Phenotypic And genotypic characteristics of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi have been determined for 29 isolates, from Baghdad in 2007. Conventional typing methods were performed by biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Molecular typing performed by analysis plasmid DNA beside using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR). For the latter, two universal primers that have selected for the high discriminatory power were used for RAPD analysis. All isolates were belong one biotype according to the differention by their ability to decarboxylat lysine, 29(100%) were lysine (+). All the isolates were susceptible to the Antibiotics used. However, all the strains free of plasmids. RAPD was capable of grouping the strains in 6 genotypic patterns using primer 784, in 4 genotypic patterns using primer 787. Conventional phenotypic typing methods, as well as the DNA plasmid analysis, presented non significant discriminatory power; however, RAPD-PCR analysis showed discriminatory power, reproducibility, easy interpretation and can be considered as a promising alternative typing method for S. Typhi.
Background. Echinococcosis/ hydatitdosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the infestation of the larval form of the tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus .The Liver, lungs, and kidneys are the common areas of infestation.Objectives: To describe hydatid disease in hospitalized patients from a clinico-epidemiological perspectives.Methods:: A retrospective study was conducted over a period of 6 months extending from 15th of November 2011 to the 15th of May 2012 by reviewing records of 125 patients who were hospitalized at Baghdad Teaching Hospital during 2011and received medical and surgical treatment for hydatid cyst disease. The information covered the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the patientsResults:.The presen
... Show MoreBackground: Most adult smokers start smoking regularly some time before 18 years of age. Cigarette smoking is a major ‘preventable’ cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is well-known that smoking has hazardous effect on many systems like pulmonary and cardiovascular system.
Objectives: Study the prevalence of smoking among school pupils according to the mode of smoking, age, school grade, school environment and possible health risk associated with smoking. Type of the study: A cross-sectional study.
Methods: Study was conducted between 1st of March 2014 to 30th of May 2014 at Al-Doura/Al- Kurkh/Baghdad by using convenient sample, including all pupils from 6 schools. The schools were 2 secondary schools, 3 in
... Show MoreA study of some biological aspects of the crustacean Isopod procellio scaber was carried out for the period April 2003 to march 2004 . The study consisted reproductive and morphological characteristies such as size , weight and length of the body . The result showed that the highest population density of P. scaber was 1120 individual/m2 in September 2003 and less density 403 ind/m2 in February 2004. The density was generally high in Spring and Autumn, low in Summer and Winter months.An increase of the sexual ratio appear in the females number compared to males number (p < 0.05) during most of year. Present study showed non significant increase in the length and dry weight for females compared to males in most of year months. There wer
... Show MoreObjective: to evaluate the increase in weight after biological agents and the association of weight gain with the body mass index among a sample of patients attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital Methods: A prospective study is carried out in Baghdad teaching hospital biological units and outpatient clinic of rheumatology for a period of one year starting On April 2015 and ending on March 2016. 120 patients were included in the study 40 psoriatic arthritis .40 ankylosing spondylitis and 40 rheumatoid arthritis Results : The study findings indicate that significance differences are seen regarding weight gain and b
The progress of science in all its branches and levels made great civilized changes of
our societies in the present day, it's a result of the huge amount of knowledge, the increase of
number of students, and the increase of community awareness proportion of the importance of
education in schools and universities, it became necessary for us as educators to look at
science from another point of view based on the idea of scientific development of curricula
and teaching methods and means of education, and for the studying class environment as a
whole, by computer and internet use in education to the emergence of the term education
technology, which relies on the use of modern technology to provide educational content to<
Objectives: To identify the effectiveness of instructional program concerning premarital screening of sexual transmitted disease on student's knowledge at Baghdad University and examine the relationship between students' knowledge and certain studied variables. And hypothesis for this study; There is a difference in university student’s knowledge toward premarital screening between pre and posttests of instructional program. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest approach) was conducted at six colleges and its college of education ibn rushd, college of political science, college of law, college of literatur
The aims of research is to identify the role of strategic human resource management Practices in organizational performance improvement in the Baghdad soft drinks company, as well as the implications of the results for both managers and practitioners.
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher designed questionnaire included (40) items to collect the initial data from the research sample consisting of (53) Single. In light of that has been collecting and analyzing data and test hypotheses using the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS21), and use a number of statistical methods to achieve the goal of the research, including the means, standard deviations and simple correla
... Show MoreThis paper aims to study the effects of the long term solar activity on the critical frequencies of ionospheric F1 layer over Baghdad city, during the solar cycle 22, within (1988- 1995). It is found that the critical frequency of this layer is closely related to the sunspots number during the years of the solar cycle 22, at a middle latitude region of the world. The study discussed the effect of sunspot numbers and solar events on the electron densities of F1 layer, which is the most important ionospheric parameter.