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Microbial Contamination of Eye Drops in out Patient in Iraq
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Acontaminated ophthalmic solutions represent a potential cause of avoidable ocular infection. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and pattern of microbial contamination of eye drops in out patient at the department of ophthalmology, at Baghdad national hospital, Iraq. Fifty four vials from the out patient clinic were obtained for microbial examination after an average use of 2 weeks. The dropper tip and the residual eye drop were examined for contamination. The specimens were cultured, the number of colonies counted, the organisms identified. Eight (15%)  out of 54 analyzed vials were contaminated , most bacteria identified belonged to the normal commensal flora of the eye. Isolated contaminants were Staphylococcus auereus, Micrococcus , Neisseria catarrhalis, Gram negative Rods, Candida albicans, and Staph epidermidus.The dropper tip was more often contaminated (n=5) than the residual solution (n=2) and only one vial showed acontamination of both the drop and the tip (n=1) . Our data show acontamination rate of 15%, which is in the medium range of data puplished on the contamination of eye drops elsewhere (0.07% to 35.8%).

Key words : Microbial Contamination, Eye Drops

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of investment climate indicators in stimulating economic growth: a standard study For Malaysia 1990-2016
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In globalization, the world became open area to competition for the attractive of investment, and the abilities of each country to win the confidence of investors depend upon the preparation to optimize circumstances.   The competitiveness is an essential means of expanding the capacity of developed to coexist in an international environment characterized by globalization. While competition describes the market structure, the behavior of investors and business, competitiveness is interested in the evaluation of business performance or countries and compare them in the conditions of competition available in these markets. Regarding Malaysia, which is depend on FDI-Export- Led Growth strategy,  it has taking on diffe

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Compound Exercises Using Added Relative Weights On Some Physical Abilities In Young Soccer Players
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
Improvement in the Growth of Cumin Plant, Cuminum Cyminum L. with Spraying Tryptophan and Iq Combi Nanofertilizer
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The experiment was carried out in the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science –Ibn AL Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq, during the growing season 2017 – 2018. The objective was to find out the effect of foliar spraying of tryptophan and IQ COMBI nano fertilizer on cumin plants. The obtained results show that both tryptophan and IQ COMBI nano fertilizer increased plant height, root length, shoot dry weight, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, protein percentage, no. compound umbel.plant-1, wt. seeds. plant-1. The optimum treatment combination was calculated as 30 mg.L-1 tryptophan, 1000mg.L-1 IQ COMBI nano fertilizer, which gave the highest values for most of the parameters studied

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 02 2017
Journal Name
8th International Conference On Agricultural, Environment, Biology And Medical Sciences
Histological Structure of the Kidney in the Iraqi Weasel, Small Asian Mangoose, (Herpestes Javanicus ) (E.Geoffroy Saint.Hilaire,1818)
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The present study aims to describe the histological structure of kidney of, (Herpestes javanicus ) that inhabits Iraqi lands. Transverse sections of kidney stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed two distinct regions, the outer thin darkly stained cortex and inner thick lightly stained medulla, which further subdivided into external and internal medullary zones linked with one conical renal papilla. The lateral margin of the outer medullary tissue forms a secondary renal pyramid with a specialized fornix. All the nephrons in the kidney start with the renal corpuscle [Malpighian], which is formed from two distinct parts, these are a centrally located glomerulus, which represented by a tuft of blood capillaries and an outer Bowman’s capsu

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Evaluation of Hesperidin Protective Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in BALB/c male mice
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measure the level of banking performance in accordance with the e-marketing and total quality management requirements
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Acquires Find importance of the overall quality and e-marketing management have become important factors in evaluating the performance of banks, which are related to the life of the community intimately, so it is important that the banks applying comprehensive quality and e-marketing management requirements in order to maintain their performance and determine their level, as well as the manifest importance of research in part, practical linking the requirements of total quality management and banking performance on the one hand and between the e-marketing and performance banking on the other hand, through the provision of scientific bases that can be based on the banks in question, as it kicks off the research problem in that mos

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 23 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Factors Affecting Timeliness Issuance of Corporate Financial Reporting Listed Companies in Palestine Exchange (PEX) (An Empirical Study)
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This study examined the relationship between the reporting lag (the timeliness of corporate financial reporting) and several independent variables: (1) Audit reporting lag,(2)Company Size,(3) Profitability of the company,(4)Company Age,(5) Sector Type.(6)Audit’s Opinion,(7) Market Type,(8) Gearing,(9) Concentration of ownership,(10) Audit Firm Size(11)Profit or Loss Company(12) Companies Listed lag on the PEX. In order to achieve the objectives of the study and testing its hypotheses, the data Obtained through actual data of a financial reports, and based on me

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Pharmacy Practice
Pharmacist intervention to enhance postoperative fluid prescribing practice in an Iraqi hospital through implementation of NICE guideline
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Implementation of Univariate Paradigm for Streamflow Simulation Using Hybrid Data-Driven Model: Case Study in Tropical Region
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 19 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Studies and Finite Element Modeling of Piles and Pile Groups in Dry Sand under Harmonic Excitation
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Foundations supporting reciprocating engines, radar towers, turbines, large electric motors, and generators, etc. are subject to vibrations caused by unbalanced machine forces as well as the static weight of the machine. If these vibrations are excessive, they may damage the machine or cause it not to function properly. In the case of block foundation, if changes in size and mass of the foundation do not lead to a satisfactory design, a pile foundation may be used. In this study, the dynamic response of piles and pile Groups in dry sand is investigated experimentally. The analysis involves the displacement response under harmonic excitation. In addition, a numerical modeling by using finite element method with a three-dimensional formula

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