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Formulation and Clinical Evaluation of Orphenadrine citrate as a Plain Tablet
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Orphenadrine is an anticholinergic ,antimuscarinic , centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant .It presents in the form of citrate and HCl salts which are used in treatment of the symptoms of mild Parkinson's disease and also it is used as adjuvant with other drugs in the therapy .

      Many trials were made to formulate Orphenadrine citrate as a plain tablet using wet granulation or direct compression technique in order to get a satisfactory formula through studying the effect of various factors such as binders , diluents and disintegrants types .

    The best formula was obtained by using Poly Vinyl Pyrolidine (PVP) as a binder also the results indicated that starch and mannitol gave acceptable physical properties to the tablets when they were used as diluents . At the same time , the results showed that Avicel which was used as a disintegrant gave an acceptable disintegration and dissolution time in comparison with the reference tablet DISIPAL Ã’. In addition , the selected formula was used to study the effect of method of incorporation of disintegrant on the physical properties of tablets .It was found that the intragranular incorporation resulted in a shorter disintegration and dissolution times .The stability of Orphenadrine  citrate prepared tablets was also studied upon storage at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C for four months .The drug was fairly stable and the expiration date for the prepared tablet was considered to be equal for 5 years .On the other hand , the results of clinical study on patients suffering from Parkinson's disease indicated that patients with tremor (regular rhythmic oscillation of extremities especially hand and finger ) and mild symptoms of Parkinson's disease showed a good response to the prepared tablets , but it had no effect on patients of dystonia ( fixed upward gaze , neck twisting ,clenching jaws ) and akinesia ( slow down of movement of voluntary muscle and difficulty of initiation of movement ).

     The overall results of this study indicate that the drug can be prepared as tablets , which fit the requirements of British Pharmacopoeia since the prepared tablets gave satisfactory results .

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 22 2022
Journal Name
Fine Art Journal
Spatial relationships and their impact on monumental sculptures (arab capitals as a model)
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The current research deals with spatial relations as a tool to link urban landmarks in a homogeneous composition with monumental sculptures, by identifying these landmarks and the extent of their impact on them, which constitutes an urgent need to evaluate the appropriate place and its effects on them, so that this analytical study is a critical approach adopted in artistic studies of monumental models in Arabcapitals .The current research came in four chapters, the first chapter of which dealt with the research problem, its importance and the need for it, then its objectives that were determined in revealing the spatial relations and their impact on

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
المجلة السياسية والدولية
Foreign Policy and Asymmetric Threats The United States after 2001 as a model
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يشهد المسرح الدولي قضايا مستجدة ومستحدثة مثل تعدد الفاعلين من الدول ومن غير الدول وتزايد مساحات نفوذهم وتأثيرهم ،ومن جانب اخر أثرت جائحة كورونا على البيئة والمناخ بشكل ملموس على جوانب عدة. فضلا عن ذلك تأثرت جميع المجتمعات البشرية بالإرهاب والهجمات الالكترونية وغيرها ومن بينها دول والمجتمع الدولي بإفراده مؤسسات وكيان اقتصادي وسياسي وقانوني وأمني وامتداد اثاره واسبابه الكثيرة والمتداخلة وما يثيره من خلق حا

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Comparison between Rowatinex and Tamsulosin as a Medical Expulsion Therapy for Ureteral Stone
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The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rowatinex and tamsulosin in the treatment of patients with ureteric stone.

Forty patients with ureteric stone ranged (4- 12) mm, were included in this study. They were randomized into two groups where the first group includes twenty patients treated with Rowatinex three times daily (Group 1), and the second group includes twenty patients treated with tamsulosin 0.4mg/day (Group 2). All patients were randomly assigned to receive the designed standard medical therapy for a maximum of 3 weeks.

Each group was given an antibiotic as prophylaxis and an injectable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used on demand. At the outpatient clinic all subjects were a

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
THE PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS A ROBOT: A LITERARY LOOK AT E-POETRY
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This study examines the validity of e-poetry as an acceptable literary genre. The
thematic, stylistic and esthetic features of a selected number of e-poems produced by
poetry generators are analyzed for this purpose. The e-poems are then compared with a
number of works written by Dada poets in order to establish the literary merit of the
former.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 15 2026
Journal Name
Arab World English Journal
A Social Semiotic Analysis of Instagram as a Multimodal Platform for Supporting EFL Learners
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Social media has become an essential educational tool nowadays. Most existing research on digital learning in EFL contexts has primarily focused on traditional classroom-based instruction and less attention has been paid to social media platforms. The present study aims to fill the gap by using social semiotics to analyze four Instagram posts: two from BBC Learning English (@bbclearningenglish) and the other two from Learn English with Emma (@englishwithemma). Instagram posts are classified as multimodal texts with participatory and representational elements. The study adopts Kress and van Leeuwen’s (2005) Social Semiotic Multimodal Framework to analyze four purposely selected posters by answering the following research questions

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Waste as a resource of economic resources: A case study using environmentalthe index MIP
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Due to increased consumption of resources, especially energy it was necessary to find alternatives characterized by the same quality as well as being of less expensive, and most important of these alternatives are characterized by waste and the fact that humancannot stop consumption. So we  have consideredwaste as an  alternative and cheap economic resources and by using environmental index the MIP (input materials per unit ,unit / service) is based on the grounds that the product is not the end of itselfit is a product to meet the need  of a product or service, awarded a resource input and output within the five basic elements are the raw materials is ecological, Raw materials ecological, water, air and soil erosion for a

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 18 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Genetic And Environment Conservation
Ultrasound application as a new green technology for preservation of table eggs: A review
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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in research demonstrating the new and diverse uses of non-thermal food processing technologies, including more efficient mixing and blending processes, faster energy and mass transfer, lower temperature and selective extraction, reduced thermal and concentration gradients, reduced equipment size, faster response to extraction control, faster start-up, increased production, and a reduction in the number of steps in preparation and processing. Applications of ultrasound technology have indicated that this technology has a promising and significant future in the food industry and preservation, and there is a wide scope for its use due to the higher purity of final products and the

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 28 2025
Journal Name
Polymers
Characterization of a Hydrogel Composite Containing Bioactive Moringa as a Novel Pulp-Capping Material
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Hydrogels are hydrophilic biocompatible polymers that can be used as a drug delivery material in different medical branches, including vital pulp therapy. The aim of this study is to characterize the physical and biological properties of the newly developed formula as a candidate direct pulp-capping material. The hydrogel composite was prepared from natural and synthetic origins (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), hyaluronic acid (HA), and sodium alginate (SA)) with the incorporation of bioactive Moringa. Different formulas of hydrogel containing different concentrations were evaluated for physicochemical (FTIR, XRD, SEM, degradation, and swelling), mechanical (viscosity, folding endurance, film thickness), and biological (antioxidant, antibacterial,

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Microbial Pathogenesis
Evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activities of A. baumannii-derived tannase and gallic acid against uropathogenic microorganisms
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Evaluation of the Performance of a Locally Manufactured Palm Service Platform
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Abstract<p>A field experiment was carried out in one of the orchards of Al-Qassim district in Babel Governorate to find out the ability of a locally manufactured platform to serve palm trees by working in flat and uneven orchard land, palm tree heights of 4, 8, and 12 meters, and it performs pollination, pruning and harvesting services. The time of ascent and descent, the palm service, and the palm/hour productivity were measured. A randomized complete block design with three replications used a split split-plot arrangement. The nature of the land (flat or uneven) represented the main plots, the height of the palm trees (4, 8, 12) meters, the sub-plots, and the palm service operations (pollinati</p> ... Show More
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