This study aimed to identify the histological changes of mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to vydate pesticide. (48) female fishes were collected from local markets and also from the stream that surround Baghdad university campus at Al-jadyria, fishes divided into (4) groups and each group consist of 12 fish: T1(exposed to 0.0000001 mg/L),T2 (exposed to 0.0000002 mg/L ) and T3 (exposed to 0.000001 mg /L) of vydate pesticide for (8) weeks. As well as a control group. Fishes were dissected for histological preparations after each (2,4,6,8) weeks of exposure time. Gills were fixed by Bouin’s fluid and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin. Histological study showed that the structure of gill in a control group consists of primary and secondary gill lamellae appeared parallel and oblique. The secondary gill lamellae lined with squamous epithelial and pillar cells, and each secondary lamellae have capillary derived from blood vessel in primary lamellae, chlorid cells and few mucous cells found between secondary lamellae. The histological alterations in gills included hyperplasia of chloride cells, congestion of blood vessels, lamellar disarray, lifting of epithelial cells, Oedema, fusion of adjacent secondary lamella and Aneurysm. Results concluded that vydate had a vicious effect on gills and caused severe histological alterations such as hyperplasia of chloride cells and simple alterations such as lamellar disarray, and also these histological changes commensurate direct proportion with concentrations were used in this study.
Background: Health information systems in most countries are inadequate in providing the needed management support and the current health information systems are therefore widely seen as management obstacles rather than as tools,Objectives: the current study is an attempt to assess the behavioral and organizational determinants of health information system performance in Iraq.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewed a total of 189 respondents selected from six Iraqi governorates. The Organizational and Behavioral Assessment Tool was used to measure the behavioral and organizational determinants of health information system performance, it is one of the PRISM package tools that are used to assess the health informatio
... Show MoreWe try through this research to show the relationship between the crescent and the month in the Koran, and then their importance and their relationship to timing, and the timing of this relationship with people, and the significance of these timings, so we gathered verses that spoke about the family and the month, and we tried to study them in a detailed objective study, so this came The research of five subjects was the first topic introductory research and the time and month, while the remaining four detectives on the verses that talked about the timing of the month, and we have explained the relationship of this timing with people and the significance of these times.
Until The Second Half Of Nineteenth Century , Psychology Depended On Philosophy In Its Experiences Which Means It Depend On Individuals Feelings Toward Psychological Experiences And Rapid Observation . As For The Scientific Organized Experimentation And Observation By Machines Have Been Used Later .
The Experimentation Looking For The Cause Of Phenomena And How Is That Happened Also Reveal The Causal Relationship Between Among Phenomena . The Experiences In Psychology Field Include In Its Simplest Form Only One Variable ( Effective) Which Is Called Independent Variable As Well As Another Variable ( Affected ) That Called Dependent Variable .
... Show MoreBackground: Bilastine is a non-sedating, second-generation antihistamine used to treat urticaria and allergic conjunctivitis. Objective: to formulate and test bilastine as a mucoadhesive ophthalmic in situ gel in order to extend its presence at site for longer time and help treat conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis. Methods: We prepared formulations using different concentrations of poloxamers (Poloxamer 407 (P407) and Poloxamer 188 (P188)) in combination with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). The prepared formulas were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, sol-gel transition temperature, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, drug release, and kinetic modeling. Results: The prepared in situ gels were clear and transparen
... Show MoreRequires economic work finding built institutional paint strategies and policies are formulated general economic and clarity in its stated objectives and the involvement of all economic institutions, political and stakeholders to discuss all the issues of economic, financial, monetary and analyzed for the purpose of renewal energies and determine the duties and responsibilities, leaving full freedom to the private sector in the formation of institutions to carry out his duties economic, and that the institutional structures to create the right climate for the implementation of its economic policies, which would facilitate the task of the private sector, and this h
... Show MoreAfrican countries are among the countries in the world that suffer from the phenomenon of child recruitment in wars and conflicts. There are many reasons behind it, including the nature of the human formation of children, the societal violence to which they are exposed, lack of access to education, economic hardships, as well as the role of African wars and conflicts and other reasons that compelled children to join armed groups and participate in military operations. The recruitment of children is divided into two types, compulsory and voluntary, and this leads to many humanitarian and security repercussions that are not limited to a specific period of time but extend to subsequent generations, and due to its seriousness, t
... Show MoreIn this paper, we present a study of examples of writings that are known in the science of Semitic research compared to the texts (Jewish-Arab, Samaritan-Arabic) written in Hebrew script and texts from the Bible. We try to explain the role of these literary works in Islamic history and civilization, as one of the most important documents are the writings (Gniza), which contributed to provide a full presentation on life in the Islamic community in all aspects of life, especially religious activity and showed the sincere relationship in dealing with the other under tolerance The University of Cambridge has prepared Islamic documents and kept them in separate boxes and presented them to researchers to convey the Islamic heritage written by
... Show MoreStatistical learning theory serves as the foundational bedrock of Machine learning (ML), which in turn represents the backbone of artificial intelligence, ushering in innovative solutions for real-world challenges. Its origins can be linked to the point where statistics and the field of computing meet, evolving into a distinct scientific discipline. Machine learning can be distinguished by its fundamental branches, encompassing supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, and reinforcement learning. Within this tapestry, supervised learning takes center stage, divided in two fundamental forms: classification and regression. Regression is tailored for continuous outcomes, while classification specializes in c
... Show MoreGenus Salix is among family Salicaceae, distributing in the northern hemisphere. It is represented in Egypt by two species (Salix mucronata and Salix tetrasperma). The classification of Salix at the generic and infra-generic levels is still outstanding. We have agreed to list the Egyptian species of this genus. We collected them during field trips to most Egyptian habitats; fresh and herbarium specimens were subjected to taxonomic revision based on morphological characters; scanning electron microscope (SEM) for pollen grains; isozyme analysis using esterase and peroxidase enzymes and genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). We recorded that both sexes of S.
The risk of breast cancer development is believed to be attributed to the alterations of a number of key biological components. Within this context, elevated levels of some chemokines that act as growth factors and can promote cancer development. The current study was designed to evaluate CXCL3 (a chemokine C-X-C Motif Ligand 3) and leptin (a peptide hormone synthesized by adipose tissue with cytokine activity) serum of Iraqi breast cancer patients in comparison to healthy controls. A total of 90 participants consisted of 60 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 30 healthy women as control group were enrolled into this case-control study. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants to evaluate CXCL3 and leptin serum levels
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