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Measurements of HbA1c for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Foot Ulceration
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People with diabetes can develop different foot problems. In the blood stream glucose reacts with hemoglobin to make a glycosylated hemoglobin molecule called hemoglobin A1c or HbA1c, the more glucose in the blood the more hemoglobin A1c will be present in the blood. The HbAlc test is currently one of the best ways to check diabetes to be under control.  The aim of study is to compare between the blood investigations which includes the fasting blood sugar and HbAlC (glycosylated hemoglobin), and to evaluate the benefit of  HbAlc (measurement for diabetic patients with foot ulcer,  to be a good indicator for controlling blood glucose). Sixty patients with type2 diabetes mellitus from the outpatient clinic of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City over the period from Nov. 2006 to Nov. 2008, were included in the study. Follow up was done only to 30 patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Twenty (66.66%) were males and 10(33.33%) were females their age range from (23-75) years (mean age of 52years), and 21 normal subjects as control. A (Glycohemoglobin HbAl-Test/fast lon-Exchange Resin Separation Method) kit was used. The data finding that there is a greater association between HbAlc level and foot ulceration healing. There is a relationship between the age of the patients and the HbAlc level. The patients who used (Glibenclamide+Metformin) have the lower range of HbAlC, while those who use (Metformin) have the higher level of HbAlc. HbAlc (glycosylated hemoglobin) is most accurate test to determine actual reading over the past 2-3 months, and to evaluating the risk of glycemic damage to the tissues. So, we recommend the HbAlc testing, but it can't be used to monitor day-to-day blood glucose concentration because it's not influenced by fluctuation in blood concentration.

Key words: Diabetic foot ulcer, HbAlc

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2025
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Influence of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity on the Ionospheric Sporadic-E Layer Over Baghdad
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Abstract<p>This study examines the monthly mean diurnal variations of the ionospheric sporadic E (Es) layer’s critical frequency (<italic>foEs</italic>) and virtual height (<italic>h′Es</italic>) above Baghdad city (latitude 33.3˚N, longitude 44.4˚E) during Solar Cycle 22 (1988–1995). The analysis examines their correlation with solar activity, represented by sunspot numbers, and geomagnetic disturbances, particularly during the descending phase of the cycle. The findings revealed that <italic>foEs</italic> values were the highest during the solar maximum years (1989–1991), aligning with increased sunspot numbers and geomagnetic activity due to coronal mas</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2018
Journal Name
Arabian Journal Of Geosciences
Salinity mapping model and brine chemistry of Mishrif reservoir in Basrah oilfields, Southern Iraq
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Biosynthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Antimicrobial studies of Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Punica Granatum Extract
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This study includes using green or biosynthesis-friendly technology, which is effective in terms of low cost and low time and energy to prepare V2O5NPs nanoparticles from vanadium sulfate VSO4.H2O using aqueous extract of Punica Granatum at a concentration of 0.1M and with a basic medium PH= 8-12. The V2O5NPs nanoparticles were diagnosed using several techniques, such as FT-IR, UV-visible with energy gap Eg = 3.734eV, and the X-Ray diffraction XRD was calculated using the Debye Scherrer equation. It was discovered to be 34.39nm, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM. The size, structure, and composition of synthetic V2O5

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Aajps
Morphological description and histological structure of Gallbladder in local adult chicken Gallus gallus domesticus
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The present study aimed to investigate the morphological description and histological structure of Gallbladder in the adult local chicken bird. The morphological description and histological structure of the Gallbladder in the local chicken Gallus gallus domesticus found in the form of a cystic, spindle or pear-shaped, dark green color, located within the visceral abdominal side of the right lobe of the liver, histologically it was found that its wall consisted of three tunicae. The first tunica is mucosa which consists of an epithelial lining layer and lamina propria layer, while the muscularis mucosa was missing. The second tunica is musclaris, which is composed of smooth circularly arranged muscle fibers, and the third tunica is serosa o

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Some Bis (1, 3, 4-oxadiazole) Polymer
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Pyridine-2, 6-dicarbohydrazide comp (2) was synthesized from ethanolic solution of diethyl pyridine-2, 6- dicarboxylate comp (1) with excess of hydrazine hydrate. Newly five polymers (P1-P5) were synthesized from reaction of pyridine-2, 6-dicarbohydrazide comp (2) with five different di carboxylic acid in the presence of poly phosphoric acid (PPA). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized polymers was screened against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antifungal activity of these polymers was evaluated in vitro against some yeast like fungi such as albicans (candida albicans). Polymers P3, P4 and P5 exhibited highest antibacterial and antifungal against all microorganisms under test.

Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis And Characterization Of Some New Acetylenic Mannich Bases Based On Biphenyl – 4,4 - Dithiol
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One of the most important , compound which have active hydrogen is the compound possessing (thiol group) Biphenyl-4,4-dithiol is agood example utilized in a wide field for preparation mannich bases , avariety of new acetylenic mannich bases have been Synthesized and all proposed structure were Supported by FTIR , 1H – NMR, 13C-NMR , Elemental analysis and microbial study .

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 26 2023
Journal Name
Biomedicine
Polymorphism in SNP rs972283 of the KLF14 gene and genetic disposition to peptic ulcer
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Introduction and Aim: Kruppel Like Factor 14 (KLF14) gene plays an important role in metabolic illnesses and is also involved in the regulation of many other biological processes. This study's objective was to determine whether or not the KLF14 single-nucleotide-polymorphism (SNP) known as rs972283 was linked to an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease in the population that was being investigated.   Materials and Methods: Participants in this study included 71 people who had been diagnosed with peptic ulcers and 50 people who were considered to be healthy controls. In order to genotype the KLF14 SNP rs972283, an amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was carried out, and the PCR results were

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
American Research Thoughts
Investigation of some Oral Strategies and their Development to the Iraqi EFL Learners` Performance.
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The present study deals with the effect of teaching oral Communication Strategies on English language learners. The use of oral communication strategies not only solves learners’ communication problems, but also enhances the learner’s interaction in target language, which in turn, improves their oral proficiency .The sample of this study is EFL students in the first stage at the Department of English Language, morning studies, College of Education /Ibn-Rushd .The sample of the study consists of (60) students distributed on experimental group(A) includes (30) students, and (30) students as control group(B). In order to achieve the aim of the study, and to gain a closer idea about the impact of teaching oral Communication Strategies on th

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2012
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Scaphoid Fracture Non Union Treated by Bone Graft and Plaster of Paris Cast Splint.
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Objective: to evaluate the results of (Modification of Russe method) in treatment of nonunion fracture scaphoid bone by bone graft with external splintage (plaster of paris cast (pop ). Methods:Prospective study done on 26 patients (24 male, 2 female), age range between 25-42 years (mean age 34 years), fracture site at middle 1/3 with minimal displacements with no carpal bone or radial bone injury, technique of Matte- Russe method (explore the bone through volar approach using bone graft from iliac crest (cortico-cancellous peg plus cancellus bone) with thumb spica for 90 days with period of follow up 12-18 months. Results: out of 26 patients treated by this method , 23 patients (88.5%) union was achieved radiologically by the end of 3rd mo

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Free-form geometries in contemporary architecture – dimensional rules of Folded, Blob and Formlessness architecture
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Abstract<p>The style of Free-form Geometry (FFG) has emerged in contemporary architecture within the last three decades around the world through the progress of digital design tools and the development of constructive materials. FFG is considered as the hard efforts of several contemporary architects to release their products from familiar restrictions to discover new and unfamiliar styles under the perspective of innovation. Many contemporary architects seek to recognize their forms and facilitate dealing with according to specific dimensional rules. The main research problem is the lack of knowledge, in the field of architecture, in previous literature about the formation processes in achievin</p> ... Show More
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