Shehadt 683 fish of different fish present in the tank Haditha Dam during the period of February 1993 and the end Maes 1994 to identify the nutritional content of the digestive tract or the stomach for these fish and their impact on the environment of the tank and found that Fish fine linen and Alhalg animal feeding predators feed on small fish, mainly the fish brown plantnutrition

This article suggests and explores a three-species food chain model that includes fear effects, refuges depending on predators, and cannibalism at the second level. The Holling type II functional response determines food consumption between stages of the food chain. This study examined the long-term behavior and impacts of the suggested model's essential elements. The model's solution properties were studied. The existence and stability of every probable equilibrium point were examined. The persistence needs of the system have been determined. It was discovered what conditions could lead to local bifurcation at equilibrium points. Appropriate Lyapunov functions are utilized to investigate the overall dynamics of the system. To support the a

    The effect of local Lactobacillus gasseri filtrate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice was studied . 0.25 ml of concentrated filtrate Lactobacillus gasseri was injected in intraperitoneally ( I.P.) 5 days before challenge with 0.2 ml  viable  P. aeruginosa ( 10 8  cell/ ml).       Animals were sacrificed after 12 h. from challenge by cutting the femoral artery . To follow bacterial growth in the peritoneal cavity , its contents were washed out with 5 ml of  PBS .The fluid was diluted, 0.1 ml from each dilution and was spread on culture media. The number of colonies in 5 ml of harvested fluid was expressed as Log 10 CFU ,and the percentage of Macrophage in t

The study was trail to treated secondary hydatid cysts in white micepost-infection with Echinococcosis of sheep origin, by immunization with a mixture of CFAgs/PSAgs prepared from haydatid Cyst Fluid antigens (CFAgs) and Proto scolices antigens (PSAgs) respectively, two concentrations (7.5 &15 mg/ml) in addition to two derivatives of benzimidazole; albendazole (A) and mebendazole (M) 10 and 40μg/gm body weight, respectively, one week after challenged dose with protoscolices. to determine the efficacy of immunization and chemotherapy simultaneously in reduction the number of growing cysts, then measured both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Results: elevation the immune responses that reflected decrease number and diameter of hydatid cys

We propose an intraguild predation ecological system consisting of a tri-trophic food web with a fear response for the basal prey and a Lotka–Volterra functional response for predation by both a specialist predator (intraguild prey) and a generalist predator (intraguild predator), which we call the superpredator. We prove the positivity, existence, uniqueness, and boundedness of solutions, determine all equilibrium points, prove global stability, determine local bifurcations, and illustrate our results with numerical simulations. An unexpected outcome of the prey's fear of its specialist predator is the potential eradication of the superpredator.

This study was conducted to detect C.sakazakii PIF and raw milk. Two hundred samples of PIF were taken from the infected hospital infants who used this type of milk and from the local markets in addition to 16 sample of raw milk were collected. The study is the first to report the isolation of C. sakazakii and Enterobacter spp. from raw milk in Iraq. The distribution of C.sakazakii and Enterobacter spp. among the presumptive isolates using Vitek-GN2 system gave 1/16(6.25%) isolates of C.sakazakii and 4/16 (25%) isolates of Enterobacter spp. Enterobacter spp. isolates include (E.cloacae ssp. cloacae and E.cloacae ssp. dissolvens, E.hormaechei, and E.ludwigii) that isolate from raw milk Differences in between percentages of each isolate perse

The present study aimed to examine the effect of endosulfan insecticide on some molecular and biochemical parameters in white mice. Thirty mice were separated randomly into three groups for treatment with endosulfan. One group (G1) served as the control, while the other two groups received intraperitoneal injections of endosulfan G2 (3 mg/kg) and G3 (17 mg/kg) twice a week for 21 and 45 days, respectively. A biochemical study by measuring liver  function parameters, including (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) and kidney function parameters, including (Blood Urea and Creatinine) and malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity (CAT). This study also tested DNA damage by comet assay (normal%, low%, med

Amino acids are the basic building block for peptides and proteins. They are raw materials for generating hormones, purines, pyrimidines and vitamins. Amino acids also provide the body with energy through their carbon structures. The study analyzed the amino acid in the kidneys of the albino mice embryo at 17 and 19 gestation days, using a high-performance liquid chromatography device (HPLC). Samples were obtained after removing them from the embryo and placing them in an ice bath to prevent cell lysis and acid loss. The study found 18 amino acids in the kidneys of the albino mice embryo. They are Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Glu), Serine (Ser), Glycine (Gly), Threonine (Thr), Histidine (His), Cysteine (Cys), Alanine (Ala), Proline