Apparent molar volume, V?, and viscosity B-coefficient of nicotinc acid in water and in aqueous NaCl solutions have been determined from density and viscosity measurements at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. The experimental density data were evaluated by Masson equation, and the derived, apparent molar volume at infinite dilution, Vo?, and the slope Sv, were interpreted in term of solute-solvent and solute- solute interactions. Transfer apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution of nicotinic acid from water to NaCl solutions at various temperatures have been calculated.The viscosity data have been analyzed using Jones-Dole equation, and the derived parameters, Jones-Dolecoefficient, B,and Falkenhagen coefficient,A, have been also interpreted in terms of solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions respectively. The variation of B coefficient with temperature, (dB/dT), was also determined, the negative values indicate that nicotinic acid in aqueous NaCl solution is structure making. The results were interpreted in terms of complex vitamin-water-co-solute (NaCl) interactions. The free energy, enthalpy, andentropy of activation were calculated using the Nightingale, Benck, and Eyring equations. Free energies of activation of viscous flow ( *1) per mole, and, ( *2) per mole,of solvent and solute, respectively, were also calculated. The effects of soluteson the structure of water were interpreted in terms of viscositiesand the thermodynamic parameters.
August Wilson’s major concern is to communicate the African American cultural awareness; to establish a counter-culture based on self-confidence and assertiveness. He advocates an encouraging attitude to elevate the African Americans’ spiritual consciousness and to teach them how to sublimate their aims in life. He aspires to win the everlasting battle against racial discrimination, oppression, injustice, and identity confusion. Sublimation, as a defense mechanism, will be Wilson’s new ammunition to re-read and to re-interpret the psychic constitution of his people, to help them get out of their self-imposed fences and this is the core of Wilson’s new culture. Sublimation is the process in which the psyche directs the negative drive
... Show MoreThe Turkish intervention in the Libyan crisis in the recent period was a trigger for more tension than a solution - as Turkey claims - as Turkey seeks to quickly set a welcome military footing in Libya to prevent the reconciliation government from falling and planning to start exploration for gas and oil in Libya to solve the Turkish energy crisis, that is, the energy exchange for security and trying to exploit the situation to establish a new gathering of proTurkish political Islam, as for the Iranian position on the Libyan crisis, it does not exceed a logistical role and provide Turkey with expertise in circumventing international sanctions and assisting it in transporting fighters and weapons to Libya, Iran has also deliberately added so
... Show MoreCloud computing is a newly developed concept that aims to provide computing resources in the most effective and economical manner. The fundamental idea of cloud computing is to share computing resources among a user group. Cloud computing security is a collection of control-based techniques and strategies that intends to comply with regulatory compliance rules and protect cloud computing-related information, data apps, and infrastructure. On the other hand, data integrity is a guarantee that the digital data are not corrupted, and that only those authorized people can access or modify them (i.e., maintain data consistency, accuracy, and confidence). This review presents an overview of cloud computing concepts, its importance in many
... Show MorePhysicians are infrequently selected to serve in the yearlong role of Jefferson Science Fellow (JSF) as senior science advisor for the US Department of State or the United States Agency for International Development. The authors discuss the role of a JSF in promoting “science diplomacy” from the perspective of one alumnus, who sites examples of ongoing, long-term collaborative projects including one focusing on medical education reform in Iraq that would not have been possible without the JSF program. More than 3 decades of political and social unrest, terrorism, the internal displacement of millions of Iraqi citizens, the arrival of Syrian refugees, international sanctions, and the effect of fluctuating oil prices that fund education i
... Show MoreOne of the management accounting tools is responsible accounting. In this system, the organisation is divided into responsibility centres that help to connect an individual performance responsible to perform through a combined system of reports according to the implementation of the mechanism of exception tools which gives assistance in planning. The exploitation of the organisation's available resources is achieved through the application of responsible accounting. Also, the best exploitation will lead to the provision of low-cost products through the disposal of all types of waste or loss during the cost centres. By providing products at a lower cost and satisfying the wishes of the needs of customers, the result reflects the competitive
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The research aims to diagnose the relationship between the environmental tax and the development of the sustainable social dimension, where the environmental tax is considered a tool in promoting sustainable development according to its economic, social and environmental dimensions through the application of legislation and instructions for environmental protection, and that imposing an environmental tax will have a clear impact in achieving the dimensions of sustainable development and compliance With regard to the social dimension, the research relied on the financial data for the years (2019-2022) in obtaining information. The research reached a set of results, the most prominent of which was
... Show MoreThe problem of poverty and deprivation constitute a humanitarian tragedy and its continuation may threaten the political achievements reached by the State. Iraq, in particular, and although he is one of the very rich countries due to availability of huge economic wealth, poverty indicators are still high. In addition, the main factor in the decline in the standard of living due to the weakness of the government's performance in the delivery of public services of water, electricity and sanitation. Thus, the guide for human development has been addressed which express the achievements that the state can be achieved both on a physical level or on the human level, so in order to put appropriate strategies and policies aimed at elimin
... Show MoreThe present study attempts to give a detailed discussion and analysis of parenthetical constructions in English and Arabic, the aim being to pinpoint the points of similarity and difference between the two languages in this particular linguistic area.The study claims that various types of constructions in English and Arabic could be considered parenthetical; these include non-restrictive relative clauses, non-restrictive appositives, comment clauses, vocatives, interjections, among others. These are going to be identified, classified, and analyzed according to the Quirk grammar - the approach to grammatical description pioneered by Randolph Quirk and his associates, and published in a series of reference grammars during the 1970
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