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Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Ceftriaxone Derivatives
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The present study was designed to synthesize a number of new Ceftriaxone derivatives by its involvement with a series of different amines, through the chemical derivatization of its 2-aminothiazolyl- group into an amide with chloroacetyl chloride, which on further conjugation with these selected amines will produce compounds with pharmacological effects that may extend the antimicrobial activity of the parent compound depending on the nature of these moieties.

Ceftriaxone was first equipped with a spacer arm (linker) by the action of chloroacetyl chloride in aqueous medium and then further reacted with seven different aliphatic and aromatic amines which resulted in the production of the aimed final target products. The syntheses have been carried out following simple methodology in excellent isolated yields.

The structure of the synthesized derivatives has been characterized by elemental microanalysis (CHN), FTIR spectroscopy, and other physicochemical properties. All the final synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms and showed excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities in comparison to Ceftriaxone, Cephalexin and Fluconazole.

The new Ceftriaxone derivatives have broadened the antimicrobial spectrum of the parent compound in having an extra antifungal activity in addition to its original antibacterial activity.

Keywords: Ceftriaxone, 2-aminothiazole, Antimicrobial activity, Antifungal activity, Ceftriaxone derivatives.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
International Journal Of Biological Macromolecules
Characterization and determination of lignin in different types of Iraqi phoenix date palm pruning woods
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 24 2024
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal Of Medical Sciences ( Issn 2789-3219 )
Development and Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid-Incorporated Thermosensitive Nasal in situ Gel of Meclizine Hydrochloride
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Background: Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ) is an antihistamine that is used as an antiemetic to prevent and cure nausea and vomiting. Because of its limited water solubility and first-pass metabolism, it exhibits variable absorption. Objective: To formulate and evaluate MCZ as an intranasal in situ gel with increased residence time and permeability. Methods: We made an inclusion complex of MCZ using various cyclodextrins as a complexing agent to help the drug dissolve better. The complexes were studied, and the ones that were better at dissolving were chosen to be used in the creation of an in situ gel with poloxamer 407 (17–20% w/v) and hyaluronic acid (0.25–0.75% w/v). Prepared formulas were subjected to various evaluation tes

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Publication Date
Sun May 10 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women
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         The emergence of staphylococci, either coagulase negative (CNS) or coagulase positive (CPS), as important human pathogens has implied that reliable methods for their identification are of large significance in understanding the diseases caused by them. The identification and characterization of staphylococci from biopsies taken from human breast tumors is reported here. Out of 32 tissue biopsies, a total of 12 suspected staphylococci grew on mannitol salt agar (MSA) medium, including 7 fermenters and 5 non-fermenter staphylococci based on traditional laboratory methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) successfully identified seven isolates at the genus level as methicillin resistant St

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2019
Journal Name
Russian Journal Of Electrochemistry
Preparation and Characterization of Graphite Substrate Manganese Dioxide Electrode for Indirect Electrochemical Removal of Phenol
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Manganese dioxide rotating cylinder electrode prepared by anodic deposition on a graphite substrate using MnSO4 solution in the presence of 0.918 M of H2SO4. The influence of different operational parameters (MnSO4 concentration, current density, time, and rotation speed) on the structure, and morphology of MnO2 deposit film was examined widely. The structure and crystal size determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The γ-MnO2 obtained as the main product of the deposition process. It found that the four parameters have a significant influence on the structure, morphology, and roughness of the prepared MnO2 deposit. The crystal size in

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Publication Date
Sun May 10 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Characterization of Mannitol Fermenter and Salt Tolerant Staphylococci from Breast Tumor Biopsies of Iraqi Women
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The emergence of staphylococci, either coagulase negative (CNS) or coagulase positive (CPS), as important human pathogens has implied that reliable methods for their identification are of large significance in understanding the diseases caused by them. The identification and characterization of staphylococci from biopsies taken from human breast tumors is reported here. Out of 32 tissue biopsies, a total of 12 suspected staphylococci grew on mannitol salt agar (MSA) medium, including 7 fermenters and 5 non-fermenter staphylococci based on traditional laboratory methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) successfully identified seven isolates at the genus level as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus spp. by targeting a common region of the me

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A New Spectrophotometric Method for Analysis of Allopurinol in Aqueous Solutions and Pharmaceutical Preparations
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A new method for determination of allopurinol in microgram level depending on its ability to reduce the yellow absorption spectrum of (I-3) at maximum wavelength ( ?max 350nm) . The optimum conditions such as "concentration of reactant materials , time of sitting and order of addition were studied to get a high sensitivity ( ? = 27229 l.mole-1.cm-1) sandal sensitivity : 0.0053 µg cm-2 ,with wide range of calibration curve ( 1 – 9 µg.ml-1 ) good stability (more then24 hr.) and repeatability ( RSD % : 2.1 -2.6 % ) , the Recovery % : ( 98.17 – 100.5 % ) , the Erel % ( 0.50 -1.83 % ) and the interference's of Xanthine , Cystein , Creatinine , Urea and the Glucose in 20 , 40 , 60 fold of analyate were also studied .

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 18 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
New Versions of Liu-type Estimator in Weighted and non-weighted Mixed Regression Model
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This paper considers and proposes new estimators that depend on the sample and on prior information in the case that they either are equally or are not equally important in the model. The prior information is described as linear stochastic restrictions. We study the properties and the performances of these estimators compared to other common estimators using the mean squared error as a criterion for the goodness of fit. A numerical example and a simulation study are proposed to explain the performance of the estimators.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Designand Implementation of New DES64X and DES128X on 32, 64 Bit Operating System Environments
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In this paper, a description of a design for new DES block cipher, namely DES64X and DES128X. The goals of this design, a part of its security level, are large implementation flexibility on various operating systems as well as high performances. The high level structure is based on the principle of DES and Feistel schema, and proposes the design of an efficient key-schedule algorithm which will output pseudorandomsequences of subkeys. The main goal is to reach the highest possible flexibility, in terms of round numbers, key size, and block size. A comparison of the proposed systems on 32-bit, 64-bit operating system, using 32-bit and 64-bit Java Virtual Machine (JVM), showed that the latter has much better performance than the former.

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Research On The Lepidoptera
Description of New Iraqi Spider Ananeon Howardensis (Arachnida: Salticidae) and the Prey Capture Method
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Effect different concetration and pH on complexes formation of New Tetradentate Schiff base Ligand
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New N2O2 donor kind Schiff basehas been destined and structured by reaction Ampyrone with O-hydroxyacetophenone and Anthranilic acid. The metal complexes of the Schiff base with Mn(II), Hg(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Co(II) metal ions were designed and characterized by magnetic susceptibility, elemental analyses, molar conduction, IR, and 1H NMR,UV-Vis spectral metrics.The UV-Vis. and magnetic susceptibility data of the complexes suggest a square-planar, tetrahedraland octahedral geometries around the central metal ions. All elaborations were accomplished after determination the optimum molar concentration and pH which followed law of Lambert-Beer's in the researches pH scopes. The composition of these complexes were conclude dapprobating to t

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