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Influence of the Surrounding Plants by Rapeseed Field on Population Density of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) and its Biological Enemies
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The result revealed that the peak of population density of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae was 523.20 individuals/plant on 21 March in edges of rapeseed field and was 1141.67 individuals/plant in center of the field. Results revealed that population density of cabbage aphid in rapeseed fields surrounded by cover crops significantly were low compared with that of monoculture rapeseed. The location of rapeseed plants (in edges or in center) significantly affected (p<0.05) the tested pest density, e.g. optimum density was 146.69 individuals/plant in the center of the field. Whereas was 93.32 in the edges. Effect of the interaction between location and surrounding vegetation was significant on aphid density, which their population density reached the maximum level, i.e. 325.4 individuals/ plant in the center of monoculture rapeseed field, Whereas minimum density was recorded, i.e. 46.74 individuals/plant in the rapeseed surrounded by clover. In regard to the population density of parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae, results showed that its density reached 1.70 mummies/ plant in the edges of rapeseed surrounded by onion. This treatment considerably exceeded the rapeseed surrounded by clover and monoculture rapeseed in which parasitoid density counted 0.45&0.60 mummies/ plant respectively. Population density of coccinellids ranged between 0.18 & 0.42 individuals/ plant for the edges or center of the fields of the treatments, without considerable differences between them..

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Publication Date
Tue May 27 2025
Journal Name
Scientific Journal Of Sport And Performance
impact of mental games on improving shooting accuracy among young basketball players in Iraqi clubs
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This study investigates the effectiveness of mental games in enhancing shooting accuracy among young basketball players. Initially, baseline shooting accuracy was assessed through tests conducted prior to a three-week intervention involving mental games. A follow-up test revealed a significant improvement in participants' shooting accuracy following the intervention. Given the noticeable differences in the new shooting scores compared to the initial assessments, a second set of pre-intervention tests was conducted. These tests reaffirmed the significant enhancement in shooting accuracy, substantiating the hypothesis that mental games positively affect performance. The findings highlight the importance of these intervention programs

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Publication Date
Tue May 27 2025
Journal Name
Scientific Journal Of Sport And Performance
impact of mental games on improving shooting accuracy among young basketball players in Iraqi clubs
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This study investigates the effectiveness of mental games in enhancing shooting accuracy among young basketball players. Initially, baseline shooting accuracy was assessed through tests conducted prior to a three-week intervention involving mental games. A follow-up test revealed a significant improvement in participants' shooting accuracy following the intervention. Given the noticeable differences in the new shooting scores compared to the initial assessments, a second set of pre-intervention tests was conducted. These tests reaffirmed the significant enhancement in shooting accuracy, substantiating the hypothesis that mental games positively affect performance. The findings highlight the importance of these intervention programs

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Malaysian Journal Of Nursing
Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nurses' Knowledge about Parenteral Nutrition in Critical Care Units
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 16 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Formulation Variables Effect on Gelation Temperature of Nefopam Hydrochloride intranasal in Situ Gel (Conference Paper) #
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Nefopam (N.F.) HCl is a non-narcotic centrally-acting, non-opioid benzoxazocine analgesic to relieve acute and chronic pain. It exhibits low bioavailability (about 36%) due to its first-pass degradation in the liver.

Intranasal administration has been used as a new route for targeting active brain sites and enhancing the bioavailability of N.F. HCl bypassing hepatic metabolism.

In situ gel of N.F. HCl was prepared by the cold method using different concentrations of Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, HPMC K4M, Carbapol 934, and Hyaluronic acid polymers.

The results show that identification tests are superimposed with references, solubility study shows that N.F. HCl is suitable to be administered intranasally; Compatibi

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Estimation of the demand function of ration card items in the light of IMF reforms
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The ration card system is a kind of support provided by the state to individuals through the provision of essential goods at subsidized prices during the period of war or crisis. For many years, the ration card was an essential source of food supplies to Iraqis, especially under the economic siege of the nineties, But after the events of 2003 and the passage of Iraq's political and economic changes required radical reforms in the ration card system according to the recipes of the International Monetary Fund. It was evident from the estimation of the demand function that the price did not have the greatest impact on this type of goods because the ration card items are subsidized by the government. There is also a

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 25 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Competencies of the Curriculum of Digital Media Education from the Perspective of Iraqi University Professors:
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he research aims to determine the competencies that must be met in the digital media literacy curriculum, which contributes to a great extent in developing the skills of criticism and analysis of the media contents of the students. The study of the two researchers according to the methodology of the media survey. The research tools were: the questionnaire tool, which distributed on 86 . The main objectives of the research were:
1. Knowing the best strategy in teaching the digital media literacy curriculum.
2. Knowing which education fits the digital media literacy curriculum.
3. Identifying the cognitive, educational, media, technical skills, and emotional competencies required for the digital media literacy curriculum from the

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The use of water resources in light of the challenges of water security in Iraq
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Iraq suffers from lack of water resources supply because the headwaters of the rivers located outside its borders and the influence of upstream countries on the quantities of flowing water, in addition to the increase of pressure on available water as a result of population increase and not adopting the principle of rationalization where misuse and wastage and lack of strategic vision to treat and manage water use in accordance with the economic implications fall.  This is reflected fallout on water security and subsequently on national and food security, while the issue of using water resources is development top priority in different countries in the world because of the importance of water effect on the security of indivi

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of dimensions of concerning the distribution of daily Iraqi newspapers informing customer loyalty
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Abstract

The study deal with two main variables:- the dimensions of distribution, and the customer loyalty . the researcher has chosen samples of Iraqi newspapers like (AL Sabah, AL Mada, AL Bayna aljdeida newspaper), because this product depends greatly on the consumption of customers so as to achieve the success. After studying the dimensions of these variables ( cost, flixibilty & deliver time ) which concerns the distribution, and for these dimensions ( marketing relationship, customer perception, customer experience, brand, & product quality) which relate to the customer loyalty . the problem has been identified in a number of remarks concerning the extent of awareness that the administration

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Identify indicators of climate change through the analysis of the amount of rain in Iraq
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United nation determined many basic climatic effects which affect the crust of Earth.
And the most important one is the climatic change and its effect on environmental, economic,
social, and political effects. So, the amount of rain which is considered as one of climatic
changes in Iraq should be studied.So, this research explains the factors which affect rain, its
overall average, the variation in the amounts of rain, the amount of yearly rain and variation
in both yearly and monthly rains by using standard variation and yearly fluctuation.As a
result, it is concluded that the number of rainy days doesn't mean an increase in rains amount.
And there's variation in rains amount in all study areas which is contrastive

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-rafidain University College For Sciences ( Print Issn: 1681-6870 ,online Issn: 2790-2293 )
The Use Of Genetic Algorithm In Estimating The Parameter Of Finite Mixture Of Linear Regression
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The estimation of the parameters of linear regression is based on the usual Least Square method, as this method is based on the estimation of several basic assumptions. Therefore, the accuracy of estimating the parameters of the model depends on the validity of these hypotheses. The most successful technique was the robust estimation method which is minimizing maximum likelihood estimator (MM-estimator) that proved its efficiency in this purpose. However, the use of the model becomes unrealistic and one of these assumptions is the uniformity of the variance and the normal distribution of the error. These assumptions are not achievable in the case of studying a specific problem that may include complex data of more than one model. To

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