Background :Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was a widely used marker for skeletal and hepatobiliary disorders, but its activity was also increased in atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease. Several study has showed that ALP activity was increased in the sera of diabetic patients. The current study was conducted to evaluate ALP activity in type 2 diabetic patients and optimum conditions for enzyme activity in their sera.Methods: This study was carried out at in AL-Yarmok hospital(diabetic center) between February /2009 and April /2009. Fifty two patients with type 2 diabetes have been enrolled. Besides BMI, WHR, serum fasting blood glucose, ALP, HbA1C,uric acid and lipid profile levels have been performed .The relationship bet

The present study aimed to investigate the acetamiprid effects on biochemical aspects in albino mice. Thirty albino mice at the age of 6-8 weeks and average weight 25±5 g were divided into three groups each having ten (10) healthy mice. The first group was orally administrated with distilled water while the second and third groups were orally administrated with 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL respectively of acetamprid (0.1 mL) daily for one week. LD50 of acetamiprid was measured and found to be 200 mg/kg. The parameters of evaluations included liver function using Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). Lipid profile was anal

Background: Anaemia is a major public health concern and is one of the most prevalent health issue in women within reproductive age group.

Objective: to assess maternal knowledge related to anaemia during pregnancy.

Type of the study: A cross –sectional study.

Method: The study including 200 mothers who attended selected primary health care centres, Baghdad during November and December 2015, they completed a previously prepared questionnaire coveringsocio-demographic characteristics and knowledge regarding anaemia in 4 main domains. The responses were analysed by using frequency, percentage and percent score for each statement a

The present study aims to evaluate the effects of methotrexate (MTX) with and without vitamin A (Vit. A) on some biochemical parameters and histological structure in male rabbits liver. Twenty male rabbits weighing 1250-1480 gm were divided into four equal number groups. The first group was given 2 ml distilled water as control group. The second group was given MTX (20 mg/kg), the third group was given Vit. A (5000 IU), while the fourth group was given MTX (20 mg/kg) +Vit. A (5000 IU) in alternative days. Following four weeks of treatment, lipid profile total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), [low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)]; in addition to thyroid hormones tr

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for the efficient functioning of living organisms. Cu can enter the body in different ways, and when it surpasses the range of biological tolerance, it can have negative consequences. The use of different nanoparticles, especially metal oxide nanoparticles, is increasingly being expanded in the fields of industry and biomedical materials. However, the impact of these nanoparticles on human health is still not completely elucidated. This comparative study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and copper sulphate (CuSO4 0.5 (H2O)) on infertility and reproductive function in male albino mice BALB/c. Body weight, the weight of male reproductive organs, mal

Breast cancer is one of the most widespread cancers,depending on World Health Organization, cancer calculated for approximately 7.6 million incidences in 2008, whoever expected elevation in incidence is about 13.1 million in 2030. So that the current research investigates vitamin D role in the occurrence of this disease and explains if vitamin D has a positive effect on the incidence of disease, as well as measuring parathyroid hormone and estrogen levels. Three groups were included in this analysis: control healthy women, benign and malignant breast tumor women. All cases that were selected at the beginning of the disease diagnosis. According to statistical values vitamin D showed highly significant (P<0.001) decrease in benign (3.74±2.33

This study was conducted to determine the side effects of dexamethasone n some physiological and immunological criteria, which included, Measuring sugar level, liver (ALT, AST , LDH, Total protein) and kidney function (urea, createnine), total and differential count of W.B.C,CRP, TNF-α ,IL6,IL10. thirty rats were divided into two groups (15\ rat). G1: This group was considered negative control injection with normal saline, G2: This group was injected with 2 mg\kg dexamethasone. The results showed a significant increase in the level of enzymesALT, AST and sugar levels and decreased level of total protein in the group treated with the drug, also showed, a significant decrease in the total number of W.B.C an

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) could be regarded as a set of chronic metabolic disorders which have a common aspect of hyperglycemia. The resistance in the peripheral actions of insulin or impaired insulin secretion could be the reason  hepcidin which is a peptide hormone derived from liver, in systemic iron homeostasis is an essential regulator, and its lopsided production participates in the pathogenesis of iron disorders in spectrum. Osteoporosis often accompanies many diseases like ß-thalassemia, hemochromatosis, sickle liver diseases, cell disease and hemosiderosis featured by iron overload, evidences suggest that Iron overload and iron deficiency are suggested by evidences that they affect bone in a negative way, acting

Background: Diabetic patients have been reported to be more susceptible to gingivitis and periodontitis than healthy subjects. Many intracellular enzymes like (alkaline phosphatase- (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase- (AST) and alanine aminotransferase- (ALT) that are released outside cells into the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva after destruction of periodontal tissue during periodontitis. This study was conducted to determine the periodontal health status and the levels of salivary enzymes (ALP, AST and ALT) of the study and control groups and to correlate the levels of these enzymes with clinical periodontal parameters in each study group. Subjects, Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects were enrolled in the study, with a

Objectives: To study the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and to find out the degree of
iron deficiency anemia and to find out any association this has been found between the socio- demographic
characteristics and the degree of iron deficiency anemia.
Methodology: A cross sectional study has been conducted in Ibn-Albaldy hospital in Baghdad among 258
pregnant women attending outpatient clinics during the period from the 1st of March 2011 to fifteenth of
October 2011. Data collection was by using a previously designed questionnaire including socio-demographic
characteristics, obstetrical history. A blood sample has been obtained to estimate the hemoglobin, mean
corpuscular volume, serum iron and