In this work the effect of annealing temperature on the structure and the electrical properties of Bi thin films was studied, the Bi films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature by thermal evaporation technique with thickness (0.4 µm) and rate of deposition equal to 6.66Å/sec, all samples are annealed in a vacuum for one hour. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the prepared samples are polycrystalline and it exhibits hexagonal structure. The electrical properties of these films were studied with different annealing temperatures, the d.c conductivity for films decreases from 16.42 ? 10-2 at 343K to 10.11?10-2 (?.cm)-1 at 363K. The electrical activation energies Ea1 and Ea2 increase from 0.031 to 0.049eV and

In this study, Laser Shock Peening (LSP) effect on the polymeric composite materials has been investigated experimentally. Polymeric composite materials are widely used because they are easy to fabricate and have many attractive features. Unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix was selected and Aluminum powder with micro particles as a reinforcement material was used with different volume fraction (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%). Hand lay-up process was used for preparation the composites. Fatigue test with constant amplitude with stress ratio (R =-1) was carried out before and after LSP process with two levels of energy (1Joule and 2Joule). The result showed an increase in the endurance strength of 25.448% at 7.5% volume fraction when peened is 1J

This study reports the fabrication of tin oxide (SnO₂) thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The effect of ⁶⁰Co (300, 900, and 1200 Gy) gamma radiation on the structural, morphological, and optical features is systematically demonstrated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ultraviolet-visible light analysis (UV-Vis), respectively In XRD tests, the size of the crystallites decreased from 45.5 to 40.8 nm for the control samples and from 1200 Gy to 60Co for the irradiated samples. Using FESEM analysis, the particle diameter revealed a similar trend to that attained using XRD; in particular, the average diameters were 93.8 and

The analytical study of optical bistability is concerned in a fully
optimized laser Fabry-Perot system. The related phenomena of
switching dynamics and optimization procedure are also included.
From the steady state of optical bistability equation can plot the
incident intensity versus the round trip phase shift (φ) for different
values of dark mistuning 




12
,
6
,
3
,
1.5
0 , o
   
 or finesse (F= 1, 5, 20,
100). In order to obtain different optical bistable loops. The inputoutput
characteristic for a nonlinear Fabry-Perot etalon of a different
values of finesse (F) and using different initial detuning (φ0) are used
in this rese

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized via liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as precursor using flame fragments deposition (FFD) technique. In vitro, biological activates of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesized by FFD technique were investigated. The physiochemical characterizations of synthesized CNTs are similar to other synthesized CNTs and to the standard sample. Pharmaceutical application of synthesized CNTs was studied via conjugation and adsorption with different types of medicines as promote groups. The conjugation of CNTs was performed by adsorption the drugs such as sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) on CNTs depending on physical properties of both bonded parts. The synthesized CNTs almost have the same performance in a

    Many designs have been suggested for unipolar magnetic lenses based on changing the width of the inner bore and fixing the other geometrical parameters of the lens to improve the performance of unipolar magnetic lenses. The investigation of a study of each design included the calculation of its axial magnetic field the magnetization of the lens in addition to the magnetic flux density using the Finite Element Method (FEM) the Magnetic Electron Lenses Operation (MELOP) program version 1 at three different values of current density (6,4,2 A/mm²). As a result, the clearest values and behaviors were obtained at current density (2 A/mm²). it was found that the best magnetizing properties, the high

In this work; Silicon dioxide (SiO2) plasma plume was prepared by laser induced plasma (LIP). The electron number density, plasma frequency and Debye length were calculated by reading the data of I-V curve of Langmuir probe which was used as a diagnostic method of measuring plasma properties. Pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used for measuring the electron number density of SiO2 plasma plume under vacuum environment with varying both vacuum pressure and axial distance from the target surface. Some physical properties of the plasma generated such as electron density, plasma frequency and Debye length have been measured experimentally and the effects of vacuum pressure and Langmuir probe distance from the target were studied on those variables. An

The effect of different doping ratio (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) with thickness in the range 300nmand annealed at different temp.(Ta=RT, 473, 573, 673) K on the electrical conductivity and hall effect measurements of AgInTe2thin film have and been investigated AgAlxIn(1-x) Te2 (AAIT) at RT, using thermal evaporation technique all the films were prepared on glass substrates from the alloy of the compound. Electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1, Ea2), Hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated as a function of doping. All films consist of two types of transport mechanisms for free carriers. The activation energy (Ea) decreased whereas electrical conductivity increases with increased doping. Results of Hall Effect

Tin Oxide (SnO2) films have been deposited by spray pyrolysis technique at different substrate temperatures. The effects of substrate temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of SnO2 films have been investigated. The XRD result shows a polycrystalline structure for SnO2 films at substrate temperature of 673K. The thickness of the deposited film was of the order of 200 nm measured by Toulansky method. The energy gap increases from 2.58eV to 3.59 eV when substrate temperature increases from 473K to 673K .Electrical conductivity is 4.8*10-7(.cm)-1 for sample deposited at 473K while it increases to 8.7*10-3 when the film is deposited at 673K