The current study was designed to investigate the alterations in the ultrastructure of orgenelles and cellular activity of exocrine pancreatic acini of experimentally induced-diabetic rats and to assess the usefulness of herbal combination supplementation in improving the ultrastructure and cellular activity of exocrine pancreas. The number of albino male rats used were 24 which divided into equally 4 groups; group I: control group, group II: alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus (single intraperitoneal dose of alloxan 120 mg/kg for 3 days), group III: herbal combination treatment composed from the extracts of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum), black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds, rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinale), leaves of olive (Olea europeae), and seeds of ash (Fraxinus ssp). Each rat given 2.5 ml (0.5 ml from each five mixed plant extracts used) for 2 months. group IV: diabetes was induced as group II and treated with herbal combination as group III for 2 months. The processing for investigating by transmission electron microscopy were carried out for all pancreata taken from all groups. There was significant reduction (p<0.05) in mean of FBG levels in diabetic rats treated with herbal combination (group IV) as compared to diabetic control and could revert FBG to normal value compared to negative control The results of examination of semithin and ultrathin sections in diabetic rats revealed many degenerative changes in the exocrine pancreatic tissue in comparison to control group. These degenerative changes can be summarized as disturbances in the arrangement of pancreatic acinar cells and decreased secretory granules in addition to the vacuolation of cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei were observed in semithin sections. Moreover, degenerated nuclei, vacuolation of cytoplasm, fragmentation of rough endoplasm reticulum and degranulation of the most pancreatic acinar cells were noticed in ultrathin sections. In contrast, the acinar cells of group administrated with herbal combination only had normal ultrastructure, cellular activity, and nuclei, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum with abundant zymogen granules. Also, most of the acinar cells retrieved their normal ultrastructure and cellular activity in diabetic group treated with herbal combination and herbal combination could decrease most of the degenerative changes caused by alloxan-induced diabetes. In conclusion, the daily supplementation with this herbal combination to diabetic rat for 2 months could achieving promising effects due to its cytoprotective influence and showed the ability to decreased degenerative damage in the ultrastructure and cellular activity of exocrine pancreatic acini in type 2 diabetic rats.
Al-Yusifia river was assessed at three sampling stations with study period from Autumn 2010 to the end of Summer 2011. The present investigation was carried out on diversity of fungi and bacteria from Al-Yusifia river, Baghdad city. During the study, a total of 12 fungal genus and 6 bacterial genus were isolated during the year seasons. The dominant fungus at the three stations were Penicillium sp., then Rhizopus and Trichophyton megninii while the dominant bacteria was Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp.
The higher
... Show MoreObjective(s): To Evaluate Diabetes self –management among patients in Baghdad City and to compare
between these patients self-management relative to the type of the disease.
Methodology: A descriptive design was conducted in Baghdad city, started from November 16th 2017 to the
end of May 17 th 2018 in order to evaluate Diabetes self-management. Purposive (non-probability) sample,
which was consisted of (120) patients who were diagnosed with D.M. The sample is comprised of (60) patient
with diabetes type I and (60) patient with diabetes type II. It is consisted of (60) male and (60) female. A
questionnaire is constructed for the purpose of the study. It is composed of (42) items. Reliability and validity of
the ques
The linear segment with parabolic blend (LSPB) trajectory deviates from the specified waypoints. It is restricted to that the acceleration must be sufficiently high. In this work, it is proposed to engage modified LSPB trajectory with particle swarm optimization (PSO) so as to create through points on the trajectory. The assumption of normal LSPB method that parabolic part is centered in time around waypoints is replaced by proposed coefficients for calculating the time duration of the linear part. These coefficients are functions of velocities between through points. The velocities are obtained by PSO so as to force the LSPB trajectory passing exactly through the specified path points. Also, relations for velocity correction and exact v
... Show MoreTwo series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives at the sixth position of the 2,4-di-
The tagged research problem (the outputs of the written text in conceptual art) dealt with a comparative analytical study in the concept of conceptual art trends (land art - body art - art - language).
The study consisted of four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the theoretical framework, which was represented in presenting (the research problem), which raised the following question: What is the role of the written text in the transformations of the conceptual arts?
The first chapter included (the importance of research) and (research objectives) seeking to conduct comparative research in the written text within the trends of conceptual art as a moving phenomenon in art, and to reveal the variable written text in the
... Show MoreSecurity reflects a permanent and complex movement that complies with international and societal needs and developments in all its dimensions, interactions and levels. To constitute a universal demand for all States, communities and individuals. The question of security is one of the most important motivations and motivations that govern the behavior, and even the objectives of those societies and States. These groups or individuals have always sought to avoid fear and harm, and to provide stability, safety and security. In the light of this, security studies have been among the important fields of study in the field of international and strategic relations. The field witnessed many theoretical efforts, from the traditional perspective,
... Show MoreThe aim of the study was to find out the correlations and impact between the variable of ethical leadership behavior and university performance at Sumer University. Use the descriptive analytical method by adopting the questionnaire tool to collect data. The questionnaire was distributed electronically to 113 teachers at Sumer University and the response was from 105 teachers. The research results showed that there is a correlation and effect relationship between the search variables. In addition, the responding university does not have ethically defined standards in terms of performance of the work of the cadres working there. Finally, the research presented a set of recommendations aimed at tackling problems in the ethical lead
... Show MoreTerrorism is a serious problem for many societies today. This research aims to identify the impact of terrorism and displacement crisis on human security, which was a shock to the Iraqi society in terms of its impact on the psychological, social and economic conditions of the individual, family, and society. The variety of methods of carrying out the terrorist operations that resulted from the phenomenon of human displacement witnessed by Iraq since the middle of 2014. This phenomenon has its demographic, political and social dimensions.
In order to achieve the goal of this study and the importance of the subject, the social survey method was used by selecting a sample of 200 IDPs in a compou
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