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The Effect of TNF-Alpha Gene Polymorphisms At -376 G/A, -806 C/T, and -1031 T/C on The Likelihood of Becoming a Non-Responder to Etanercept in A Sample of Iraqi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists’ therapy are expensive and has a non-responsive rate between 30% to 40% in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Genetic variation plays a vital role in the responsiveness to this type of therapy.The aim of this study is to investigate if the presence of genetic polymorphism in the TNF-α gene promoter region at locations -376 G/A (rs1800750), -806 C/T (rs4248158), and -1031 T/C (rs1799964) affects rheumatoid arthritis patient's tendency to be a non-responder to etanercept.

Eighty RA patients on etanercept (ETN) for at least six months were recruited from the Rheumatology Unit at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Based on The European League Against Rheumatism response (EULAR) criteria, patients were divided into two groups: responders and non-responders. After polymerase chain reaction amplification of their DNA, the amplified DNA was sequenced by Sanger method to determine the polymorphisms at the positions -376G/A, -806 C/T, and -1031T/C.

The results of this study found that equally Phi correlation and binary logistic regression analysis revealed a non-significant association for all genotypes in the three polymorphic sites with the tendency for being non-responder. Moreover, there was no significant difference in TNF-α mean level or the change in disease activity score for 28 joints (DAS28) after six months of etanercept therapy between all genotypes for each polymorphic site.

The present study concludes that there was no correlation between the polymorphisms in the TNF-α promoter region at -376G/A, -806 C/T, and -1031T/C with the tendency for being non-responder to ETN.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Elastic electron scattering from 17Ne and 27P exotic nuclei
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The ground state proton, neutron and matter densities andcorresponding root mean square radii of unstable proton-rich 17Neand 27P exotic nuclei are studied via the framework of the twofrequencyshell model. The single particle harmonic oscillator wavefunctions are used in this model with two different oscillator sizeparameters core b and halo , b the former for the core (inner) orbitswhereas the latter for the halo (outer) orbits. Shell model calculationsfor core nucleons and for outer (halo) nucleons in exotic nuclei areperformed individually via the computer code OXBASH. Halostructure of 17Ne and 27P nuclei is confirmed. It is found that thestructure of 17Ne and 27P nuclei have 25 / 2 (1d ) and 1/ 2 2s -dominantconfigurations, resp

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Symmetric and Positive Definite Broyden Update for Unconstrained Optimization
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Broyden update is one of the one-rank updates which solves the unconstrained optimization problem but this update does not guarantee the positive definite and the symmetric property of Hessian matrix.

In this paper the guarantee of positive definite and symmetric property for the Hessian matrix will be established by updating the vector  which represents the difference between the next gradient and the current gradient of the objective function assumed to be twice continuous and differentiable .Numerical results are reported to compare the proposed method with the Broyden method under standard problems.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
PC-Based Controller for Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
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PC-based controller is an approach to control systems with Real-Time parameters by controlling selected manipulating variable to accomplish the objectives. Shell and tube heat exchanger have been identified as process models that are inherently nonlinear and hard to control due to unavailability of the exact models’ descriptions. PC and analogue input output card will be used as the controller that controls the heat exchanger hot stream to the desired temperature.
The control methodology by using four speed pump as manipulating variable to control the temperature of the hot stream to cool to the desired temperature.
In this work, the dynamics of cross flow shell and tube heat exchanger is modeled from step changes in cold water f

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 20 2019
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Article Japan's social structure and useful Implications for Iraq
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The development of Japanese society passed through long historical stages and as a result of the bitter experience of Japan in the Second World War and its exhaustion, it was able to build a modern modern state after 1945. Japan is a country of culture, civilization, science and technology, a country that appreciates the value of solidarity work. And the role of active civil society. This is what makes us in Iraq stand and draw their experience in the advancement and development, especially that they also passed bitter political stages, Iraq today passes through the most historical periods of forestry through its historical heritage in terms of the existence of complex social problems, the US occupation of Iraq in 2003 highlighte

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Fuzuli al-Baghdadi, his purposes and his poetic arts
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This research is mainly about the Arabic poetical work of the poet “Fadhuli AL-Baghdadi ». It aims to show the poetic purposes used like (advice, flirting and praise). This research sheds some lights on how the poetical work was hardly found because it has only one copy, which is originally a transcript

This study analyses AL-Baghdadi's poems, as well as Sheding some lights on earlier life and his other compositions, AL-Baghdadi is considered a tri-lingual poet who wrote in Turkish, Arabic and persian. His Surname as "AL- Baghdadin was as mentioned by some historians, due to his being born in Baghdad or to All a resident in Baghdad at that some poets, who wrote in Arabic have been mentioned here also, like The judge Burhan Al-

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Separation Benzene and Toluene from BTX using Zeolite 13X
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This work deals with the separation of benzene and toluene from a BTX fraction. The separation was carried out using adsorption by molecular sieve zeolite 13X in a fixed bed. The concentration of benzene and toluene in the influent streams was measured using gas chromatography. The effect of flow rate in the range 0.77 – 2.0 cm3/min on the benzene and toluene extraction from BTX fraction was studied. The flow rate increasing decreases the breakthrough and saturation times. The effect of bed height in the range 31.6 – 63.3 cm on benzene and toluene adsorption from BTX fraction was studied. The increase of bed height increasing increases the break point values. The effect of the concentration of benzene in the range 0.0559 – 0.2625g/

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Remorse And Its Relationship With Conscientiousness Among University Students
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Situational regret and its relation to the vitality of conscience among university students The research seeks to identify situational regret and its relation to the vitality of conscience among university students, identify the significant differences in regard with students’ gender, and identify if there is a correlation between situational regret and the vitality of conscience. To do this, two scales were adopted; one to measure situational regret consisted of (31) items, which was designed by (Al-badrani, 2006), besides, costa and macrys’ (1992) scale that translated in Arabic language by (Al-qaisy, 2013). It composed of (35) items. Total of (120) male and female students were collected from three-different colleges (science, art

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Publication Date
Tue May 20 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Estimating Water Quality from Satellite Image and Reflectance Data
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The useful of remote sensing techniques in Environmental Engineering and another science is to save time, Coast and efforts, also to collect more accurate information under monitoring mechanism. In this research a number of statistical models were used for determining the best relationships between each water quality parameter and the mean reflectance values generated for different channels of radiometer operate simulated to the thematic Mappar satellite image. Among these models are the regression models which enable us to as certain and utilize a relation between a variable of interest. Called a dependent variable; and one or more independent variables

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterizationof Some New Phenolic Schiff Bases Derivatives
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Starting from bis (4,4'-diamino phenoxy) ethan(1), a variety of phenolicschiff bases (methylolic, etheric, epoxy) derivatives have been synthesized. All proposed structure were supported by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR Elemental analysis, some derivatives evaluated by thermal analysis (TGA).

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Agreeableness and Its Relation with Orientation towards Voluntary Work
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The current study aims to identify agreeableness and orientation towards voluntary work of officials in public facilities, as well as to identify the nature of the correlation between agreeableness and orientation towards voluntary work of officials in public facilities. To achieve the aims of the research, the researchers designed the agreeableness scale, which consists of (28) items in its final form. The researchers also built a scale of orientation towards voluntary work, which consists of (29) items in its final form. Psychometric properties of validity and reliability of the two scales were extracted in various ways. The researcher applied the two scales on a sample of (400) officials, the results indicated that the

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