In this study, the chamomile flowers (Matricaria recutitaL) which grow in Iraqi Kurdistan region during the seasons of (2008) are collected. The percentage of essential oil was determined by using steam distillation and the extraction of flowers performed with petroleum ether (70-80) ºC and methanol 70% using ultrasonic extraction. Total phenolic compounds were determined from methanol extracts by using Folin-Ciocalteu method. The extracts were evaluated by thin layer chromatography, ultraviolet absorption and the biological activities were evaluated through their antibacterial action against two types of bacteria using hole method. The flowers showed a composition of 0.071% ash, 0.4% essential oil, 3.2% non oily compounds, 4% oil, 1.9% moisture and 0.19% total phenols. The results showed that the flowers contain biological active compounds and they can be used for treatment of diseases.
Ternary polymer blend of chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol/ poly vinyl pyrrolidone was prepared by solution castingmethod, nanocomposite was prepared by sonication method with nano Ag and Zn. All prepared compounds have been characterizedby FT-IR, SEM, DSC, as well as Biological activity. Antimicrobialactivity related to prepared blendsand Nanocomposites againstsix types of bacteria namely, Staphylococcus aureas, E. faecalis, S.typhi, P. aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli andC. albicans fungal were examined and evaluated. The results reveal that the prepared polymer blends and nanocompositeshavegood antimicrobial activity against all kinds of microbials.
Grabisch and Labreuche have recently proposed a generalization of capacities, called the bi-capacities. Recently, a new approach for studying bi-capacities through introducing a notion of ternary-element sets proposed by the author. In this paper, we propose many results such as bipolar Mobius transform, importance index, and interaction index of bi-capacities based on our approach.
إن المقصود باختبارات حسن المطابقة هو التحقق من فرضية العدم القائمة على تطابق مشاهدات أية عينة تحت الدراسة لتوزيع احتمالي معين وترد مثل هكذا حالات في التطبيق العملي بكثرة وفي كافة المجالات وعلى الأخص بحوث علم الوراثة والبحوث الطبية والبحوث الحياتية ,عندما اقترح كلا من Shapiro والعالم Wilk عام 1965 اختبار حسن المطابقة الحدسي مع معالم القياس
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Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Cu(II) ion in aqueous solution by dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 as extractant in dichloroethane was studied .The extraction efficiency was investigated by a spectrophometric method. The reagent form a coloured complex which has been a quantitatively extracted at pH 6.3. The method obeys Beer`s law over range from (2.5-22.5) ppm with the correlation coefficient of 0.9989. The molar absorptivity the stoichiometry of extracted complex is found to be 1:2. the proposed method is very sensitive and selective.
were prepared by condensation of 6-R-2amino bcnzothiazol with Salicyldehyde.These Schiff bases were found to reach with maleic anhydride and citraconic to give
Indole acetic acid (IAA) produced from F. oxysporum (F2) was purified by several steps included extraction by cold ethyl acetate ; Column chromatography using silica gel and TLC chromatography . The pure indole acetic acid (IAA) which produce by F. oxysporum (IAA) was tested by ultraviolet spectra at (200-300)nm ; and appear that the maximum absorbance at 229nm , the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) used to test the purity of the indole acetic acid and the results showed one peak at appearance time 3.822 min
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) is becoming a great known established collaboration process in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. In various cases in many countries, potential benefits and competitive advantages have been reported. However, despite the potentials and benefits of BIM technologies, it is not applied in the construction sector in Iraq just like many other countries of the world. The purpose of this research is to understand the uses and benefits of BIM for construction projects in Iraq. This purpose has been done by establishing a fr |
Mechanical rock properties are essential to minimize many well problems during drilling and production operations. While these properties are crucial in designing optimum mud weights during drilling operations, they are also necessary to reduce the sanding risk during production operations. This study has been conducted on the Zubair sandstone reservoir, located in the south of Iraq. The primary purpose of this study is to develop a set of empirical correlations that can be used to estimate the mechanical rock properties of sandstone reservoirs. The correlations are established using laboratory (static) measurements and well logging (dynamic) data. The results support the evidence that porosity and sonic travel time are consistent i
... Show MoreThe increasing demand for energy has encouraged the development of renewable resources and environmentally benign fuel such as biodiesel. In this study, ethyl fatty esters (EFEs), a major component of biodiesel fuel, were synthesized from soybean oil using sodium ethoxide as a catalyst. By-products were glycerol and difatty acyl urea (DFAU), which has biological characteristics, as antibiotics and antifungal medications. Both EFEs and DFAU have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The optimum conditions were studied as a function of reaction time, reactant molar ratios, catalyst percentage and the effect of organic solvents. The conversion ratio of soybea
... Show MoreLiquefied petroleum gases (LPG) consist of hydrocarbons obtained by refining crude oil, either from propane or butane or a mixture of the two. There are often other components such as propylene, butylene or other hydrocarbons, but they are not the main component. The study aims to review previous studies dealing with designing an LPG system to deliver gas to residential campuses and buildings. LPG is extracted from natural gas NG by several processes, passing through fractionation towers and then pressuring into CNG storage tanks. Gas contains several problems, including gas leakage through the pipes and leads to fires or explosions in LPG storage and distribution tanks, so safety conditions were taken in the design and implementation. T
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