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Preparation and in-Vitro Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Clotrimazole Vaginal Hydrogel
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Clotrimazole (CLO) is an antimycotic imidazole derivative applied locally for the treatment of vaginal yeast infections. In this study, CLO was formulated as vaginal mucoadhesive hydrogel, using different types of mucoadhesive polymers to ensure prolonged contact between active ingredient and vaginal mucosa.

Physicochemical properties of the prepared formulas were evaluated as a visual inspection, pH, swelling index, spreadability, and mucoadhesive characteristics, in addition to an in-vitro drug release. The influence of type and concentration of polymers as CMC-Na (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%w/w), carbopol 940( 0.25, 0.5, and 1 %w/w) and poloxamer 407 (15, 25, 30%w/w) on CLO release  from the prepared gels were also investigated. All the different concentrations of each polymer gave a percent of drug release profile inversely proportional with the polymer concentration. The lowest concentration showed faster release within the first half an hour  of 99± 2% of drug release , while CMC-Na at 3.5% (F2) demonstrated the least release of 40 % after three hours.

On the other hand, poloxamer 407 of 25% gel (F7) produced the highest release of 98%, while carbopol 1% (F5) and CMC-Na (F1) produced 85% and 80% ,respectively. All the prepared formulas were following Higuchi kinetic model. Based on overall result, CLO can be formulated as mucoadhesive vaginal hydrogel using 25%poloxamer as the best prepared formula.

Key words: Hydrogel, Clotrimazole, Mucoadhesive

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
<i>Insilico</i> and <i>in vitro</i> Approach for Design, Synthesis, and Anti-proliferative Activity of Novel Derivatives of 5-(4-Aminophenyl)-4-Substituted Phenyl-2, 4-Dihydro-3<i>H</i>-1, 2, 4-Triazole-3-Thione
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 02 2016
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Islamic Electronic Libraries and The service for downloading Research and Comic books (PDF): An Evaluation study
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The research aims to evaluate Islamic electronic libraries and their service for downloading research and illustrated books, explaining their origins, features and types. The research was limited to the libraries available on the Internet that provide the service for downloading research and illustrated books. The researcher relied on the survey approach to identify the libraries and a sample of them (20 libraries) was selected. For the purpose of evaluating it according to five criteria related to the preparation and publication of Islamic electronic libraries (the responsible party, the goals and objectives, the year, the services it provides, the sections and subject specializations of its contents) and five criteria related to the servi

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Geotechnical Engineering And Sustainable Construction
Evaluation of Live Load Distribution Factors of a Highway Bridge
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Spectroscopy, Biological Activities and Thermodynamic Studies of New Complexes of Some Metal Ions with 2-[5-(2-Hydroxy-Phenyl)- 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Ylimino]-Methyl-Naphthalen-1-Ol]
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This study describes the preparation of new series of tetra-dentate N2O2 dinuclear complexes (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+) of the Schiff base derived from condensation of 1-Hydroxy-naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole. The structures of the ligands were identified using IR, UV-Vis , mass,  elemental analysis and 1H-NMR techniques. All prepared complexes have been characterized by conductance measurement, magnetic susceptibility, electronic spectra, infrared spectrum, theromgravimatric analysis (TGA) and metal analysis by atomic absorption. From stoichiometry of metal to ligand and all measurements show a octahedral geometry proposed for all

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Spectroscopy, Biological Activities and Thermodynamic Studies of New Complexes of Some Metal Ions with 2-[5-(2-Hydroxy-Phenyl)- 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Ylimino]-Methyl-Naphthalen-1-Ol]
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This study describes the preparation of new series of tetra-dentate N2O2 dinuclear complexes (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+) of the Schiff base derived from condensation of 1-Hydroxy-naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole. The structures of the ligands were identified using IR, UV-Vis , mass,  elemental analysis and 1H-NMR techniques. All prepared complexes have been characterized by conductance measurement, magnetic susceptibility, electronic spectra, infrared spectrum, theromgravimatric analysis (TGA) and metal analysis by atomic absorption. From stoichiometry of metal to ligand and all measurements show a octahedral geometry proposed for all complexes of the (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+). conductivity measurement shows t

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 18 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Evaluation of the Detrimental Effects of some Antiepileptic Drugs on the Height and Weight of Children with Epilepsy
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Growth is a multifactorial process influenced by genetic, nutritional, hormonal, psychosocial and other factors including the general health of a child. Epilepsy defined as a chronic condition characterized by recurrent clinical events or epileptic seizures, which occur in the absence of a metabolic or toxic disease the drugs that use in the treatment of this condition can affect patients growth due to their mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of some antiepileptic drugs on growth (height and weight) in children with epilepsy. This work involved 51 newly diagnosed children with a different form of epilepsy (Generalized, absent and partial). Patients divided into three groups according to the treatment (group one

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 05 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Histological evaluation of the effect of topical application of Curcumin powder and essential oil on skin wound healing
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Background: Herbal medicine can be called one of the branches of medicine in various forms. Turmericcurcumin has proved its efficiencies a coloring, flavoring agent and has been traditionally used in medicine, exhibiting remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The varied biological properties of curcumin and lack of toxicity even when administered at higher doses makes it attractive to explore its use in various disorders like diseases of skin. It is good potential agent for wound healing. Materials and methods: Sixty four new Zealand rabbits were used in this study ,they were divided into four groups,each group was subdivided as follows:Experimental groups(8 rabbits) right facial side of animals for essential oil applicati

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 05 2026
Journal Name
Al-anbar University Journal Of Law And Political Sciences
Evaluation of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the role of the protecting power to implement its provisions
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Dalton Transactions
Mangiferin functionalized radioactive gold nanoparticles (MGF-<sup>198</sup>AuNPs) in prostate tumor therapy: green nanotechnology for production, in vivo tumor retention and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy
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We report here an innovative feature of green nanotechnology-focused work showing that mangiferin—a glucose functionalized xanthonoid, found in abundance in mango peels—serves dual roles of chemical reduction and in situ encapsulation, to produce gold nanoparticles with optimum in vivo stability and tumor specific characteristics. The interaction of mangiferin with a Au-198 gold precursor affords MGF-198AuNPs as the beta emissions of Au-198 provide unique advantages for tumor therapy while gamma rays are used for the quantitative estimation of gold within the tumors and various organs. The laminin receptor specificity of mangiferin affords specific accumulation of therapeutic payloads of this new therapeutic agent within prostate tumors

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
East European Journal Of Physics
Evaluation of the Influence of Body Mass Index and Signal-to-Noise Ratio on the PET/CT Image Quality in Iraqi Patients with Liver Cancer
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Image quality has been estimated and predicted using the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and SNR measurements in PET imaging using patient studies with liver cancer. Three groups of 59 patients (24 males and 35 females) were divided according to BMI. After intravenous injection of 0.1 mCi of 18F-FDG per kilogram of body weight, PET emission scans were acquired for (1, 1.5, and 3) min/bed position according to the weight of patient. Because liver is an organ of homogenous metabolism, five region of interest (ROI) were made at the same location, five successive slices of the PET/CT scans to determine the mean uptake (signal) values and its standard deviat

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