Abstract The study aimed at demonstrating the reality of sectarian coexistence in Iraq, which was characterized by the tolerance and coercion caused by the successive government policies to govern Iraq and to this day. The study was based on the hypothesis that coexistence between Islamic sects in Iraq can be achieved as long as there are strong bonds linking its components, and these bonds can produce coexistence between the sects based on peace. The study concluded that the hypothesis is correct, in addition to drawing a set of observations aimed at identifying weaknesses for advancing them through the adoption of mechanisms that address these weaknesses to yield towards a genuine peaceful coexistence among Islamic sects in Iraq.

Stable new derivative of L-ascorbic acid, 5,6-O-iso propylidene 2,3-O,O acetic acid-Lascorbic acid (L) was synthesized in good yield by the reaction of 5,6-O-isopropylidene-Lascorbic acid with chloroacetic acid in presence of potassium hydroxide. The new product (L) was characterized by 1H, 13C–NMR, mass spectrum and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The reaction of the ligand (L) with metal bivalent ion., M+2 = (Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Hg, Mg, Ca, Pb) synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, Molar conductance, Atomic absorption and the molar ratio (Ni+2, Cd+2) complexes. Spectroscopic evidence showed that the binding of the M(II) ions with (L) are through the (C–I=O) Lacton and O-2-CH2COO– as a bidentate manar re

The aims of study is to detect the inhibitory effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus acidophilus on Escherichia coli that has been isolated from recurrent urinary tract infection in women. The sensitivity of E.coli isolates to antibiotics had been studied and the most resistant E.coli isolate to antibiotics had been studied .The cup assay was used on nutrient agar and Muller-Hinton agar to detect the inhibitory activity for each S.boulardii yeast grown on YEGP media and L.acidophilus grown on MRS media in which the result showed a high inhibition activity for each of them .Also in this study the adhesion property of E.coli had been evaluated in the presence of S.boulardii at concentration of 1×109 and L.acidophilus at conc

 New chalcones of  -{ -  -   -   y  -     - hi di z  e- -y    he y  - -    e e- -  e-    -        - substituted phenyl have been prepared from condensation of  a new of  4-[5-(4`-tolyl)1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl] benzaldehyde (which is synthesized by the reaction of  2- amino-5- (4`-tolyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole and benzaldehyde) with 3- or 4- substituted acetophenones in alkaline medium. The physical, CHNS analysis and spectral data of the synthesized compounds were determined. The biological activity evaluated of new compounds showed that many of these compounds possess antiba

The neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have the potential to be inflammatory markers that reflect the activity of many inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the NLR and PLR as potential markers of disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

    This study was aimed to investigate the role of crud alcoholic extract of Lallemantia royleana seeds in reducing the hepatotoxicity and side effect of rifadin drug in liver.                      The animals (40 mice) were divided into four groups, the first group was treated with normal saline (0.9%) for 28 days as a control and the second group was treated with rifadin (1.5 mg/kg/day) for 28 days and third group was treated with acoholic extract of Lallemantia royleana seeds (1% w/v) for 28 days, while the forth group was treated with alcoholic extract of seeds alone for 5 days and with alcoholic extract and rifadin for 28 days, so the total period of this group is 33

The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of GKB in the rat model of granulomatous inflammation. Thirty rats were distributed into five groups:  The first group served as negative control group that received distilled water (DW) only without inducting inflammation, positive control group; treated with DW with the induction of inflammation and they were assigned to cotton pellet-induced granuloma, ginkgo biloba (GKB) treated group (200mg/kg/day), dexamethasone-treated group (1mg/kg), and Prednisolone treated group (5mg/kg). All the treatments were given orally for seven consecutive days.  On day eight, the rats were anesthetized and the pellets together with granulation tissue were carefully removed

A set newly complexes with the general formula [M(L)Cl2] are resulting from the reaction of a new schiff base ligand [Ethyl (6R,7R)-7-((E)-2-((2-ethoxy-2- oxoethoxy)imino)-2-(2-(((E)-4-nitrobenzylidene) amino) thiazol -4- yl) acetamido) -8- oxo -3- vinyl -5- thia -1-aza bicyclo [4. 2.0] oct -2- ene -2- carboxylate] (L). This ligand was derived from the reaction of the two substances 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and precursor (P). Reaction the ligand with metal ions M= Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) afforded new complexes which are characterized by FT-IR and Electronic Spectra. These measurements indicate that the complexes have a tetrahedral geometry. The Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 (PBP3) of Staphylococcus aureus and the target protein

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease. Inflammation leads to joint damage and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a measure of inflammation in many diseases. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of NLR to detect inflammation in RA, and its correlation to RA disease activity indices and some hematological parameters. A cross-sectional study involving 24 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are using MTX participated in this study. All patients were clinically evaluated using disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28) and simplified disease activity index (SDAI), whereas functional disability was assessed by health assessment questionnaire di