Evaluate the acute and chronic toxicity of Ruta Chalepensis aerial part aqueous extract used in folk medicine in Iraq in Albino Wistar male and female rats. The study of chronic toxicity at the doses 100, 300 and 600mg/kg body weight in male and female rats for 90 days, recorded no mortality. Treated animals showed a normal weight change compared with control. The parameters of male fertility showed a significant decrease in the weight of testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle as well as a reduction in the number and the motility of spermatozoids at treated groups by the doses 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight compared to control group.

The problem of research tagged: (metaphor and its transformations in the surreal drawing) dealt with the nature of the concept of metaphor and the mechanisms of its work in the contemporary global achievement. The research came in four chapters: The first chapter was concerned with the systematic framework for the research represented by the problem of the research, as it was manifested through this study by metaphor and its transformations, which were associated with the Surreal drawing papers in Europe. The goal of the study has been crystallized with the following:

Exposing metaphor and its transformations in the visual system of the surreal drawing.
As for the limits of the research, I was interested in analyzing video mod

The artistic process operates whether in general in all arts or specifically in one type of arts or one of the genres of arts types on the preoccupations of the pressing artistic references as the founder of the artistic work in the material formulations on the one hand and on the other hand as a translator to understand the artistic achievement in general and plastic art in particular and for the importance The researcher chose the title of her research tagged (the preoccupations of the pressing reference and its impact on the formations of postmodern arts).
The first chapter of the methodological framework deals with the problem of research, importance, objective, limits, and then terminology and its definition, and then the secon

Objective: To evaluate and compare the effect of mechanical surface treatment (groove, aluminum oxide particles)
with 45 degree bevel type of joint on tensile bond strength of acrylic specimens repaired by two curing methods
(microwave and water both).
Methodology: Eighty specimens (80) were prepared from pink heat cure acrylic resin. They were divided into two
main groups (40 specimen repaired by microwave energy and 40 specimens repaired by water bath method).Each
group can be divided into four subgroups of ten according to the surface treatment. The control group A was left
intact, group B received no surface treatment, group C and D received surface treatment by (groove, 50 m aluminum
oxide particles). Specimens

Bacopa monnieri L. (Scrophulariaceae), synoname is Herpestis monniera that provides bioactive compounds, especially triterpenoid saponins (Bacosides) which exhibits an important biological activities, like hypothyroidism, anticonvulsant, memory enhancing and antistress. Because there are no researches about B. monnieri L. plant that grow in Iraq, and there active compounds especially triterpenoid saponin (TS), and there effects. This study was detected the presence of (TS) in, and examined the cytotoxic and the antioxidant activity of these compounds in vitro. The study was included the extraction and identification of TS from the whole parts of B. monnieri L. by using three methods, and the best yield was analyzed by High Performance Liqui

Background: Patients who have both neurological impairment and kyphotic deformity can be treated medically, and this treatment can be achieved with anti-tuberculous drugs alone.

Objective: To evaluate conservative medical management of patients with tuberculosis of the spine (Pott disease). The prognostic significance of various clinical, radiological, and long-term follow-up findings in these patients was also evaluated.

Methods: Between January 2009 and January 2018 data were collected prospectively at The Neurosciences Hospital/ Baghdad/ Iraq in 44 patients with Pott disease in the thoracic and lumbar spine. These patients had no major neurological deficits or

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), or Tic Douloureux, is one of the most common neuropathic pains. Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GNSRS) has been considered one of the procedures for treating primary TN. Objective: This study evaluates the effectiveness of GNSRS in treating primary TN in patients who are unresponsive to medical treatment in a single-center experience. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 180 patients from January 2018 to October 2021. The study utilized the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity score to assess pain before and after GNSRS treatment. Results: A total of 180 patients with primary TN were included in this study, 108 female with a 1.5:1 female: male ratio.  Results