The mediation system is based on settling the dispute amicably through the intervention of a third party by bringing views closer away from the judiciary, which is an amicable way to settle disputes, which disputants resort to voluntarily, but some Western legislation has begun to impose resorting to mediation to settle disputes compulsorily, to take advantage of its advantages, get rid of the disadvantages of resorting to the judiciary in some disputes, and relieve pressure on the courts.

The earth-air heat exchanger (EHX) has a promising potential to passively save the energy consumption of traditional air conditioning systems while maintaining a high degree of indoor comfort. The use of EHX systems for air conditioning in commercial and industrial settings offers several environmental benefits and is capable of operating in both standalone and hybrid modes. This study tests the performance and effectiveness of an EHX design in a sandy soil area in Baghdad, Iraq. The area has a climate of the subtropical semi-humid type. Ambient air temperatures and soil temperatures were recorded throughout the months of 2021. During the months of January and June, the temperatures of the inlet and outflow air at varying air veloci

     The question asked by all researchers is when solar panels will replace the national grid, especially in the domestic sector. In this study, a rooftop stand-alone solar electric system is designed to provide all the electrical power to a house in Baghdad-Iraq, using a (How to design PV system) simulation program. The feasibility of this system compared to the performance of the national electric grid and the system of private diesel generators is determined. The proposed solar system capacity is (25 kW), and the space required and the energy payback time are (360 m² and 7.82 years), respectively. By using the current system, the net CO₂ mitigation amount is 499,518.2 tons for 30-year. The kilowatt-hour cost

Millions of pilgrims and visitors from numerous parts of the world flock to Karbala (one of the most prominent ideological and religious places in central Iraq) each year to visit the holy shrines in Karbala due to their sanctity. Many improvements have been made to the Two Holy Shrines (THS), the Shrines of Imam Husayn and Imam Abbas, and the area between them (ATHS), due to the high temperatures in this region and to improve pedestrian thermal comfort. Studies on improving outdoor thermal comfort in Karbala are scarce. Hence, this research aims to look into historical and current architectural changes and how they affect thermal comfort. On the hottest summer day, the ENVI-met software program was used to simulate the building des

Purpose To test the effect of strategic Supremacy on strategic success A case study in Thi Qar Governorate, methodology/approach – this is a mandatory entry.

a case study was used and applied to the Department managers of Government of the province of Thi Qar, Research limitations/implications – It is clear that the strategic Supremacy variable is not being used effectively to achieve strategic success.

Practical implications – use strategic supremacy positively to Support for strategic success. implementing and monitoring ignorance of them in how to use thi

The lower Cretaceous sandstones of Zubair and Nahr Umr formations are the main producing reservoirs in Subba oilfield in southern Iraq. Key differences in their petrophysical and depositional attributes exist affecting their reservoir characteristics. The evaluation of well logs and core porosity-permeability data show better reservoir properties in Nahr Formation. The Litho-saturation logs indicate greater thickness of oil-saturated reservoir units for Nahr Unr Formation associated with lower values of shale volume, and higher values of effective porosity. In addition, higher values of permeability for Nahr Umr Formation is suggested by applying porosity-irreducible water saturation cross plot. The reducing reservoir quality of Zub

  A quantum mechanical description of the dynamics of  non-adiabatic electron transfer in metal/semiconductor interfaces  can be achieved using simplified models  of the system. For this system we can suppose two localized quantum states donor state |D› and acceptor state |A› respectively. Expression of rate constant of electron transfer for metal/semiconductor system derived upon quantum mechanical model and perturbation theory for transition between |𝐷〉 and |𝐴〉 state when the coupling matrix element coefficient is smaller than 0.025eV. The rate of electron transfer for  Au/ ZnSe and Au/ZnS interface systems is evaluated with orientation free energy using a Matlap program. The

Transit agencies constantly need information about system operations and passengers to support their regular scheduling and operation planning processes. The lack of these processes and cultural motivations to use public transportations contributes enormously to the reliance on the private cars rather than public transportation, resulting in traffic congestions. The traffic congestions occur mainly during peak hours and the accidents happening as a result of road accidents and construction works.  This study investigates the effects of weekday and weekend travel variability on peak hours of the passenger flow distribution on bus lines, which can effectively reflect the degree of traffic congestion. A study of passen

This study has been focused on the detection of phenolic compound in aerial parts (stem and leaves)of the species belonging the genus Arabis L. A.Caucasica Willd, A.Sagittata (Bertol)DC, A.Aucheri Boiss, A.nova Vill of family cruciferou (Brassicaceae) which were collected during field trips of the districted of Iraq. Phenolic compounds have been identified by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Nine standard compounds used for comparison five of them flavonoids ( Rutin, Quercetin, kaempferol, Luteolin and Apigenin) and the other phenolic acid ( Chlorogenic acid, Caffeic acid, Ferulic acid and Rosmarinic acid) , results showed that species vary in containing phenolic compound which can be counted as a taxonomic evidence s

       The surface properties of mixtures of a nonionic surfactant Tween 80 (Tw 80) and a cationic drug, diphenhydramine HCl (DPH) have been investigated. This was done by calculating the surface excess concentration (Γ_max), minimum molecular area (A_min), surface pressure at the CMC (ᴨ_cmc), Gibbs Free Energy of adsorption (ΔG°_ads), Gibbs free energy of micellization (ΔG°_m), the standard enthalpy of micellization (ΔH°_m), and the standard entropy of micellization (ΔS°_m). The calculation was performed using the surface tension in the temperature range of 293-323 K with the variation of surfactant concentration to determine the crit