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Preparation and Evaluation of Chloramphenicol as Thermosensitive Ocular in- situ Gel
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The purpose of this study was to develop poloxamer-based in-situ gel of chloramphenicol aiming to increase bioavailability and prolong corneal contact time, controlling drug release, and enhancing ocular bioavailability. The in-situ gel was prepared using different concentrations of poloxamer 407 combined with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) or carbapol 940 to achieve gelation temperature about physiological temperature and improve rheological behavior and gelling properties of poloxamer gel. The prepared formulations were evaluated for their appearance, pH, and sol-gel transition temperature. The formulations F2, F3, and F5 have a gelation temperature within the accepted range 35-370C and were evaluated for their isotonicity, rheological studies, ocular irritation test, sterility and release studies. The selected formulations (F2,F3, and F5) isotonic, pseudoplastic, non irritant, pass sterility test, and the in vitro release demonstrated a diffusion-erosion controlled release of chloramphenicol over a period of 4 hr., 6 hr., and 6 hr. respectively.

Key words: Chloramphenicol, in-situ gel, ocular dosage form, poloxamer.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 09 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis and Preliminary Anticancer Evaluation of 6-Mercaptopurine –Methotrexate Conjugate as Possible Mutual Prodrug
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Small molecules drug conjugate mutual prodrug design  (SMDC) composed of folate and lethal agent conjugate, rigidly bonded via hydrophilic bridge and self immolative disulfide  bond   ;  represent new interesting approaches for cancer treatment , the component of SMDC intended  for targeting    folate receptor , along with greater conservation  of component until reaching  the target tumor tissue . The  designing and synthesis of compound VI and VIII derived from 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and Methotrexate ( MTX) conjugate altogether as mutual prodrugs were  processed forward  successfully by multistep reaction  procedures , and by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) for

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 10 2024
Journal Name
Pharmacia
Molecular docking, ADMET, synthesis and evaluation of new indomethacin hydrazide derivatives as antibacterial agents
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Bacterial infections pose an ongoing challenge due to resistance developed by infectious bacteria. So much research targeting designing new antibacterials is published annually. Our goal is to synthesize compounds that have given antibacterial activity according to molecular docking against the chosen target protein and that have acceptable ADMET properties that can be synthesized and used in the future. New 2-(5-methoxy-1-(4-chlorobenzene)-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetohydrazide derivatives’ antibacterial efficacy against two common strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms has been developed, produced, and investigated. Sophisticated, modern analytical methods, including ATR-FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, were used

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Publication Date
Mon May 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicinal And Chemical Sciences
Organic Synthesis of Some New Compounds Derived from Furfural and Their Evaluation as Antioxidants
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Heterogeneous organic compounds play an important role in our daily life as they contribute in many medical and industrial fields and are in continuous development as a result of the preparation of new derivatives with different properties. From this premise, the goal of this work appears, which is preparation of (four, five, six, and seven) membered ring systems derived from furfural, by its reaction with different aromatic aldehydes, and record their antioxidant activity by using free radical scavenging method of DPPH radicals. The new ring systems are synthesized by reacting the prepared Schiff-bases with different ring closure agents (chloroacetyl chloride, mercaptoaceticacid, anthranilic acid, and phthalic anhydride), the prep

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Natural preparation of rice husk-derived silica and eggshell-derived calcium carbonate composite as a coating material for dental implant
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Background: The world is in front of two emerging problems being scarceness of virgin re-sources for bioactive materials and the gathering of waste production. Employment of the surplus waste in the mainstream production can resolve these problems. The current study aimed to prepare and characterize a natural composite CaO-SiO2 based bioactive material derived from naturally sustained raw materials. Then deposit this innovative novel bioactive coating composite materials overlying Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia substrate. Mate-rials and method; Hen eggshell-derived calcium carbonate and rice husk-derived silica were extracted from natural resources to prepare the composite coating material. The manufac-tured powder was characterized

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Preparation of Chalcones and their Applications in Heterocycles Synthesis
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Some new heterocyclic compounds containing, cyclohexenone, indazole, isoxazoline, pyrmidine and pyrazoline ring system were prepared from chalcones (1a,b). The starting chalcones (1a,b) were obtained by a base catalyzed condensation of appropriately substituted benzaldehydes and 2-acetylbenzofuran. The reaction of the prepared chalcones with ethylacetoacetate/hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, urea, thiourea, hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine or hydrazide derivatives gave the mentioned heterocycles. All synthesized compounds have been characterized by physical and spectral methods.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Optical Characteristics of Vitamin D3 Soft Gel
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In this work, the linear properties of Vitamin D3-5000IU soft gel were investigated by measuring its absorption and fluorescence spectra. It was observed that there was a shift towards longer wavelength within limits (75 nm), with quantitative efficiency equal to (33.58%). The values of absorbance were used to calculate the extinction coefficient, optical refractive index, optical conductivity and optical dielectric constant values.

The non-linear properties of Vitamin D3-5000IU soft gel was also studied using the Z-Scan technique by using Neodymium-doped Yttrium Garnet (Nd: YAG) continuous laser (CW) emitting in       &n

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of New Analogues of Diclofenac as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents
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         A group of amine derivatives [4-aminobenzenesulfonamide derivatives, 2-aminopyridine and 2-aminothiazole] incorporated to α-carbon of diclofenac a well known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to increase bulkiness were designed and synthesized for evaluation as  a potential anti-inflammatory agents with expected COX-2 selectivity. In vivo acute anti-inflammatory activity of the selected final compounds (9, 12 and 13) was evaluated in rats using egg-white induced edema model of inflammation in a dose equivalent to (3 mg/Kg) of diclofenac sodium. All tested compounds  produced a significant reduction  in paw edema with respect to the effect of propylene glycol 50

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Doklady Chemistry
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of New Cyclic Quinazoline Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
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Heterocyclic compounds are crucial for medicinal chemistry and the development of therapeutic agents like broad-spectrum antibiotics. This study devised a facile procedure to synthesize novel antimicrobial bicyclic heterocycles from 2-mercapto-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one. Advanced analytical techniques including 1 H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and FT-IR spectroscopy characterized the intricate chemical structures of the products. In vitro assays tested the heterocycles against aerobic and anaerobic bacterial strains using fluconazole and ciprofloxacin as antifungal and antibacterial controls. Results demonstrated the formidable broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized compounds, with growth inhibition

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 08 2019
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Estimating total dissolved solids and total suspended solids in Mosul dam lake in situ and using remote sensing technique
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 04 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
mRNA in situ hybridization analysis of p-53 cancer suppression gene and Bcl-2 oncogene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
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Background: Several factors render chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) an interesting subject for study by researchers. These include marked progress in understanding the molecular biology of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes and recent advances in molecular genetics techniques. Among molecular markers, p53 cancer suppressor gene and the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 have been widely studied. 
Patients and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study done on 60 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia compared with 20 controls (anemic patients), all recruited at the Medical City Teaching Hospital laboratories from January 2004 to December 2007. The bone marrow biopsy of each was re-examined histologica

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