Tin oxide films (SnO2) of thickness (1 ?m) are prepared on glass substrate by post oxidation of metal films technique. Films were irradiated with Nd:YAG double frequency laser of wavelength (532 nm) pulses of three energies (100, 500, 1000) mJ. The optical absorption, transmission, reflectance, refractive index and optical conductivity of these films are investigated in the UV-Vis region (200-900) nm. It was found that the average transmittance of the films is around (80%) at wavelength (550 nm) and showed high transmission (? 90 %) in the visible and near infrared region. The absorption edge shifts towards higher energies, which is due to the Moss-Burstien effect and it lies at (4 eV). The optical band gap increased with increasing of energy.
In this paper, experimental study has been done for temperature distribution in space conditioned with Ventilation Hollow Core Slab (TermoDeck) system. The experiments were carried out on a model room with dimensions of (1m 1.2m 1m) that was built according to a suitable scale factor of (1/4). The temperature distributions was measured by 59 thermocouples fixed in several locations in the test room. Two cases were considered in this work, the first one during unoccupied period at night time (without external load) and the other at day period with external load of 800W/m2 according to solar heat gain calculations during summer season in Iraq. All results confirm the use of TermoDeck system for ventilation and cooling/heat
... Show MoreAn optoelectronic flow-through detector for active ingredients determination in pharmaceutical formulations is explained. Two consecutive compact photodetector’s devices operating according to light-emitting diodes-solar cells concept where the LEDs acting as a light source and solar cells for measuring the attenuated light of the incident light at 180˚ have been developed. The turbidimetric detector, fabricated of ten light-emitting diodes and five solar cells only, integrated with a glass flow cell has been easily adapted in flow injection analysis manifold system. For active ingredients determination, the developed detector was successfully utilized for the development and validation of an analytical method for warfarin determination
... Show MoreThe "Nudge" Theory is considered one of the most recent theories, which is clear in the economic, health, and educational sectors, due to the intensity of studies on it and its applications, but it has not yet been included in crime prevention studies. The use of Nudge theory appears to enrich the theory in the field of crime prevention, and to provide modern, effective, and implementable mechanisms.
The study deals with the "integrative review" approach, which is a distinctive form of research that generates new knowledge on a topic through reviewing, criticizing, and synthesizing representative literature on the topic in an integrated manner so that new frameworks and perspectives are created around it.
The study is bas
... Show MoreBackground: Oral health is a mirror of general health. During pregnancy, oral health is affected by changes in saliva and oral hygiene measures which may lead to more dental caries.
Objective: Assess oral health status in relation to salivary antimicrobial peptides in pregnant women.
Subjects and Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in different primary health care centers in Rusafa sectors/ Baghdad city. The total sample included was 80 women (their age range from 21-30). The study group consisted of 40 pregnant women: half of them were in the first trimester and others were in third trimester, while the control group included 40 non-pregnant married fem
... Show Moreتم التطرق في هذا البحث الى دور الذكاء الاصطناعي والتكنولوجيا الحديثة في العملية التدريبية بما يخدم أهدافه والاستفادة منه من خلال المخرجات الجيدة، حيث ان توظيف التكنولوجيا في تدريب رياضة المبارزة يسهل العملية التدريبية على المدرب واللاعب ويساهم في تقليل الجهد المبذول والوقت المستغرق ، وهدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير الجهاز المصنع في ضبط المسافة بين القدمين لدى عينة البحث ،استخدم المنهج التجريبي بت
... Show MoreThis research deals with the most important indicators used to measure the phenomenon of financial depth, beyond the traditional indicators, which are called quantitative indicators, which is shown to be inadequate to show the facts accurately, but it may come in the results of a counterfactual, although reliable in econometric studies done in this regard.
Therefore, this research has sought to put forward alternative indicators, is the structural indicators, and financial prices, and availability of financial instruments, and cost of transactions concluded, in order to measure the phenomenon of financial depth.
After using and analyzing data collected from countries the research
... Show MoreBackground Median sternotomy is the gold standard incision for most cardiac operations. However, with the advent of minimal invasive surgery, a new approach emerged in cardiac surgery named mini-sternotomy and has been successfully used to perform a variety of operations.
The aim of this paper is to present our experience of using mini-sternotomy to harvest the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) for off-pump revascularization of the left anterior descending artery (LAD)
Methodology Over a 2-year period (October 2012-October 2014), 100 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) via conventional median sternotomy (CMS) (n=80) and mini-sternotomy (MS) (n=20). The
... Show MoreThe problem of the current research addressed the close link between the psychological stress and social isolation as behavior and experience, as well as, the stress of the displaced pupils by the sense of alienation and isolation from the society to which they had moved. It reflects a sense of mystery to the displaced pupils about their lives in the present and future. Therefore, the current research aims to identify the psychological presence and the level of social isolation among secondary school displaced pupils and identify whether there were statistically significant differences in the variables between the displaced pupils (males-females). Moreover, it attempts to identify the relationship between psychological stress and social
... Show MoreImportance of study :
The interesting of industrial sector and developing it after corner stone. It is important to build economic balanced and get behind and front linkage for transformative industrials, and this is important to get balanced.
The value of transformative industry sector is more important than other sectors in economy, and this is reflect the capital in industrial sector .Industry sector is larger than other sectors ,so it regards the motive which moving the economic wheel .
The problem :
The research treats reduction and retreat the ind
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