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The Correlation Between Hyperglycemia and Rheumatoid Factor in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Al- Risafa Area, Baghdad
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Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) formerly called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes is a common disease. Rheumatoid factor is a well-established test used in the diagnosis and follows the prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid factor is sometimes found in serum of patients with other diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM), due to the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF- α which play an important role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the study is to investigate the associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in scope of rheumatoid factor (RF), hyperglycemia and body mass index (BMI), in patients with T2DM lived in Al-Risafa area -Baghdad. One hundred twenty five (125) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients were selected from the out patients department of the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Baghdad; in addition to (70) apparently healthy non diabetic, non arthritic subjects as control, during the period from Sep. - Dec./2010. The ages of both patients and control subjects were within (35-75) years. This study focus to search for the correlation between T2DM and RF "qualitative and quantitative" in relation to body mass index (BMI) and gender. Out of 125 DM-patients (73 female and 52 male), 44 (35.2 %) showed positive RF when compared with healthy controls (N=3, 4.3%). [P value =0.01 is significant] with female dominance (N=28, 63.6%) in compared to males (N=16, 36.4 %), when these diabetics with RF positive were titered for RF (8, 16, 32 and 64 IU/ml), the following results were obtained. The highest percentage of titer observed with 34.1% in those with RF titer 64 IU/ ml [P value = 0.01] when compared with healthy control.  18.2 % had RF titer of 8 IU/ ml, 20.4 % had RF titer of 16 IU/ ml, 27.3 % had RF titer of 32 IU/ ml and 34.1 % had RF titer of 64 IU/ ml. The highest percentage among the overweight, DM patients (38.9 %) have a mean titer 64 IU/ml, a percentage decrease respectively as below: 38.9 % had RF titer of 64 IU/ ml, 27.8% had RF titer of 32 IU/ ml, 16.6 % had RF titer 16 IU / ml and 16.6% had RF titer 8 IU/ ml. The highest number and percentage of DM with RF positive (N=17, 38.6 %) were located among higher age (50-59), (60-69) & (70 -79) year groups (N=17, 38.6%), (N=13, 29.5%) & (N=8, 18.2%) respectively, [P- Value < 0.01] when compared to the corresponding controls. The effect of fasting plasma glucose level of type 2 DM in patients who have RF positive titer, is found that > 7.2 mmol/l glucose in plasma contribute the highest titer (N=28, 63.6 %), in comparison with group of plasma glucose levels < 7.2 mmol/l patients (N=16, 36.4%). with a highly significant difference, P-value = 0.006.Smokers diabetic patients with RF positive (N=27, 61.4%) dominate over non- smokers with RF positive (N=17, 38.6%). The results of this study indicate that there is a reasonable increased frequency of positive rheumatoid factor (RF) in type 2 diabetic patients. Poor glycemic control is associated with higher RF titer in positive cases. The titer of T2DM smoker patients is associated with positive RF values that exceed the titer of the non- smoker RF positive patients. Thus, smoking might not be correlated significantly to DM, but may contribute to its complications.

Key words: T2DM, RF, BMI, Smoking.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2018
Journal Name
Advances In Science, Technology &amp; Innovation
Producing a Three Dimensional Model for the University of Baghdad Campus Using GIS Environment
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Impact of bitter taste threshold on caries experience in relation to ABO blood types among dental students at Al Kufa University
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Background: Blood group system and the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) are the most studied traits in human genetics which have been extensively used in describing genetic variations among human populations around the world that may had an effect on dental caries. The aims of present study were to investigate the caries experience among students with different bitter taste threshold in relation to blood type. Materials and Methods: The sample of present study includes dental students female aged19-21 years. The diagnosis of dental caries was done according to the criteria of Manjia et al, 1989 recording decayed lesion by severity (D1-4) MFS. Furthermore, bitter taste sensitivity was measured according to PTC (phenylthiocarbamid

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 06 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Female Students’ Practices toward Premenstrual Syndrome at Secondary Schools in Third Al- Rusafa Education Directorate
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Objective: Determination the effectiveness of educational program on female students’ practices toward premenstrual.

Methodology: A quasi-experimental design study was conducted involving (140) student purposely in four secondary schools at Al-sadder city (70) student for study group and (70) for control group. The prevalence of PMS selected through American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (2015) criteria to select PMS students before program. The education program were set in four steps, the first step (pre-test) is to assess the practices, before the implementation of the program, the second step is implementing the program, following two steps post-test  I and II betwe

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 24 2020
Journal Name
Systematic Reviews In Pharmacy
Studies on the Photostability of Polystyrene Films with New Metals Complex of 1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thione Derivate
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The new complexes including Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Pt(IV), and Pd(II) metals with 4,4'-(((1E,1'E)-1,4-phenylenebis(methaneylylidene))bis(azaneylylidene))bis(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione) have been synthesized of utilizing us polystyrene (PS) photostability. The supplement (0,5 w / v%) was for the production of polystyrene ( PS) in the form of tetrahydrofuran (THF). Polystyrene films were exposing irradiation (250 – 380 nm) absorption light intensity of 6.02 x 10-9 ein dm-3 s-1 at room temperature, through the changes that occur to each of viscosity average molecular weight (Mv), main chain scission (S), degree of polymerization (DPn), weight loss %, hydroxyl index (lOH), carbonyl index (ICo) determined the photo stabiliz

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
The performance of MnO<sub>2</sub>/graphite electrode for TOC removal from wastewater by indirect electrochemical oxidation process
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Electrochemical oxidation in the presence of sodium chloride used for removal of phenol and any other organic by products formed during the electrolysis by using MnO2/graphite electrode. The performance of the electrode was evaluated in terms fraction of phenol and the formed organic by products removed during the electrolysis process. The results showed that the electrochemical oxidation process was very effective in the removal of phenol and the other organics, where the removal percentage of phenol was 97.33%, and the final value of TOC was 6.985 ppm after 4 hours and by using a speed of rotation of the MnO2 electrode equal to 200 rpm.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Veterinary Sciences
Incidence of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors of dogs from Baghdad city: Clinical, cytological and histopathological features
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The present study was conducted to estimate the incidence, clinical findings, cytological and histopathological characteristics of spontaneously occurring skin neoplasms in dogs. A total of 40 grossly suspected cases of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors were gathered during the period from July 2016 to August 2018 from male and female dogs in Baghdad city. Dogs with skin neoplasia revealed various clinical signs, and their ages were older than 5 years to 15 years. German shepherd 30% followed by Terrier dogs 25% were more influenced than other breeds. Concerning tumor features, the majority of neoplasms had solitary lesion 70%, regular shapes 65% with black color 55%. The tumors frequently occurred on fore-limbs and abdomen, and 80% of them

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
International Visible Conference On Educational Studies & Applied Linguistics 2016
A New Perspective About Masculinity and the Issue of Identity in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea and Michael Ondaatje's in The Skin of a lion
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A New Perspective About Masculinity and the Issue of Identity in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea and Michael Ondaatje's in The Skin of a lion

Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluating the quality of educational services according to the modified Servqual modelStudy of a sample of students of the Faculty of Management and Economics / University of Baghdad
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The research aims to apply a modified SERVQUAL model to evaluate the quality of the educational services via conducting exploratory research for students from the College of Administration and Economics- Department of Business Administration- Evening studies at the University of Baghdad. Questionnaire of two parts was distributed to a sample of (72) students out of (720) students of the 2nd.,3rd. and 4th. year in the beginning of the second semester of the year 2008-2009 to measure the expectations and perceptions to the quality of the educational services. Five major dimensions were analyzed to see the gaps for (22) variables. The study concluded that there were (13) variables confirmed that the

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 05 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
Reading in the Scenery of the performance and its developments
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The importance of this research in studying the actor life existence on the stage through the performance art;where as all the literary theatrical dimensions didn't ignore the importance of the actor's performance.
So, it is shed a light on the nature of the scenery in the actor's performance and what its representations in the temporary directions ……..
The research set off from the imitation as a human instinct to the performance of the actor in post-modernity theater; so the researcher found that there is a question must be answered which is :Is the actor live a regression state in his theatrical performance ,or that the performance of the actor connect with collective conscience of human being which is repeated in certain

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Ethics and Restrictions of the Islamic Economy in Ownership
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The search for wealth and money is a matter of ethics in the Islamic economy
God Almighty said: "We have honored the sons of Adam (and ridiculed the universe and what he said) mocked you
He said, "He who created you from the earth."
And he commanded you, and he said to him, "He who made you."
Land, and the amount of Rezko and
He said: "You love the money with great love."
And then guide him by exaggerating the ethics of Islam and its legislation in Tamkak and not exceeding it.
 In order to darken the doors of inflation with wealth Vakar
And the hereafter and achieve satisfaction and fairness in all actions
To ensure that society has a right not to harm others and to abuse the interests of the economy
Is

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