Interferon’s plays a role in innate immune responses through upregulation of costimulatory molecules and induction of proinflammatory cytokines. Interferon alpha (IFN α) type of Interferons. The present study characterized IFNα cDNA . The interferon’s play a great role in protection from infections, caused by microorganisms, and have powerful antiproliferative and immunomodulation activity. In this study DNA was isolated from bovine blood leukocyte, which was used in the quality of matrix for amplification of α-interferon gene with the use of PCR, and isolation of gene α-interferon and transformation in vector pUC18 and expression vector pET24b (+). All plasmids contained an additional DNA fragment size corresponding to the gene

Corrosion rate tests were carried out on carbon steel under concentration cells conditions of oxygen and sodium chloride. The effect of aeration in one compartment on the corrosion rate of both coupled metals was determined. In addition, the effects of time and temperatures on the corrosion rate of both coupled metals and galvanic currents between them were investigated. Corrosion potentials for the whole range of operating conditions under concentration cell conditions were also studied.   The results showed that under aeration condition, the formation of concentration cell caused a considerable corrosion rate of the Carbon steel specimens coupled in different concentrations of O₂ and NaCl due to the galvanic effect

Abstract Background: Articular cartilage lesions in the knee joint are frequently seen,its treatment represents a challenge for orthopedic surgeons especially in young age patients and if left untreated,then they can progress to advanced osteoarthritis that may affect the functional status of the patients.Many treatment modalities had developed for these lesions, in the current study arthroscopic micro fracture plus intra articular whole bone marrow(WBM) injection was used as modality of treating these lesions. Objectives: to assess the effectiveness of arthroscopic micro fracture plus WBM intra articular injection as a treatment modality for knee articular cartilage lesions. Patients and Methods : a prospective experimental study was perf

Erythrocytes aggregation is an important physiological phenomenon in the circulation of blood, and is a basic characteristic of normal blood that plays a major role in cardiovascular system especially in the microcirculation. Blood samples have been taken from (30) volunteers (15 male, and 15 female), their ages (20-30) years. The Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate (ESR) for those subjects was measured at different Packed Cells Volume (PCV) (10%-25%), and also it was measured at different temperature (10oC-25oC). The results show that there was a highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in ESR when the PCV increase and a highly significant increase (P<0.01) in ESR when the temperatures increase. The conclusion from these results is that the ESR va

Serum and hone marrow levels 0f ptostatic specific antigen a!ld prostatic

acid   phosphatase were-   analyzed   n .d q !antUI·ed  by    Glottble     antibody

.raqioimrrumoa,ssay in 3.6 _pros·tatic cance-r , patietll$inc!udlng 2'3 with metaStatic

c:anc.et.  There  was :a  s·i.gn·ifl.co.m  cotneJa·,ion   betw¢en·   th.e 'Setl;liD   a,n,d  bope

mat::tow: levels  of Jlrostatic· ·s, pecific antigen and prqstati'c  acid  pho phata.Se

jndependently of the m.et ta:st;s (p< .QO: O 1 ).. Np p·ath;nt ·willprqsta,ticancer

:and  p

Semliki Forest Virus (SFV), a member of the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae family, is a small-enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus. The virus is spread by mosquitos and can infect humans, resulting in mild febrile disease with symptoms that include fever, myalgia, arthralgia, persistent headaches and asthenia.  Virulent strains of SFV in mice cause lethal encephalitis by infecting neurons in the central nervous system. In on-going experiments in the research group using a focused siRNA screen we have investigated the role of deubiquitylases (DUBs) during SFV infection (as a model alphavirus) and monitored the effect of DUB depletion on cell viability after infection. We identified a group of DUBs that h

Background: Leishmaniasis is important public
health problem owing to its impact on morbidity
and mortality and difficulties in application of
effective control measures.
Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the
using of impregnate bed nets in the control of
leishmaniasis.
Methods: The study was conducted throughout
the years 2004 and 2005, in Diala Governorate
(about 60km north-east Baghdad). This is the first
study in Iraq for evaluation of the impregnated bed
net in control of leishmaniasis. Two villages were
selected to achieve this aim. The nets were
distributed for the first village to be used by their
population. The second village was served as
control.

Results: The