The present study is considered a pioneer investigation that deal with the terrestrial brown garden snail Cornu aspersum (Müller), in Iraq. Cornu aspersum however is considered an exotic species in many parts of the world ,The species is most probably infiltrates with plants transferred from one place to another. The species has gained importance in many ways. Nutritionally, the species is consumed as food item in many countries, but in other cases it is considered as pest for the damage it causes when feeding on valuable plant shoots. It also has medical importance for its role and ability in healing wounds, burns and remedy of other skin problems. This snail species however may act as a vector for some parasitic nematodes that cause serious diseases. The species is also important in scientific research, usually referred to as ‘ecological indicator’ employed in environmental pollution problems such as the one caused by heavy metals. A great deal of research on this species has been carried out in different parts of the world, however, in Iraq, the scientific attention given to land snails in general and to Cornu aspersum in particular is rare and may be negligible in comparison with the research carried out on aquatic Mollusca species. A total of 1880 individuals of Cornu aspersum were collected from all sampling sites. The study was carried out for the period November 2007 to November 2008 on three sites within the Jadiriya district in Baghdad.. Growth, size classes and shell dimensions of Cornu aspersum populations, and their relationship with major environmental factors; ambient temperature; soil pH, moisture, texture; and the soil content of organic matter have been also investigated. Identification of the species was confirmed by the British Natural History Museum.The data were analyzed by means of standard statistical procedures.
Background: This in vitro study compares a novel calcium-phosphate etchant paste to conventional 37% phosphoric acid gel for bonding metal and ceramic brackets by evaluating the shear bond strength, remnant adhesive and enamel damage following water storage, acid challenge and fatigue loading. Material and Methods: Metal and ceramic brackets were bonded to 240 extracted human premolars using two enamel conditioning protocols: conventional 37% phosphoric acid (PA) gel (control), and an acidic calcium-phosphate (CaP) paste. The CaP paste was prepared from β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate powders mixed with 37% phosphoric acid solution, and the resulting phase was confirmed using FTIR. The bonded premolars were exp
... Show MoreBackground: This study evaluates transdermal delivery of tamoxifen (TXN) as an alternative to the oral route of administration in treating breast cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women globally. Oral TXN, a Class II drug, is associated with first-pass metabolism and serious side effects, including secondary cancers. Objectives: To enhance transdermal delivery, lipid-based transethosomes (TRS) were formulated using three different 24 factorial designs with various non-ionic surfactants, including Tween 20®, Span 20®, and Span 80®. Methods: Optimized TRS formulations were incorporated into HPMC-based gels and characterized for morphology, drug content, pH, viscosity, spreadability, ex vivo skin penetrat
... Show MoreIn this study, the new azo dye,5,5-[1,2-phenylenebis(2,1-biazenediyl)] bis[8-quinolino], was used to synthesize complexes with Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions. The compounds were characterized using 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), diffevential scanning calovimltry (DSC), CHN analysis. Further, conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and metal and chlorine content analysis using FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that the ligand chelates as a bidentate (OH) phenol group and a bidentate (C=N) ring group. The ligand exhibited tetradentate behavior, forming tetrahedral complexe
... Show MoreAmid the growing demand for multifunctional and environmentally benign materials, lead-free double perovskites have emerged as a strategically important development in advanced functional materials research. This study presents the synthesis of Ba2PrMnO6 (BPMO) double perovskite nanocrystals for the first time via a hydrothermal method, and a comprehensive evaluation has been conducted using the density functional theory (DFT) framework. Structural, thermodynamic, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, FESEM/EDX, FTIR, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. XRD confirms a stable tetragonal I4/m phase with experimental lattice con
... Show MoreThis work studies developing ultrafiltration (UF) membranes using organic and inorganic additives to remove organic dyes at UF conditions with high effectiveness. Flat sheet (18 wt%) polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared via phase inversion and then developed by adding 6 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a pore former. Furthermore, the PVDF/PEG membranes were developed by embedding tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) with different contents of 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 wt%. The prepared membranes were examined for their performance in the dye removal before being characterized using the field emission scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy, contact angle, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, surface charge,
... Show MoreA series of imidazole [1,2-a] pyridine sulfonamide derivatives was designed and synthesized starting from 2-aminopyridine. In first step, 2-amino pyridine was reacted with 4-bromo phenacyl bromide in the presence of MgO leading to the afford the corresponding imidazole [1,2-a] pyridine scaffold (Panda et al., 2022 [1] ). This intermediate was subsequently subjected to chlorosulfonation using chlorosulfonic acid to afford imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine −3- sulfonyl chloride (Amer, 2009 [2] ). Thereafter, derivative (Amer, 2009 [2] ) was treated with a variety of drugs containing an amine group [4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2- (diethyl amino) ethyl) -2-methoxy benzamide, 4-amino -N-(pyridin-2-yl) benzene sulfonamide and 4-(amino methyl) cyclohexane −1-c
... Show Moresix specimens of the Hg0.5Pb0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-y
The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria necessitates the exploration of novel antimicrobial agents. Yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y₂O₃) have shown potential due to their unique physicochemical properties and antibacterial activities against various pathogens. This study investigates the cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of Y₂O₃ nanoparticles against Serratia fonticuli and Citrobacter koseri, bacteria isolated from cholangitis patients. Bacterial strains were isolated from bile specimens and confirmed using standard microbiological techniques. The methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD), (SEM), and Frequency transform-infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR) were used to characterize YO₃ particles. Using a microdilution technique, the minimum
... Show MoreA Stereomicroscopic Evaluation of Four Endodontic Sealers Penetration into Artificial Lateral Canals Using Gutta-Percha Single Cone Obturation Technique, Omar Jihad Banawi*, Raghad
Many athletes believe that it enhances the level of performance during training and competition, in addition to compensating for fluids during exercise when the levels of temperature and humidity in the atmosphere rise during the athlete's intensive training, as it increases the requirements for fluid compensation to avoid the risk of potential thermal disorders. If training continues for more than an hour causing fatigue, athletes are advised to drink carbohydrate drinks that quickly convert to glucose in the blood, while sodium should be included in the fluids consumed during exercise or matches that last more than (1-2 hours). The effect of drinking a drink containing 12% carbohydrates and electrolytes before each half of a simul
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