefore, this research study represents an innovative of a wi
... Show MoreThe study included the collection of 75 bronchial wash samples from patients suspected to have lung cancer. These samples were subjected to a diagnostic cytological study to detect the dominant type of lung cancer. It was noticed that 33 patients proved to have a lung cancer out of 75 (44%) of these, 19 cases (57.6%)were diagnosed having Squamus cell carcinoma,7cases (21.21%) showed Adenocarcinoma ,6 cases (18.18%) were having small cell carcinoma while only one case (3.03%)was large cell carcinoma .Nearly 70% of cases were correlated with smokers .Bacteria were isolated from 53 patients in which 33 isolates were associated with the cancer cases while 20 of them from non infected patients. By using different morphological ,biochemical test
... Show MoreObiovisly that the holy thresholds are directly related to Islam and Muslims and related to the general culture of the Islamic peoples. In terms of architecture, it is considered a distinctive architectural scene that reviews the history of this origin and its architectural styles. Recently, with the increase in the number of pilgrims and visitors to the holy shrines, there is a need to develop and expand the buildings and provide them with services and introduce modern technology. The building of the holy thresholds consists of a number of functional design indicators: The general problem of research is that there is no clear theoretical framework for the design indicators for the development of the holy shrines according to the functio
... Show MorePeople with diabetes can develop different foot problems. In the blood stream glucose reacts with hemoglobin to make a glycosylated hemoglobin molecule called hemoglobin A1c or HbA1c, the more glucose in the blood the more hemoglobin A1c will be present in the blood. The HbAlc test is currently one of the best ways to check diabetes to be under control. The aim of study is to compare between the blood investigations which includes the fasting blood sugar and HbAlC (glycosylated hemoglobin), and to evaluate the benefit of HbAlc (measurement for diabetic patients with foot ulcer, to be a good indicator for controlling blood glucose). Sixty patients with type2 diabetes mellitus from the outpatient clinic of Baghdad Teachin
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