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Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetics of Two Formulations of Amlodipine Tablets in Healthy Subjects
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The bioequivalence of a single dose tablet containing 5 mg amlodipine as a test product in comparison to Norvasc® 5 mg tablet (Pfizer USA) as the reference product was studied. Both products were administered to twenty eight healthy male adult subjects applying  a fasting, single-dose, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, randomized crossover design with two weeks washout period between dosing. Twenty blood samples were withdrawn from each subject over 144 hours period. Amlodipine concentrations were determined in plasma by a validated HPLC-MS/MS method. From the plasma concentration-time data of each individual, the pharmacokinetic parameters; Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-Â¥, Cmax/AUC0-Â¥, lZ, T0.5, MRT, Cl/F and Vd/F; were calculated applying non-compartmental analysis. The average values of the above parameters  for the test formula were 1.99 ng/ml, 8.3 hours, 82.87 ng.hr/ml, 95.23 ng.hr/ml, 0.0219 hr-1, 0.018 hr-1, 38.5 hr, 56.2 hr, 60.9 l/hr and 3483 liters, respectively. The average values of these parameter for the reference formula were 1.92 ng/ml, 7.9 hours, 76.3 ng.hr/ml, 89.31 ng.hr/ml, 0.0225hr-1, 0.019  hr-1, 36.7 hr, 59.9 hr, 69.5 l/hr, and 3983.4 liters, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters mentioned above were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test. Ln-transformed values of the pharmacokinetic parameters used for bioequivalence testing; Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-Â¥ ; were also statistically analyzed by ANOVA, 90% Confidence Interval (CI) and Schuirmann’s two one-sided t-tests. For the Tmax, parametric and nonparametric tests were applied. Based on FDA criteria on bioequivalence, the results of the above statistical tests demonstrated bioequivalence of the two products.

Keywords: Amlodipine, Pharmacokinetic, Bioequivalence , HPLC/MS/MS.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 20 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of the relationship between curve of Spee and dentofacial morphology in different skeletal patterns
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Background: Curve of Spee (CS) is an anteroposterior anatomical curve established by the occlusal alignment of the teeth viewed in the sagittal plane. This occlusal curvature has clinical importance in orthodontics and other fields of dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the CS and dentofacial morphology of different skeletal patterns in both genders. Materials and Methods: Eighty six Iraqi Arab subjects (44females,42 males ) their age ranged from 17 -30 years, classified into: Skeletal I with normal occlusion(15 females and 15 males), skeletal II with CI II div 1 malocclusion (15 females and 15 males) and skeletal III with CI III malocclusion (14 females and 12 males). Forty one variables measured us

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Employment of Literay Tradition In the Polemic Poems of Jarir , Al-Farazdaq and Al-Akhtal
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The present study is an academic attempt to show how the threeUmayyad poets ; Jarir ,
Al-Farazdaq and Al-Akhtal have skillfully employed old conventions and traditions in their
poetry to serve a dual purpose of making their ideas striking , memorable and compelling and
of reaching eminence as poets.
The primary aim of the poets has been to amuse , convince and influence the readers or
listeners of their poetry . as it were, a mirror image of the social , religious and historical
beliefs , values and customs which prevailed throughout the ages before the emergence.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Preservation of the mind and its development Makassedi study in the light of prayers Almathur
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A great abbey in the Shari'a, and is therefore destined to be preserved in many texts and by methods
There are many prayers in the Qur'an and Sunnah to encourage them
They have a clear relationship with the preservation of the purposes of the Sharia in general, and with a purpose
Save the mind in particular, but the scholars - the mercy of God - when they declare that the costs of Sharia
Due to the preservation of my intentions in the creature, they limit their words to orders and intentions, and are not exposed
In particular,
If they were included in the texts of the Shariah and Tawjiyatiya,
To be related to the preservation of the purposes of the law, which confirms the words of the former leaders, and light the li

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Spatial Poetics and the "Murder of the Real"in Paul Auster's City of Glass*
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Paul Auster's City of Glass is here singled out as representative of the writer's The New
York Trilogy. All throughout his novelistic career, Auster has been working on a pseudothesis
that adheres to a certain aesthetic of disappearance. The study engages this Austerian
aesthetic apropos of certain theoretical stretches such as the Emersonian "Not Me", the
Thoreauvian "interval" or "nowhere", the Deleuzian "nomadic trajectory", the Derridian
"grammè" or "specter", and the Baudrillardian "disappearance". The city of the novel's titling
is here seen as the trope of all that which has already disappeared, and hence it is seen as the
space (mise en scène) where the perfect crime of the murder of the real is to be thoro

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 22 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Biodiversity And Environmental Sciences
Survey and taxonomical study of ants that collected from indoor in different regions of Iraq
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Energy Procedia
Calculation of Salinity and Soil Moisture indices in south of Iraq - Using Satellite Image Data
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A band rationing method is applied to calculate the salinity index (SI) and Normalized Multi-Band Drought Index (NMDI) as pre-processing to take Agriculture decision in these areas is presented. To separate the land from other features that exist in the scene, the classical classification method (Maximum likelihood classification) is used by classified the study area to multi classes (Healthy vegetation (HV), Grasslands (GL), Water (W), Urban (U), Bare Soil (BS)). A Landsat 8 satellite image of an area in the south of Iraq are used, where the land cover is classified according to indicator ranges for each (SI) and (NMDI).

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 06 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Advances In Engineering And Management (ijaem)
The makers of sedition in light of Chapters (Al-Baqarah and Yusuf)/An objective study
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The makers of strife exist in every era and time. They differ in how these temptations are created and the methods used in doing so. In our modern era, they are more; This is due to the presence of information technology and its easy availability at their fingertips, as well as the spread of social networking sites, which are rapidly spreading among ignorant groups and groups that are deficient in their use. Which led the makers of sedition to exploit these matters and create various temptations and spread them among peoples and societies. Today, we cannot predict the future of humanity in light of this huge amount of temptation. What the Holy Qur’an mentioned about the types of temptations in its noble verses and their embodiment in seve

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 25 2018
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Estimation of preptin in serum of Thyroid Dysfunction Patients and its Relationship with other Parameters
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The research includes a clinical study of Preptin with other parameters. The normal value of preptin in hypothyroidism (2638.4±280.0) in female while (2960.4±256.6) in male, in hyperthyroidism (589.0±90.1) in male, while in female (993.2±103.9), diabetes (2465.6±282.4) in female, in male (2085.5±282.8), in diabetes & hypothyroidism (3314.3±177.3) in male,(3179.4±265.7) in female, but control group in female (427.8±60.4), in male (384.7±62.4) at age (20-45) years they were divided into five groups: group one (G1) consisted of 30 hypothyroidism. The two group (G2) consisted of 30 patients with hyperthyroidism. And three group (G3) consisted of 30 healthy group, four group (G4) consisted of 30 patient with diabetes, and five group (G

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research
Treatment of Fistula-In-Ano with Tight (Cutting) Seton: Analysis of Outcomes and Efficacy Assessment
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2026
Journal Name
Advances In Environmental Biology
A study effect of thyme on biochemical and histological changes in liver of male rats
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