Data steganography is a technique used to hide data, secret message, within another data, cover carrier. It is considered as a part of information security. Audio steganography is a type of data steganography, where the secret message is hidden in audio carrier. This paper proposes an efficient audio steganography method that uses LSB technique. The proposed method enhances steganography performance by exploiting all carrier samples and balancing between hiding capacity and distortion ratio. It suggests an adaptive number of hiding bits for each audio sample depending on the secret message size, the cover carrier size, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Comparison results show that the proposed method outperforms state of the art methods

A pioneering idea for increasing the thermal performance of heat transfer fluids was to use ultrafine solid particles suspended in the base fluid. Nanofluids, synthesized by mixing solid nanometer sized particles at low concentrations with the base fluid, were used as a new heat transfer fluid and developed a remarkable effect on the thermophysical properties and heat transfer coefficient. For any nanofluid to be usable in heat transfer applications, the main concern is its long-term stability. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of using four different surfactants (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and gum Arabic (GA)), each with three different

Drilling deviated wells is a frequently used approach in the oil and gas industry to increase the productivity of wells in reservoirs with a small thickness. Drilling these wells has been a challenge due to the low rate of penetration (ROP) and severe wellbore instability issues. The objective of this research is to reach a better drilling performance by reducing drilling time and increasing wellbore stability.

In this work, the first step was to develop a model that predicts the ROP for deviated wells by applying Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). In the modeling, azimuth (AZI) and inclination (INC) of the wellbore trajectory, controllable drilling parameters, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), formation

In this work Nano crystalline (Cu2S) thin films pure and doped 3% Al with a thickness of 400±20 nm was precipitated by thermic steaming technicality on glass substrate beneath a vacuum of ~ 2 × 10− 6 mbar at R.T to survey the influence of doping and annealing after doping at 573 K for one hour on its structural, electrical and visual properties. Structural properties of these movies are attainment using X-ray variation (XRD) which showed Cu2S phase with polycrystalline in nature and forming hexagonal temple ,with the distinguish trend along the (220) grade, varying crystallites size from (42.1-62.06) nm after doping and annealing. AFM investigations of these films show that increase average grain size from 105.05 nm to 146.54 nm

Cadmium Oxide and Bi doped Cadmium Oxide thin films are prepared by using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique a glass substrate at a temperature of (400?C) with volumetric concentration (2,4)%. The thickness of all prepared films is about (400±20) nm. Transmittance and Absorbance spectra are recorded in the wave length ranged (400-800) nm. The nature of electronic transitions is determined, it is found out that these films have directly allowed transition with an optical energy gap of (2.37( eV for CdO and ) 2.59, 2.62) eV for (2% ,4%) Bi doped CdO respectively. The optical constants have been evaluated before and after doping.

Bee keping projects is one of the most important agricltural investment projects because it generate profit in a short period . In addition to the multiplicity of products and other benefits . Research aimed at study the feasibility of two projects one hand in the origin of the Al – Mashrok since 2006 , kicking off with ten hives , and the scond proposal , kicking of 100 hives using the criteria of the world bank . Results showed that the bee keeping projects is economically feasible, whether small or large .. Even when the analysis of the sensitivity of the project to changes which may occur in the price of output and resources by reducing costs and increasing revenues by 10% it remains economically viable .

The distribution of the intensity of the comet Ison C/2013 is studied by taking its histogram. This distribution reveals four distinct regions that related to the background, tail, coma and nucleus. One dimensional temperature distribution fitting is achieved by using two mathematical equations that related to the coordinate of the center of the comet. The quiver plot of the gradient of the comet shows very clearly that arrows headed towards the maximum intensity of the comet.

Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is a simple method and powerful technique to design a robust controller for nonlinear systems. It is an effective tool with acceptable performance. The major drawback is a classical Sliding Mode controller suffers from the chattering phenomenon which causes undesirable zigzag motion along the sliding surface. To overcome the snag of this classical approach, many methods were proposed and implemented. In this work, a Fuzzy controller was added to classical Sliding Mode controller in order to reduce the impact chattering problem. The new structure is called Sliding Mode Fuzzy controller (SMFC) which will also improve the properties and performance of the classical Sliding Mode control

Preparation of epoxy/MgO and epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposites is
studding. The nano composites were processed by different nano
fillers concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.07 and
0.1 wt%). Epoxy resin and nanocomposites containing different
shape nano fillers of (MgO:SiO2 composites), are shear mixing with
ratio 1:1,with different nano hybrid fillers concentrations (0.025,
0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 wt%) to preparation of epoxy/(MgOSiO2)
hybrid nanocomposites. Experimental tests results indicate that
the composite materials have significantly higher modulus of
elasticity than the matrix material but the hybrid nanocomposites
have lower modulus of elasticity. The wear rate was decreased in
nanoc

Phenytoin selective electrodes were constructed based on penytoin-phosphotungstate (Ph-PT) complex with different plasticizers; di-butyl phosphate (DBP), tri-butyl phosphate (TBP), di-butyl phthalate (DBPH),and o-nitro phenyl octyl ether (NPOE) phthalate. The electrodes based on DBPH, ONPOE plasticizers gave Narnistain slope which are, 56.4 and 55.3mV/decade with detection limit of 1.9x10-5 M , 1.8x10-5 and concentration range 10-1 to 10-4 M and pH range 3.0 – 8.0. The electrodes based on TBP and DBP showed non-Nernistain slopes, 40.2,40.5 mV/decade for both plasticizers. Interfering of some cations was investigated and shows no interfering with electrodes response. Potentiometric methods were used for measuring phenytion in