In this work, a simulated study was carried out for designing a novel spiral rectangular patch of microstrip antenna that is used in ultra-wideband applications by using a high frequency structure simulator software (HFSS). A substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and height 2.10 mm (commercial substrate height available is about 0.8-1.575 mm) has been used for the design of the proposed antenna. The design basis for enhancing bandwidth in the frequency range 6.63 - 10.93 GHz is based on increasing the edge areas that positively affect the antenna's efficiency. This design makes the designed antenna cost less by reducing the area of the patch. It has been noticed that the bandwidth of the antenna under this study is increasing to 4.30 GHz or 61% compared with 3.6% for the standard rectangular microstrip antenna with the same dimensions of the proposed antenna. The antenna also maintains the voltage standing wave ratio of 1.09 at resonant frequency 7.07 GHz, return loss -27.07 dB, and the amount of impedance in real and imaginary parts 51.5Ω and 3.3Ω, respectively.
The aim of the research is to design educational software based on Web Quests and to measure its effectiveness in developing information search skills of students at the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences. The research is experimental in nature using pre-post measurement. The research sample consisted of (91) male and female students from the second grade in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, they were divided into two equal groups; the experimental group consisted of (47) students who adopted the educational software as a studying method, and the control group consisted of (44) students who follow the traditional method. The researchers prepared a list of skills for searching information and they
... Show MoreRMK Al-Zaid, AT Al-Musawi, SJ Mohammad
In this paper, for the first time we introduce a new four-parameter model called the Gumbel- Pareto distribution by using the T-X method. We obtain some of its mathematical properties. Some structural properties of the new distribution are studied. The method of maximum likelihood is used for estimating the model parameters. Numerical illustration and an application to a real data set are given to show the flexibility and potentiality of the new model.
Owing to their remarkable characteristics, refractory molybdenum nitride (MoN x )-based compounds have been deployed in a wide range of strategic industrial applications. This review reports the electronic and structural properties that render MoN x materials as potent catalytic surfaces for numerous chemical reactions and surveys the syntheses, procedures, and catalytic applications in pertinent industries such as the petroleum industry. In particular, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation are essential processes in the refinement of oil segments and their conversions into commodity fuels and platform chemicals. N-vacant sites over a catalyst’s surface are a significant driver of diverse chemical phenomena. Studies
... Show MoreThe new, standard molecular biologic system for duplicating DNA enzymatically devoid of employing a living organism, like E. coli or yeast, represents polymerases chain reaction (PCR). This technology allows an exponential intensification of a minor quantity of DNA molecule several times. Analysis can be straightforward with more DNA available. A thermal heat cycler performs a polymerization chain reaction that involves repeated cycles of heating and cooling the reactant tubes at the desired temperature for each reaction step. A heated deck is positioned on the upper reaction tube to avoid evaporating the reaction mixture (normally volumes range from 15 to 100 l per tube), or an oil layer can be placed on a reaction mixture su
... Show MoreThis research including, CO3O4 was prepared by the chemical spry pyrolysis, deposited film acceptable to assess film properties and applications as photodetector devise, studying the optical and optoelectronics properties of Cobalt Oxide and effect of different doping ratios with Br (2, 5, 8)%. the optical energy gap for direct transition were evaluated and it decreases as the percentage Br increase, Hall measurements showed that all the films are p-type, the current–voltage characteristic of Br:CO3O4 /Si Heterojunction show change forward current at dark varies with applied voltage, high spectral response, specific detectivity and quantum efficiency of CO3O4 /Si detector with 8% of Br ,was deliberate, extreme value with 673nm.
... Show MoreOwing to their remarkable characteristics, refractory molybdenum nitride (MoNx)-based compounds have been deployed in a wide range of strategic industrial applications. This review reports the electronic and structural properties that render MoNx materials as potent catalytic surfaces for numerous chemical reactions and surveys the syntheses, procedures, and catalytic applications in pertinent industries such as the petroleum industry. In particular, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation are essential processes in the refinement of oil segments and their conversions into commodity fuels and platform chemicals. N-vacant sites over a catalyst’s surface are a significant driver of diverse chemical phenomena. Studies on
... Show MoreNanostructural cupric oxide (CuO) films were prepared on Si and glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) using laser Nd:YAG, using different laser pulses energies from 200 to 600 mJ. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the films showed a polycrystalline structure with a monoclinic symmetry and preferred orientation toward (111) plane with nano structure. The crystallite size was increasing with increasing of laser pulse energy. Optical properties was characterized by using UV–vis spectrometer in the wave lengthrange (200-1100) nm at room temperature. The results showed that the transmission spectrum decreases with the laser pulses energy increase. Sensitivity of NO2 gas at different operating temperatures, (50°C,
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