Endocrine Abnormalities in β-thalassemia major are common disturbing
complications, that need prompt management. Importance of this work was to
evaluate the some biochemical parameters and endocrine hormones related to
the pubertal maturity and fertility status in cases with thalassemia. A sixty patients
[38 males and 22 females] with β - thalassemia major against 30 healthy subjects
[17 males and 13 females] were enrolle . The Blood levels of, Leptin, Vitamin D,
thyroid function test, parathyroid hormone, ghrelin, and sex hormones were
determined in the blood. Body Mass Index (BMI) was also evaluate. Results
showed that besides lower BMI, all hormones assessed were significantly lower in
thalassemia β-major

Positron annihilation lifetime has been utilized for the first time to investigate the free - volume hole properties in thermolumenscent dosimeter ( TLD ) as a function of gamma-dosc . The hole volume, free volume fraction determined form orthopsitronium lifetime are found to be ?lamatically increase to large values , and then to minimum values as a function ofgamma-dose . The free - volume holes size is found to be 0.163nm’ and to have maximum of 0.166nm^ at the gamma-dose of 0.1 and 0.8 Gy, respectively-

     Obesity is a complex disease and a major worldwide health hazard with adult mortality. Obesity is defined by an increase in the body-mass index of 30 kg m⁻² or greater. It belongs to the genetic predisposition and more consumption of high-energy foods and decreased requirement for physical activity in modern society. This study was designed to evaluate leptin and ghrelin hormones levels and the gene expression of leptin and ghrelin receptors in obese individuals. Seventy-five obese (45 females and 30 males) and 25 (15 females and 10 male) normal individuals were admitted to the Obesity Research and Therapeutic Unit at Alkindy College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad. All blood samples were pulled from obese and n

Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase is a prevalent enzyme that maintains the Na⁺ and K⁺ gradients across the cell membrane by transporting three Na⁺ out and two K⁺ into the cell, the aim of this study  is to provide detailed mechanistic insights, potentially with important effects on physiological regulation of active Na and K transport in tissues of Aerobic Thyroid Patient. Thyroid tissues were obtained from a 35 year old patients, the operation was carried out at the Al-Hadi Specialist Hospital in Samarra city, the sample was stored at -20^ºC until used. The purification protocol included Salt Precipitation, Ion Exchange Chromatography, Gel Filtration and E

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition associated with chronic anovulation, and androgen excess. Clinically, PCOS women usually presents with menstrual irregularities, infertility, and hirsutism. Women with this syndrome are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MS).
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted during the period from March 2013 until the end of September 2013. A total of 50 PCOS women were studied   (25 PCOS women with MS and 25 PCOS women without MS) with an age ranged from (35-45) years. Women with PCOS were referred to Medical City Hospital in Baghdad and compared with 25 healthy women as control group. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle

Background: Hypertension causes changes on the cardiac performance, and this effect is more
profound on the LV where systolic high pressure is present.
Patients and Methods: We studied 30 patients (14 females and 16 males of average age of
54.8±13.5) with hypertension and 20 normal individuals, the control group (age range 45.6±17.8, 11
females and 9 males). Measurements of early filling velocity E, late filling velocity A at atrial
contraction and ejection fraction were taken, also isovolumetric relaxation, and contraction times
and ejection times were taken. MPI myocardial performance index was calculated.
Results: Results shows a significant increase in the isovolumetric relaxation time IRT (30%),were
IRT for

Repeated blood transfusion in beta thalassemia major patients may lead to peroxidative tissue injury by secondary iron overload. In the present study, 100 patients(50 male+50 female) with beta thalassemia major patients with age (5-20) years and 60 healthy control were included during their attendance at Abin Al_Baladi hospital in Baghdad. Malondialdehyde ,Superoxide Dismutase and Vitamin E, were measured by using kits.The results showed A highly significant (p<0.01)increase in the levels of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase, whereas, significant p(<0.01)decrease in the levels of vitamin-E, This suggest that oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant defense mechanism play an important role in pathogenesis of beta thalassemia

Background: - Recurrent breast cancer is cancer that comes back following initial treatment. Risk factors of recurrence are lymph node involvement, larger tumor size, positive or close tumor margins, and lack of radiation treatment following lumpectomy, younger age and inflammatory breast cancer.
Objective: Asses the rate of recurrence for early breast cancer in Iraqi female patients, in relation to certain risk factors.
Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted on 100 consecutive female patients, with stage I and stage II breast cancer treated by mastectomy and axillary dissection by the same team. Patients were assessed postoperatively every three months and recurrences were detected by physical examination and ultr

Back ground: Microbial penetration inside the implant's internal hole creates a bacterial reservoir that is related with an area of inflamed connective tissue opposite the fixture-abutment junction and this can affect the health of the peri-implant tissue. Aims of the study: Evaluate the types aerobic and anaerobic bacterial count-percentage and difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic microflora in the implant screw hole three months after implant placement. Monitor the periodontal health status of all patients, throughout the study. Material and methods: Study methodology; Eight partially edentulous patients received 20 dental implants and these implants done with flapless surgical procedure. All patients examined clinically to determined