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Evaluation of the Role of Interleukein-2 and Interleukein-4 in the Immunopathogenesis of Steroid Therapy Resistance in Iraqi Asthmatic Patients
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Interleukins (IL-2 and IL-4) are increased in asthmatics and were reported to induce resistance to steroid therapy in some patients who fail to get benefit from glucocorticoids when used in full dose and for long period of time. In this context, the present study was conducted on Iraqi patients to provide additional laboratory mean, beside the clinical diagnosis, for the decision whether the asthma is steroid sensitive or resistant by monitoring the level of immunoglobulins, complement proteins and interleukins among asthmatic patients (steroid sensitive or resistant) and the possible contribution of other factors like age, sex and environments in the development of steroid resistance. A total number of 55 asthmatics and 28 normal subjects were enrolled in the study. Patients were diagnosed clinically as steroid sensitive (SSA) and steroid resistant (SRA) and blood samples were taken from all subjects included in the study for the measurement of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE), complement proteins (C3 and C4), interleukins (Il-2 and Il-4), and total and differential WBC counts.The results showed no age, sex and residence dependency of acquired steroid resistance, while smoking habit (and may be the atopic allergy) constitute marked predisposing factors. The level of IgA and IgE were high in both SRA and SSA, while IgG level was low in SRA. Complement proteins (C3 and C4) were not differ in asthmatic patients in comparison with control group. The interesting results were those concerning interleukins. The levels of IL-2 and IL-4 were very high in SRA than in SSA. These are parallel with high lymphocyte and neutrophil counts in blood samples of those patients.In conclusion, beside clinical diagnostic features concerning the dose and duration of therapy with glucocorticoids, monitoring the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 could provide additional laboratory diagnostic measures for the convincing decision that asthma is steroid resistant.

Key words: steroid resistant asthma, steroid sensitive asthma, IL-2, IL-4

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 10 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Surah At-Talaq Between Commentators and Jurists
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Abstract

The Research "Surah At-Talaq between Commentators and Jurists" is summarized in the objectives of the Surah, clarifying the meanings of the verses of the rulings contained therein by mentioning the statements of the commentators, with mentioning the most acceptable of those meanings when a difference arises, explanation of the provisions of the Surah, with a statement of sayings of the  four religious schools of Islamic jurisprudence, in summary, due to the narrowness of the place, and the most acceptable of them.

The research addresses (9) topics, which are: the objectives of Surah At-Talaq, prohibition of divorce during menstruation, testifying retract and divorce, irrevocably divo

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Development Gap Between Rural and Urban Stabilizers
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This research concluded that after what has been presented an analysis of the topics that the process of measuring the level of development and then the development gap is the need to assess the results to set policy and to formulate plans and goals, and to see the development priorities of the place or a particular sector. The purely economic development led to negative effects on the spatial scale and the most important of these effects arise multidimensional social and urban development gaps as well as the economic dimension. So it must exceed the concept of economic framework, to include all dimensions of development spatially and sectorally to provide correct and clear base for planners and development policies and strategies for de

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Modeling and Filtering for Tracking Maneuvering Targets
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     A new mathematical model describing the motion of manned maneuvering targets is presented. This model is simple to be implemented and closely represents the motion of maneuvering targets. The target maneuver or acceleration is correlated in time. Optimal Kalman filter is used as a tracking filter which results in effective tracker that prevents the loss of track or filter divergency that often occurs with conventional tracking filter when the target performs a moderate or heavy maneuver. Computer simulation studies show that the proposed tracker provides sufficient accuracy.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Asking for permission and its legal ruling
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Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and the best blessings and peace be upon our master Muhammad and all his family and companions, and those who follow them with goodness until the Day of Judgment. . And after:

God created man in the best manner, and subjugated the universe to him and favored him over the rest of creation when he gave him a mind to contemplate and know how to distinguish between the harmful and the beneficial, the bad and the good, in order to exploit him in achieving the meaning of worship, because it is the highest goal of his creation. God Almighty said (And I did not create the jinn and mankind. Except that they worship them.” [Al-Dhariyat: 56]

If knowing what is harmful from what is beneficial a

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A comparison between Objective and subjective tests
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This paper aims at presenting a comparison between objective and subjective tests . This paper attemptsto shed light on these two aspects of tests and make do a compression by using suitable techniques for objective and subjective tests .

     The paper compares between the two techniques used by the objective and subjective tests respectively, the time and efforts required by each type, the extent to which each type can be reliable, and the skills each type is suitable to measure.

     The paper shows that objective tests, on the contrary of the subjective ones, encourages guess> Objective tests are used to test specific areas of langua

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Algorithmic Synergy and Architectural Form Generation Mechanisms
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Today, the architecture field is witnessing a noticeable evolution regarding the used tools that the designer should invest in a peculiar way that is made available in architecture through the concept of synergy generally and algorithmic synergy specifically. The synergy is meant to study and analyze the cooperative behavior of complex systems and self-organizing systems that leads to different outputs referred to by the synergy as the (whole), which is bigger than the sum of parts and in architecture, it's translated as the architectural form. This point resulted in a need of a specific study regarding the concept of synergy that focuses on the cooperative, synergistic relations within the trilogy of (form, structure, and material) and

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Personality for Managers
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The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the emotional intelligence and the leadership personality of the managers . the research was tested at the college of administration and economics – university of Baghdad through applying it on a sample of (67) members and units of the college. a questionnaire was used as a major tool for collecting data and information . for the purpose of researching to conclusion, the research aimed to test two main hypotheses related to the correlation coefficient and the effect correlation between the two main variable of the research, some statistical techniques such as (the mean, student deviation, percentages, correlation coefficient spearman, simple regression) were us

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Andalusian Woman Customs Traditions Challenge and Change
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A study Andalusia woman in shade society Arabic Islamic conservative on social customs in respect instructions in the different cover and tongue and not reveal beautiful woman because she is development the honor conscience in the society and she is respect not mix with the men about fall what he said the law Islamic and belief that the Andalusian people prince Husham days ago and he entry dependence to the mawta book. But the Andalusia woman was having the freedom and boasting and the greatness and beautiful and not respected factions from Andalusia woman instruction religion fewness commitment in the tradition Arabian and Islamic her promiscuity her promiscuity in the Spanish society that it is different habits and traditions with soci

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 06 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Correlation between Thyroid-related Hormones and Preeclampsia
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Objectives: In order to highlight the TSH and thyroid hormones levels in preeclamptic and healthy pregnant
women.
Methodology: Ninety patients with preeclampsia were divided into two groups according to the severity of
disease; those with mild disease (37 patients) and those with a severe form (53 patients). A separate group of 30
normal women were included as a normal control group. Venus blood samples were collected from all groups
and the serum was obtained for hormone analysis by ELISA test. Results are expressed using SPSS for window
version 11.0.
Results: Mean serum TSH levels were significantly increased in both of mild and severe preeclampsia compared
with normal pregnancy, and T3 serum level showed a sign

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On Monotonically T2-spaces and Monotonicallynormal spaces
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In this paper we show that if ? Xi is monotonically T2-space then each Xi is monotonically T2-space, too. Moreover, we show that if ? Xi is monotonically normal space then each Xi is monotonically normal space, too. Among these results we give a new proof to show that the monotonically T2-space property and monotonically normal space property are hereditary property and topologically property and give an example of T2-space but not monotonically T2-space.

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