Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced in some grains (mainly corn) by Fusarium species. Due to a structural similarity between FB1 and sphinganine, sphingolipids metabolism is inhibited. Such inhibition plays a critical role in cell to cell singling and structure of lipoprotein; therefore FB1 has been suggested to have a relationship with human and animal cancer. This research is planned to study the effect of FB1 on male mice at two doses (20 and 30 µg/ ml) on the expression of TGF-β1 and p16 in liver cells. Three groups of Swiss albino male mice; each group was orally administrated with FB1 toxin as the following: normal saline (control group); 20 and 30 µg/ ml. All groups were sacrificed after two weeks of oral management. Liver samples were collected and prepared for immunohistochemistry technique (IHC) using anti-TGF-β1 and anti-p16 antibodies. The results showed that exposure to FB1 caused significant elevation of TGF-β1 in both doses (76.74 ± 2.387% and 80.62 ± 7.277%, respectively) in comparison with the control group (46.79 ± 2.404%). The level of p16 protein was decreased at 20 µg/ml (76.63 ± 2.349%) and then increased at 30 µg/ml (81.25 ± 6.263%) but the expression was lower than that of control (90.00 ± 0.805%). In conclusion, FB1 has a significant effect on TGF-β1 and p16 protein expression at both doses (20 and 30 µg/ml), and therefore, its role in cancer development is suggested.
In this paper, game theory was used and applied to the transport sector in Iraq, as this sector includes two axes, the public transport axis and the second axis the private transport axis, as each of these axes includes several types of transport, namely (sea transport, air transport, land transport, transport by rail, port transport) and the travel and tourism sector, as public transport lacks this sector, as the competitive advantage matrix for the transport sector was formed and after applying the MinMax-MaxMin principle to the matrix in all its stages, it was found that there was an equilibrium point except for the last stage where the equilibrium point was not available Therefore, the use of the linear programming method was
... Show MoreThe public budget is on the same time an art and a science .As an accountable science it seeks balance between public income and public expenditure for an accountable year. And as an accountable art it seeks to achieve economic balance by distributing equitable income in order to reach sustainable development .This is the optimal use of all natural and human resources to address scarcity of natural resources facing the increase need of human resources by spending on education, health, environment, housing, agriculture and industry to achieve social justice for the current generation and future generations. Since the first budget in Iraq on 1921 an accounting budget, is balancing the sections and items has been adopted and since the publi
... Show MoreThis study tackles the contribution of the environmental audit in achieving the sustainability of the environmental balance in the Sudanese business environment. The study aimed at clarifying the role of environmental auditing in supporting sustainable development, and to recognize the role of environmental audit in urging businesses to abide by environmental protection. It also shows how effective the environmental audit reports are, in providing the reliable data for the concerned authorities, in order to use it in making the decisions that would help in the sustainability of the environmental balance. To achieve the goals of the study, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to the registered chartered accountants in Sud
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Abstract
Despite the fact of the importance and effectiveness of supporting the pricing policy for agriculture sector in Iraq, but this policy has stopped in supporting those agriculture production needs, and it was confined to support the final product only, and supporting the strategic corps exclusively after the U.S. Invasion in 2003, but after 2008 the state has returned to support some of this policy activities through providing financial loans through the agricultural initiative campaign, with trillions of iraqi dinars without any use, also providing support to some of the agricultural production needs such as fertilizers , tractors and agricultural combines, in addition supporting the pricing policy for the
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השירה החילונית זו מיזגה בין התרבות היהודית והתרבות הערבית השלטת. התרבות הערבית השלטת השפיעה על היהודים בשירה, בספרי פילוסופייה ועיון, בהגות דתית, ביצירה של פרשנות המקרא, במחקר בדקדוק עברי, ברפואה ועוד. ספרי המדע המחקר והעיון נכתבו כולם בערבית. זו היתה שפת הדיבור בקהילות היהודיות. אבל השירה שהתפתחה, שירה אשר קבלה את יסודותיה מן השירה הערבית, שהגיעה לשיא בתקופה זאת – נכתבה כולה בעב
... Show MoreThis research came to shed light on the relationship between the requirements of (practices) high commitment management (participative decision making،information sharing، training and development،team working،rewards،selective staffing،job security ) and strategic entrepreneurship dimensions (entrepreneurial culture،entrepreneurial leadership،entrepreneurial mindset، strategic management resources ) Sought to achieve the number of goals the knowledge and applied, and tested the relationship and impact between variables in a sample size of 100 directors of personnel departments and divisions and their associates in the Iraqi contractors in Baghdad (Hamorabi، Mutassim، AL Rasheed، AL Mansour )، focused research
... Show MoreThis study aimed at investigating the level of social skills and its relationship with self-regulation among gifted students according to the academic stage and gender. The sample consisted of (417) male and female students at King Abdullah II School for Excellence in Salt, Jordan. Two instruments were used to collect the data; A scale of social skills and a scale of self-regulation. The results revealed that the level of social skills was high among gifted students. There were statistically significant differences in the social skills among gifted students according to their academic stage in favor of the secondary stage and according to their gender in favor of female students. There were statistically signific
... Show MoreThe city of Nishapur is one of the cities that had a prominent position and a clear impact on the flourishing of the scientific movement, and this position that it enjoyed was achieved because of the scholars who were incubating them. Who had a great role in the flourishing of scientific life through his scientific activity, as he worked as a teacher for thirty years in its regular school, in addition to his work in rhetoric, preaching and scientific circles, in addition to his many books in various sciences, as he did not specialize in one science only, but rather collected all the sciences of his time and excelled in them. He enriched the Arab and Islamic library with it.
The city of Nishapur is one of the cities that had a prominent position and a clear impact on the flourishing of the scientific movement, and this position that it enjoyed was achieved because of the scholars who were incubating them. Who had a great role in the flourishing of scientific life through his scientific activity, as he worked as a teacher for thirty years in its regular school, in addition to his work in rhetoric, preaching and scientific circles, in addition to his many books in various sciences, as he did not specialize in one science only, but rather collected all the sciences of his time and excelled in them. He enriched the Arab and Islamic library with it.