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The role of TNF-? in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma “a study in Iraqi patients”
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During recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the investigation of the cytokines roles in pathogenesis of cancer, thus the study aimed at evaluating the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?) in sera of Iraqi multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Beta 2-microglobulion (?2-m) was assessed to determine if there was any association between this cytokine and the level of ?2- m, as the latter is related to the stage of the disease. In addition, the age and gender were also taken into consideration. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between IgG and TNF-? in sera of patients. 49 Iraqi patients (27 males and 22 females).The patients were also divided into two groups: the first group included (17) patients who were recently diagnosed and not received any treatment at the time of collecting samples while the second group included (32) patients who received treatment. A further group was also investigated which included (12) apparently healthy individuals (9 males and 3 females), who were regarded as a control group. Serum TNF-? and ?2- m were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).while the concentration of IgG was measured by radial immune diffusion plates The study reached to the following results: TNF-? levels were not significantly elevated in the patients with MM compared to control group (5.98 ± 8.47 SD vs. 4.85 ± 12.1 SD) and no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the mean (6.02 ±8.1SD vs 5.9 ±9.4SD) concentration of TNF-? in patients with MM who received treatment, when compared with those who did not take the treatment .In addition, there are positive significant correlations between TNF-? and ? 2 Microglobulin (r = 0.316, P = 0 .027), and no relationship between IgG and TNF-? (r = - 0.032, P = 0.829).Furthermore, the study observed that, there was no correlation between TNF-? on the one hand and factors of age and gender on the other hand.

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 19 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Study of the impact of foreign direct investment in the Iraqi tax system using the factorial analysis: (principal components)
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The tax system, like any other system, as a set of elements and parts that complement each other and are interrelated and interact to achieve specific goals, and is a natural  reflection of the economic, social and political conditions prevailing in society, and therefore the objectives of tax policy formulated in line with the objectives of economic policy in general, which means that any change in economic policy clearly affects fiscal policy measures and fiscal policy in particular.

The problem of searching for the impact of foreign direct investment in the Iraqi tax system was focused on the study  the of foreign direct investment and therole played in developing and improving the economic reality and its implicatio

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Olanzapine-induced Metabolic Syndrome and its Association with -759C>T Polymorphism of the HTR2C Gene in Iraqi Schizophrenic Patients
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The hazardous metabolic effects of treating schizophrenia patients with olanzapine comprise serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C) antagonists. Metabolic side effects of antipsychotic drugs, including lipid abnormalities, disturbed glucose metabolism, and weight gain, can have a major impact on treating psychiatric patients. The intent of this study was to investigate whether there is an associated link between the genetic polymorphism at -759C>T in the promoter region of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor (HTR2C) gene and the metabolic syndrome driven by olanzapine in schizophrenia patients. A cross-sectional study that involved fifty hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. The patients were split into two groups (metabolic and non-metab

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 13 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
"THE COMMUNICATOR AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HIS JOB IN UNIVERSITY PRESS": " A survey study of the managers of administrative departments of public relations and media at Iraqi Universities. "
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The research problem lies in the lack of accurate scientific perceptions concerning the reality of the communicator and the factors influencing his job. The research is aimed at introducing the communicator in the university press, clarifying the obstacles facing him, and uncovering the level of his job satisfaction and his visions of developing his work.

The researcher adopted the survey method in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data using a questionnaire.

 A set of results and conclusions has been reached, most importantly are:

 

*The communicator performs multiple missions including writing, editing, and collecting info

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2006
Journal Name
Ipmj-iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Elucidation of a role for the aqueous extract of borage in mammary gland growth and development
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Herbal remedies are used in induction of lactation. In view of that .Borage Officinalis was employed to ensure an abundant milk supply or rectify milk insufficiency .However, this remedy has not been scientifically tested .The animals were treated with the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers at a daily concentration of 100 mg / kg body weight /ml for each rat through Oro-gastric tube for 14 days. Animals were subdivided into subgroups according to their physiological status. Mammary glands of these animals were processed for histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Parameters indicated that the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers induced lactogenesis in the mammmary glands of virgin and pregnant rats

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 04 2006
Journal Name
The Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Elucidation of a Role for the Aqueous Extract of Borage in Mammary Gland Growth and Development
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Meta Gene
Evaluation of interleukin-9 serum level and gene polymorphism in a sample of Iraqi type 2 diabetic mellitus patients
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Background: Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic disorder identified by hyperglycemia. The heterogeneous etiology includes defects either in insulin secretion, or in insulin action, or the both. In addition to the distraction in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Inflammatory reaction that caused by many pro-inflammatory cytokines play a central role in the pathogenicity of T2DM, these cytokines can enhance insulin resistance which led to impaired glucose homeostasis. Subjects: The study included 75 patients (38 males and 37 females) suffering from T2DM with age mean ± SE 52.30 ± 1.60, and 70 individuals as healthy controls (35 males and 35 females) with age mean ± SE 48.88 ± 0.64. Evaluation of immunological marke

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 27 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Extent of auditors' commitment to the quality control system according to the Iraqi Audit guide / 7 : A field study of a sample of auditors of the second district audit office In the The Federal Financial Supervision Board
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The research aims to achieve a set of objectives, the most important of which is determining the extent to which the auditors of the research sample in the Federal Bureau of Financial Supervision adhere to the requirements of the quality control system according to the Iraqi Audit Manual No. The federal financial / research sample with the quality control system according to the Iraqi audit guide No. 7), and the researcher seeks to test the main research hypothesis and sub-hypotheses, and to achieve this, a questionnaire was designed by (Google Form) and distributed electronically to the elements of the research sample, Through the statistical package program (SPSS), the results of the questionnaire were analysed. In light of the applied

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Developing Workers’ Performance and Its Role in Settling Financial Claim: An applied research in the General Iraqi Insurance Company
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This research seeks to identify the dimensions of the development of staff performance (training ', incentives, management skills) and its impact on the settlement of compensatory claims adopted in the current research in the Iraqi insurance company،This research aims to highlight the role of developing insurance company’s workers’ performance in settling insurance compensation, and to check this process, the research was applied in the general Iraqi insurance company as it considered as the research community, and a sample was taken from this community that represented by company’s insurance department workers or by collecting actual data that is related to the research’s sample, in addition to the financial compensation data.<

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of the international auditing standard IAS 540 "Auditing accounting estimates and related disclosures" in limiting income smoothing practices in the financial statements (from the point of view of Iraqi auditors)
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                The current research aims to show the impact of the international auditing standard IAS 540 in reducing income smoothing practices in Iraq. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted a questionnaire for a sample of auditors in Iraq. Where 60 forms were distributed and after the questionnaire was retrieved and statistical analysis was done using the SPSS program, The research reached a number of results, the most important of which are: the existence of a statistically significant effect of the application of the international auditing standard IAS 540 in reducing income smoothing practices, The research recommended the necess

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 18 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY OF THE TEMPORAL EFFECT OF THE LEVEL OF THE CREATINE KINASE ENZYME CK-MB AND SOME BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND HEART FAILURE IN RAMADI CITY: STUDY OF THE TEMPORAL EFFECT OF THE LEVEL OF THE CREATINE KINASE ENZYME CK-MB AND SOME BIOMARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND HEART FAILURE IN RAMADI CITY
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The current study is designed to achieve the goal of early detection of heart disease because it is the main risk of death. Some biomarkers were measured as well as the percentage of the effect of certain risk factors in people with myocardial infarction and heart failure. The study included 40 serum samples from people with heart disease. The effectiveness of the creatine kinase (CK-MB), as well as its temporal and albumin effects, as well as sodium ions in people with myocardial infarction and heart failure, were compared with the control group. as shown below:

-The first group consisted of 25 blood samples from people with myocardial infarction and 15 serum samples from people with heart failure. Blood

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