Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of endemic diseases in Iraq. It is considered as widely health problem and is an uncontrolled disease. The aim of the study is to identify of Leishmania species that cause skin lesions among patients in Thi-Qar Province, South of Iraq, also to detect some virulence factors of L. tropica. This study includes three local locations, Al-Hussein Teaching, Suq Al-Shyokh General and Al-Shatrah General Hospitals in Province for the period from the beginning of December 2018 to the end of September 2019. The samples were collected from 80 patients suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis, both genders, different ages, various residence places and single and multiple lesions. Nested-PCR technique was used to amplify kinetoplast minicircle fragments DNA (kDNA). Conventional-PCR was performed for determination of some virulence factors (LPG1, GP63, CPA and PPG1 genes). The electrophoresis findings of kDNA gene showed two species of the parasite found in the study area, 65 samples were positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis, L. tropica at 750bp and L. major at 560bp. Generally, L. tropica (57.5%) was the most common specie and L. major (23.75%) appeared in a low level. There are no significant differences between the infections of males and females, while there are significant differences at the comparison between age groups. All virulence genes (LPG1, GP63, CPA and PPG1) appeared in all L. tropica isolates with high percentage (100%). L. tropica is the major specie which that caused CL in Thi-Qar province, while L. major appeared in low incidence. The virulence genes, which were reviewed, are necessary and important in pathogenesis of L. tropica.
The aim of this research is to study the surface alteration characteristics and surface morphology of the superhydrophobic/hydrophobic nanocomposite coatings prepared by an electrospinning method to coat various materials such as glass and metal. This is considered as a low cost method of fabrication for polymer solutions of Polystyrene (PS), Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Silicone Rubber (RTV). Si were prepared in various wt% of composition for each solutions. Contact angle measurement, surface tension, viscosity, roughness tests were calculated for all specimens. SEM showed the morphology of the surfaces after coated. PS and PMMA showed superhydrophobic properties for metal substrate, while Si showed hydroph
... Show MoreThe current problem is summarized in what is called the development failing experience
in comprehencing the studying materials , so the students will feel worry of repeating failure
in he future , so he would seek blind keeping on heart for the studying material bond this isbad due to the forgetting in the future , one side of thesis research problem is that there is
many contradictory researches result in relation to the learning styles which impose the
nessicity to find results lessen this contradiction . the importance of the research is
summarized in the importance of the subject under the study , in that the researcher ( as in
her knowledge ) did not find a thesrs tackling the subject of the distinguished students
Newly prepared derivatives of Heterocyclic of dicarboxylic acid include 1, 2, 4-Triazoledicarboxylic acid. Thiocarbohydrazine (TCH) reacts with aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, and when these resulting compounds interact with compounds containing a group of carbonyl they result in Schiff base, which are very important in the industrial and medical fields and the acids used (oxalic acid, succinic, terephthalic) to prepare the triazole, then the reaction with Para-chlorobenzendihaide. and some physical properties were measured for these products. The biological activity of the prepared compounds has been studied, and it has been shown that they have different effects on the bacteria, compounds prepared with Fourier Transform Infrare
... Show MoreVisceral leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease on the rise in different regions of Iraq, especially in areas with poor hygiene and among refugee populations. The effectiveness of existing chemotherapy for leishmaniasis is constrained by its high toxicity, cost, and the development of drug resistance. The current research examined various concentrations (ranging from 125 to 1000 μM) of lupeol to evaluate its ability to boost the generation of nitric oxide, which has anti-leishmanial properties, in an ex-vivo macrophage model. Griess assay was used to detect the nitric oxide (NO) production in Leishmania donovani infected U937 cell-line macrophages along 24 and 48 hours post treated. The nitric oxide concentration was signifi
... Show MoreObjectives: To determine the level of knowledge regarding drugs addiction among paramedical staff; and to
identify the association between the level of knowledge and their socio-demographic variable.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was Conducted in Baghdad on Staff for the period from 1st June,
2016 to30th September, 2016 . The sample included 510 Health professionals . There are 9 sectors in center
of Baghdad , 5 of them in Al- Kurkh side of the city and 4 in Al-Russafa side. The sample was selected from
49 primary health care centers and 8 public hospitals through a multi-stage sample using a simple random
sampling technique. The information was collected through the design of a questionnaire whose stability and<
Municipal solid waste is one of the most important environmental problems in the world and is an important source of environmental pollution and contributes significantly to the pollution of the basic environmental elements of soil, water and air. The management of municipal waste in general is a process of monitoring, collection, treatment or recycling if possible or disposal of waste. This term is used for waste produced by some human activities. States provide this process to mitigate the negative effects of waste on the environment, health and appearance of the city. It is possible to find solutions to the problem of solid waste and make it an important source of income and contribute to securing employment oppor
... Show MoreThe objectives of this research are to determine and find out the reality of crops structure of greenhouses in association of Al-Watan in order to stand on the optimal use of economic resources available for the purpose of reaching a crop structure optimization of the farm that achieves maximize profit and gross and net farm incomes , using the method of linear programming to choose the farm optimal plan with the highest net income , as well as identifying production plans farm efficient with (income - deviation) optimal (E-A) of the Association and derived, which takes into account the margin risk wich derived from each plan using the model( MOTAD), as a model of models of linear programming alternative programming m
... Show MoreAbstract
The Verbal Violence that is directed towards sons is considered one of
the dehavioural problems that have negative reflections on the personality
of the individual . the increase in the frequency and intensity of that
behavior in the daily life may lead to psychological and behavioural
disturbances, and such behaviourhas to be stooped in an early time before it
leave negative affects on the personality of the teenager which will not be
cured or removed easily .
The family that is represented by the parents has a prominent effect In the
shaping of the teenager's personality , hence forth the normal teenage is
a reflection of a stable family life , relatively empty of disturbances and
unbalanc