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Dispersion in a Gas Filled Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber
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Hollow core photonic bandgap fibers provide a new geometry for the realization and enhancement of many nonlinear optical effects. Such fibers offer novel guidance and dispersion properties that provide an advantage over conventional fibers for various applications. Dispersion, which expresses the variation with wavelength of the guided-mode group velocity, is one of the most important properties of optical fibers. Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) offer much larger flexibility than conventional fibers with respect to tailoring of the dispersion curve. This is partly due to the large refractive-index contrast available in the silica/air microstructures, and partly due to the possibility of making complex refractive-index structure over the fiber cross section. In this paper the fundamental physical mechanism has been discussed determining the dispersion properties of PCFs, and the dispersion in a gas filled hollow core photonic crystal fiber has been calculated. We calculate the dispersion of air filled hollow core photonic crystal fiber, also calculate the dispersion of N2 gas filled hollow core photonic crystal fiber and finally we calculate the dispersion of He gas filled hollow core photonic crystal fiber.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 02 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science Academic Research
EFFECT OF ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L. ON SERUM ENZYMES IN RATS AND EVALUATION OF α‐AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 16 2022
Journal Name
Arab Journal For Plant Protection
Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis Isolates and Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Cellulase Enzyme Activity in Workers' Digestive System of the Termite Microcerotermes diversus Silv
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Kamel, S.H., R.F. Al-Jassani and H.A. Al-Shammari. 2022. Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis Isolates and Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Cellulase Enzyme Activity in Workers' Digestive System of the Termite Microcerotermes diversus Silv. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(4): 315-324. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.4.315324 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different bacterial isolates of P. fluorescens and B. t. tenebrionis and silver nanoparticles on the activity of the cellulase enzyme in termites' middle digestive system and its role in glucose release by treating cellulose media with bacterial strains and nanoparticles. Ultraviolet spectroscopy re

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Procedia Economics And Finance
The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing on Relationship between IT Capability and IT Support as Predictors of Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study on Mobile Companies in Iraq
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Serum Soluble Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Level and Its Potential Association With The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Non-Hypertensive Iraqi COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study
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Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) which utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) to invade the host cells. This membrane-bound peptidase is widely distributed in the body; its activity antagonizes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Once SARS-Cov2 enters the cell, it causes downregulation of ACE2, resulting in the unopposed activation of RAAS. The unregulated activity of the RAAS system can deteriorate the prognosis in COVID-19 patients. A soluble form of ACE2 (sACE2) was reported to have a role in the SARS-Cov2 invasion of the susceptible cells.

Aim of the study: This study aims to inve

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 11 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
Investigating the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser agitation of sodium hypochlorite on the removal of mature biofilm in the complex root canal systems using atomic force microscopy
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Background. Endodontic infections caused by remaining biofilm following disinfection with chemical fluids encourage secondary bacterial infection; hence, employing laser pulses to activate the fluids is advised to improve microbial biofilm clearance. This study investigated the performance of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) agitation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to enhance the removal of mature Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms in complex root canal systems. Methods. The mesial roots of the lower first and second molars were separated and inoculated with E. faecalis bacteria for 30 days. The roots were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl, some of them were agitated with passive ultrasonic

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciências
Molecular characterization of viruses associated to leaf curl disease complex on zucchini squash in Iraq reveals Deng primer set could distinguish between New and Old World Begomoviruses
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
EFFECT OF INJECTED DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Moringa oleifera LEAVES POWDER IN HATCHING EGGS OF ADVANCED AGE OF BROILER BREEDERS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASSES OF BROILER CHICKENS: EFFECT OF INJECTED DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Moringa oleifera LEAVES POWDER IN HATCHING EGGS OF ADVANCED AGE OF BROILER BREEDERS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASSES OF BROILER CHICKENS
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This experiment was conducted to study the effect of injecting hatching eggs into a flock of broiler aged mothers with different concentrations of the alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera powder on productive performance of broilers during the period of rearing of 35 days. The study included two experiments for a period at 2/10/2021 to 28/11/2021, where eggs were injected into the Mustafa Poultry Hatchery/ Wasit Governorate- Aziziyah District. A 400 hatching eggs of 308 Ross  mothers of modern broilers used at age  of 48  week, eggs of average weight  66 ± 1 g/egg were collected in same day then stored for two days. A quarter of treatments were randomly distributed with 100 eggs for each treatment.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Difficulties toward third level students in the department of Arabic language for both Education for Women College and Ibn Rushd/University of Baghdad for the studying of Arabic language curriculum: Difficulties toward third level students in the department of Arabic language for both Education for Women College and Ibn Rushd/University of Baghdad for the studying of Arabic language curriculum
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Abstract
The curriculum is amodern science which reflects the social philosophy and
what it needs . It searches for amothod that limits the knowledge that the
indiridual gets in the society and the sorts of the culture that suits the enrironment
in which they live. It also clears for them their history and their great in heritance.
It has a great in flunce in their mental growth ,and it teacher the students new
roles in the thin king ,and training then on what they have learned . According to
there points the problem concentrats on the mostimpotant difficulties which facer
thestudents in studing Arabic langnage text-books
In spite of the great care that the text taker but it is full of subjects and studies
w

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Effect of Local Feldspar on the Properties of Self Compacting Concrete
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This research of using Feldspar in the production self compacting concrete (SCC) ( 5,10,15 )% as partial replacement by weight of cement .In this research some of fresh properties of SCC ( slump flow used V-funnel test and filling ability used ( U- box test ) for concrete mixes and also some of the harden properties of SCC ( compressive and flexural tests ). The research results showed that negative effect of Feldspar on the fresh properties of self compacting concrete but the positive effect of Feldspar on the harden properties of self compacting concrete .

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect ofweight percentage chopped carbon fibers on the mechanism of cracks propagation for Epoxy composites
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In this research, the mechanism of cracks propagation for epoxy/ chopped carbon fibers composites have been investigated .Carbon fibers (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) by weight were used to reinforce epoxy resin. Bending test was carried out to evaluate the flexural strength in order to explain the mechanism of cracks propagation. It was found that, the flexural strength will increase with increasing the percentage weight for carbon fibers. At low stresses, the cracks will state at the lower surface for the specimen. Increasing the stresses will accelerate the speed of cracks until fracture accorded .The path of cracks is changed according to the distributions of carbon fibers

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