Hepatitis B is an inflammation of the liver that caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which is DNA virus that infects the human and some kinds of animals such as chimpanzees and birds. This disease considered as the major disease of mankind and a serious global public health problem. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb, HBeAb and HBsAb are markers used to detect the presence and the stage of infection. The current study included (181) individuals from both sexes, (137) males and (44) females. By ratio 3.11: 1.The mean age of patients 2.4033 ± 0.83519 (range 18-73) years as follows < 20 (11.6%), 21–40 (47.5%), 41–60 (29.8%) and > 60 (11.0%) . These patients are 73 (40.4%) Blood donors from Central Blood Bank, 88 (48.6%) Chronic kidney failure at Ibn – Sina Teaching Hospital and 20 (11.0%) Thalassemic patients at Ibn – Alatheer Teaching Hospital, Nineveh Governorate / Iraq. For the period from July 2011 till May 2012.The results indicated that the number of serum patients infected with HBV was 90 (49.7%) using Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay technique. These patients had many markers named HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb, HBeAb and HBsAb with percentages 90 (49.7%), 47 (26.0%), 89 (49.2%), 53 (29.3%) and5 (2.8%) respectively. Ninety three patients infected with HBV ninety of them gave positive results using ELISA and rt-PCR technique, and three gave positive results using rt-PCR only inspite of their negative results in ELISA. We concluded that HBV infection remains a serious issue because it's prevalence is still significant among patients, all viral markers are very important for the diagnosis of infection, rt-PCR is a very sensitive scientific technique gave the exactly number of copies/ml in a closed system.
Pre-eclampsia complicates 2-8% of all pregnancies and it is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and pre-term delivery in the world. Unfortunately, there is scarcity of documents discussing the circulating level of several essential trace elements in Pre-eclampsia patients in Baghdad especially in the last trimester of the pregnancy. The present study was designed to quantitative evaluation the whole blood concentration of two trace elements, copper (Cu), and iron(Fe), in pre-eclamptic women in the third trimester of pregnancy. The study was conducted on 18 Pre-eclamptic pregnant women as patients group with clinical detected high blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and 13 normotensive pregnant women as control group from Al-Alwiya
... Show MoreThe North Central Coast of Vietnam has a wide distribution of loose sand which is often exposed on the surface. The thickness changes from a few meters to over ten meters. This sand with the loose state can be sensitive to the dynamic loads, such as earthquakes, traffic load, or machine foundations. It can be liquefied under these loadings, which might destroy the ground and buildings. The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is widely used in engineering practice and its values can be useful for the assessment of soil liquefaction potential. Thus, this article presents some ground profiles in some sites in the North Central Coast of Vietnam and determines the liquefaction potential of sand based on SPT
... Show MorePurpose: To explore whether baseline matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) (exposure) can predict the outcome (reduction in probing pocket depth (PPD) (outcome)) of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) (manual or ultrasonic or both) in patients with periodontitis (population/problem) after 3 months. Methods: Six databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, ProQuest, Ovid, Scopus, EBSCO) were searched for relevant articles published until 30 July 2021. Retrieved articles were passed through a three-phase filtration process on the basis of the eligibility criteria. The primary outcome was the change in PPD after 3 months. Quality of the selected articles was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB2
... Show MoreCOVID-19 (Coronavirus disease-2019), commonly called Coronavirus or CoV, is a dangerous disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases around the world, which started from one of the wet markets in Wuhan city. Its symptoms are similar to those of the common flu, including cough, fever, muscle pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. This article suggests implementing machine learning techniques (Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine) by Python to classify a series of chest X-ray images that include viral pneumonia, COVID-19, and healthy (Not infected) cases in humans. The study includes more than 1400 images that are collected from the Kaggle platform. The expe
... Show MoreBackground: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early-onset CAD, also known as PCAD, is a severe form of CAD associated with high mortality and a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis is crucial to reducing complications. While hsCRP is an established biomarker for CAD, kalirin is a potential novel biomarker due to its role in promoting smooth muscle proliferation and endothelial dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum kalirin and hsCRP levels with the presence and severity of PCAD and to compare the diagnostic value of both biomarkers. Method: The study recruited 92 participants into two groups: the PCAD group (46) included patients with confirmed CAD by an
... Show MorePsoriasis is one of the skin’s chronic inflammatory diseases. Psoriasis etiology isn’t exactly known. Recently, it has been suggested that the imbalances in oxidant-antioxidant status happening because of the increase in reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and/or deficient function regarding the antioxidant system might be included in psoriasis pathogenesis. The major goal is to evaluate the antioxidant defense status in patients experiencing psoriasis and oxidative stresses represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) level and evaluate liver enzymes and vitamin D3. There are some tests of biochemical parameters and vitamins (GSH, MDA, VitD3, SOD, GPx, CAT, AST, ALT, and ALP) are conducted on 35 patients experiencing psoriasi
... Show MoreThe lower respiratory tract of sheep was studied to determine the torsion and branching of the bronchial tree. The respiratory system of ruminants and all living organisms is one of the most important organs in the body that controls the amount of gas exchange between the heart and lungs through the airways, it is clear that in sheep it consists of a narrow bronchial tube that reaches the extent of lung tissue repercussions. He used silicon, water, acid, and at room temperature, and the substance was injected with an injection gun through the trachea and was pushed gently to spread and distribute in all parts of the lungs with moderate manual pressure. The results showed that the mold shape in the lung and the bronchial branches of
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