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bsj-3583
Molecular Analysis of Rifampicin Resistance Conferring Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to rifampicin is mainly mediated through mutations in the rpoB gene. The effects of rpoB mutations are relieved by secondary mutations in rpoA or rpoC genes. This study aims to identify mutations in rpoB, rpoA, and rpoC genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and clarify their contribution to rifampicin resistance. Seventy isolates were identified by acid-fast bacilli smear, Genexpert assay, and growth on Lowenstein Jensen medium. Drug susceptibility, testing was performed by the proportional method.  DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing were accomplished for the entire rpoA, rpoB, and rpoC genes. Twenty-three isolates (32.85%) showed resistance to rifampicin by either proportion method or Genexpert assay. Sequence analysis of the rpoB gene revealed fourteen different mutation patterns. Inside the rifampicin resistance determining region (RRDR), codons: S531L, D516V were highly mutated with frequencies of (21.73%, 17.39%) respectively. Outside the RRDR, there were nine different types of mutations, and M479L was the most prevalent one. Out of 23 RIF resistant isolates, seven isolates (30.43%) carried mutations in the rpoA gene, and twelve isolates (52.17%) harbored a mutation in rpoC. Most of the mutations were identified for the first time in this study. The current study demonstrated that mutations in rpoB, rpoA, and rpoC contributed to RIF resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and this new finding may be relevant to realize how compensatory mutations in the rpoA and rpoC genes restore the fitness cost caused by rifampin resistance-conferring mutations in rpoB.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Reflection of the application TD-ABC approach on profits persistence Applied study in the General State of Hydraulic Industries Factory of Plastic*
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The interest of many companies has become dealing with the tools and methods that reduce the costs as one of the most important factors of successful companies, and became the subject of the attention of many economic units because of the impact on the profits of company, and since the nineties of the last century the researchers and writers gave great attention to this subject, especially in light of the large competition and rapid developments in cost management techniques, as well as the wide and significant change in production methods that have been directed towards achieving customer satisfaction, all this and more driven by economic units in all sectors whether it is service or productivity to find methods that would reduc

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 26 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Role of Media Coverage of the Iraqi Satellite Channels in Shaping Public Attitudes towards Terrorism (a Field Study of a Sample of an Audience of the City of Baghdad)
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Violence is one of the most serious threats facing societies because it affects their internal structure and threatens the security and stability of society. It is classified as one of the types of security crises that are emerging in Arab and Islamic societies in particular, and in most countries of the world in general.

The threat of this crisis is increasing. Terrorism is considered as one of the most serious aspects of that all the countries of the world, currently, suffer from. The terrorism has begun to penetrate deep into society in one way or another starting from the Second World War, which led to the emergence of leftist movements in Western Europe, Japan, France, Italy and other countries as a result of emerging ideas

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 14 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Level of Availability of Written Expression Skills Mentioned in the Arabic Language Curriculum Document Middle School Students from the Teachers' Point of View
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Abstract

The aim of the current research is to identify the level of availability of written expression skills included in the Arabic language curriculum document among middle school students from the teachers' point of view. The researcher used the descriptive approach. To analyze the data and access the research results, he used the (SPSS) program. The research was conducted during the first semester of the academic year 1442/1443 AH on a random sample of Arabic language teachers in the Bisha Education Department. They reached about (213) male and female teachers. The results revealed a number of indicators: the level of availability of written expression skills among middle school students in Bisha governorate

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 15 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Health Care Quality through Clients’ Perspectives at Outpatient Consultancy Clinics in Al-Hilla City Hospitals
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Objectives: To assess quality of health care for clients at outpatient consultancy clinics in Al-Hilla City Hospitals, and to find out significant differences between the clients' perspectives toward quality of health care dimensions and their demographic characteristics such as (residence, age, gender, level of education, and occupation ).
Methodology: A descriptive analytic study design was carried out at outpatient consultancy clinics of Al- Hilla city hospital (Al-Hilla and Al-Imam Al-Sadiq general teaching hospital) from April 10 th to June 15 th 2019. Non – probability (purposive) sample of 200 clients who were coming to the Outpatient Consultancy Clinics were selected. Data is collected through used of an assessment tools an

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetic values of the decorations heterogeneities in Islamic architecture: وسام كامل عبد الامير، أشرف كامل عبد الامير
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Covariance technique represents a design to bring out the decorative components And organized in unfamiliar a manner Turn to custom patterned to make a qualitative difference in the pattern of the general composition of the implicit overall,question research problem emerges Based on the above, (Is the aesthetic values of the property heterogeneities in Islamic architecture configurations decorations?). Detect it through the knowledge of the species and decorative components containing heterogeneities And his methods within each of Iraq and Iran and theoretical framework try to monitor the opinions and threads aesthetic perception in the Islamic and Construction decorative art formations in Islamic architecture and features of heterogenei

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 28 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect of Using Combined Square Nozzle & winglet with Helical Tape on Thermal Characteristics in Tube Heat Exchanger
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Influence of combined square nozzle with helical tape inserted in a constant heat flux tube on heat transfer enhancement for turbulent airflow for Reynolds number ranging from 7000 to 14500 were investigated experimentally. Three different pitch ratios for square nozzle (PR = 5.8, 7.7 and 11.6) according to three different numbers of square nozzle (N = 3, 4 and 5) and constant pitch ratios for helical tape were used. The results observed that the Nusselt number and friction factor for combination with winglets were found to be up to 33.8 % and 21.4 %, respectively higher than nozzle alone for pitch ratio PR=5.8. The maximum value of thermal performance for using combination with winglets was about 1.351 for pitch ratio= 5.8. Nusselt numb

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of Applying Social Stories in Developing Social Interaction Skills among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Abstract

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of social stories in increasing social interaction among children with an autism spectrum disorder. The researcher used the single-subject design methodology (Single Subject Designs, SSD) with

 (A-B) design to answer the research questions. The study sample consisted of (3) children with autism spectrum disorder enrolled in a transit daycare center in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia. The results of the study showed that there is a positive functional relationship between social stories and play to increase social interaction among children with autism spectrum disorder, which contributed to the acquisition and generalization of this behav

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Publication Date
Sun May 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Rationalization of costs by using the tool of the quality function deployment: / applied research in the State Company for Textile and Leather Industries
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The research aims to apply one of the techniques of management accounting, which is the technique of the quality function deployment on the men's leather shoe product Model (79043) in the General Company for Textile and Leather Industries by determining the basic requirements of the customer and then designing the characteristics and specifications of the product according to the preferences of the customer in order to respond to the customer's voice in agreement With the characteristics and technical characteristics of the product, taking into account the products of the competing companies to achieve the maximum customer satisfaction, the highest quality and the lowest costs. Hence, the importance of research has emerged, which indicat

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Predict the Laser Power and Recovery Period in Treatment by Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA)
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            Eight patients (3 male and 5 female) were treated in this study by Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA); Mathematical models are proposed to estimate the applied laser power and to assess the recovery period. The estimations of the applied laser power and recovery period in these models will be depended mainly on the diameter of the incompetent vein.  In addition, Excel Program was utilized to find the proposed models.  A 1470 nm diode laser up to 15W continuous power (CW) was used in the treatment of venous ulcers by EVLA procedure. Following up by duplex ultrasound was started in the 1st week after the first session until the vein is completely closed. The present study concluded that the relationship both between

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluating Training Programs According to model Kirkpatrick / field research in the Health Maysan Directorate .
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This present paper aim at knowing  the process of evaluating the training program that could be applied  in Maysan Health office  for it significance and importance in field of management and vocational staff  preparations  of high  scientific experience in different fields of  Health.  The society of research includes staffs  working in Maysan Health Office  , of specialists ,  dentists, pharmacists, laboratories, nursing  and administrators. Their number is 100 employees, the researcher has designed questionnaire by depending on "Kirkpatrick"  for assessing  the training . The researcher has used   thorough survey and has entailed 90 questionnaire,

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