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bijps-1509
Development of novel paracetamol/naproxen co-crystals with an improvement in naproxen solubility.
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Co-crystals are new solid forms of drugs that could resolve more than one problem associated with drugs formulations like solubility, stability, bioavailability, mechanical and tableting properties. A preliminary theoretical study for estimating the possible bonding between the co-crystal components (paracetamol and naproxen) was performed using the ChemOffice program. The results revealed a high possibility for bonding between paracetamol and naproxen and indicated the ability of molecular mechanics study to predict the co-crystal design.

       In this work, four different methods were used for the preparation of three different ratios 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 of paracetamol:naproxen co-crystals. The four methods are liquid-assisted grinding, solvent evaporation method, ultrasonic-assisted co-crystallization, and microwave-assisted co-crystallization. The characterization of the prepared co-crystal was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Differential scanning calorimetry, Powder X-Ray diffraction, and Field emission scanning electron microscopy.

       The results showed that the most successful method for co-crystal production was solvent evaporation methods. The FTIR and DSC results indicated the formation of paracetamol-naproxen co-crystals when prepared by using the solvent evaporation method in the three ratios 1:1 (N1), 2:1 (N2), and 1:2 (N3). Moreover, the PXRD results confirm the previous conclusions.

       A solubility study was conducted to compare the water solubility of pure paracetamol and naproxen with co-crystals solubility. The naproxen solubility was improved by more than two times in (1:1) and (1:2) paracetamol/naproxen co-crystals.

       To conclude, this work succeeded in formation of new paracetamol/naproxen co-crystals, which can be considered as a new promising technique for formulation of these two drugs with an obvious enhancement in naproxen solubility and crystallinity. This could be exploited in preparation of tablets with possible enhancement in dissolution and bioavailability, however, further work is needed to prove this assumption.

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 06 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Polymers And The Environment
Novel Sorbent of Sand Coated with Humic Acid-Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Elimination of Copper and Cadmium Ions from Contaminated Water
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Nanoparticles of humic acid and iron oxide were impregnated on the inert sand to produce sorbent for treating groundwater contained of cadmium and copper ions by technology of permeable reactive barrier (PRB). Sewage sludge was the source of the humic acid to prepare the coated sand by humic acid—iron oxide (CSHAIO) sorbent; so, this work is consistent with sustainable development. For 10 mg/L metal concentration, batch tests at speed of 200 rpm signified that the removal efficiencies are greater than 90% at sorbent dosage 0.25 g/ 50 mL, pH 6 and contact time 1 h. The kinetic data was well described by the Pseudo first-order model indicating that physicosorption is the predominant mechanism. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) were c

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Drug Delivery Science And Technology
Antibacterial and wound healing performance of a novel electrospun nanofibers based on polymethyl-methacrylate/gelatin impregnated with different content of propolis
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Magic Realism: The Story of "An Old Man With Enormous Wings" as An Example
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This research work considers one of the authentic and most modern modes of storytelling, as employed by Garcia Marquez in one of his famous stories "An Old ManWith Enormous Wings" (1972). Technically, the work is divided into four parts: the first serves as an introduction to his literary works, his use of magic realism, and addresses mainly the interests of Arab readers; the second handles the development of modern short story through the perspective of realism, until the emergence of magic realism as a new style; the third deals with the origin, nature and development of this style, and his mastery of it; the fourth part tries to analyze the story and its plot, thoughts, characters, symbols and metaphors, in the light of the artistic p

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 19 2024
Journal Name
Ieee Explorer
A Novel Flow Priority and Continuity Control Mechanism in SDN Network
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In recent days, the escalating need to seamlessly transfer data traffic without discontinuities across the Internet network has exerted immense pressure on the capacity of these networks. Consequently, this surge in demand has resulted in the disruption of traffic flow continuity. Despite the emergence of intelligent networking technologies such as software-defined networking, network cloudification, and network function virtualization, they still need to improve their performance. Our proposal provides a novel solution to tackle traffic flow continuity by controlling the selected packet header bits (Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)) that govern the traffic flow priority. By setting the DSCP bits, we can determine the appropriate p

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
improvement and partial purification for pectinase production from pseudomonas aeuroginosa
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Electronic Trading Useand its Impacton Iraqi Stock Exchange Performance Improvement
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The Research examines the transmission advantage from Floor Trading (FT) to the Electronic Trading (ET) in the Iraqi Stock Exchange (ISE). Testing three hypothesis, first, test the significant different of market depth before and after period of ET used, second, test the significant different of market liquidity also before and after period of ET used. And third test the impact of market depth and liquidity on the performance of ISE. AnEvent Study is depended with 74 observing distributed equality on research period which is extent among 2006 to 2012, Note that the event window is 5-7-2009.The Result of hypothesis testing explore that the all three null main hypothesis is refusing and accept the alternative of it's because the ET

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Mixed Linearity Improvement Techniques for Ultra-wideband Low Noise Amplifier
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<span>We present the linearization of an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) operating from 2GHz to 11GHz through combining two linearization methods. The used linearization techniques are the combination of post-distortion cancellation and derivative-superposition linearization methods. The linearized UWB-LNA shows an improved linearity (IIP3) of +12dBm, a minimum noise figure (NF<sub>min.</sub>) of 3.6dB, input and output insertion losses (S<sub>11</sub> and S<sub>22</sub>)  below -9dB over the entire working bandwidth, midband gain of 6dB at 5.8GHz, and overall circuit power consumption of 24mW supplied from a 1.5V voltage source. Both UWB-LNA and linearized UWB-LNA designs are

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 31 2015
Journal Name
International Journal Of Advanced Research
BK polyomavirus and Cytomegalovirus Co-infections in renal transplant recipients: a single center study
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Background: Opportunistic viral infections make an important threat to renal transplantation recipients (RTRs), and with the use of more intense newly-developed immunosuppressive drugs; the risk of renal allograft loss due to reactivation of these viruses has increased considerably. At the top priority of these viruses lie BK polyomavirus (BKV) and human cytomegalovirus (CMV). Reactivation of these viruses in these chronically immunosuppressed RTRs can lead to renal impairment and subsequently allograft loss, unless early detected and properly treated. Objectives: The study aimed to detect and quantify plasma viral load of BKV and CMV in RTRs using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), in order to study the prevalence of these two viruses i

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 17 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
An Impairment of Salivary Gland Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Change in Salivary Biomarkers and Disease Activity
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Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation, involvement of exocrine salivary and lacrimal glands may occur as extra-articular mani¬festations in this disease. This study aimed to provide evidence of altered in function and composition of salivary gland in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by determine salivary flow rate and some biochemical parameters(total protein, amylase, peroxidase) and to investigate the relationship between disease activity and changes in function and composition of salivary gland. Materials and Methods: Fifty five patients with RA (7 males and 48 females) were enrolled in this study with age range (20-69) years. The patients were separated int

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Natural Science Research
Sialic Acid Is A Novel Biochemical Marker In Sera Of Iraqi Endometriotic Patients
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ABSTRACT : Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases linked with dementia, it is characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta-peptide (Ab) in the brain. The present study aims to innovate a biochemical relationship between AD and interleukin 38 (IL-38) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, expose novel mechanisms and concepts regarding other biochemical parameters studied previously or recently in AD patients and also examine the biochemical action of memantine (10 mg daily) on AD patients. Sixty (60) diagnosed AD patients participated in the present study and classified into four (4) groups: G3 were composed of (15) newly diagnosed males (52-78) years / without treatment, G4 composed of (15

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