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Effect of Oral Administration of Valerian Extract at Different Doses on Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Carbamazepine in Rabbits
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Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a narrow therapeutic index drug used in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and psychiatric disorders. Valerian (VAL) is a popular herbal product which should be prescribed to treat insomnia and anxiety. The study was designed to investigate the presence of significant pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction between Valerian (VAL) at different concentrations on Carbamazepine (CBZ) pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy male rabbits. In an in vivo, parallel-randomized controlled trial, the rabbits in three groups "first (control), second and third" were given oral doses of CBZ (50 mg/kg), for "second and third" groups (as test groups) rabbits were given (20 and 40 mg/kg/day) of the VAL respectively, as  suspension in normal saline for eight consecutive days. On the eighth day, CBZ was co-administered an hour after adding the last dose of VAL suspension. Venous blood samples (1.0-1.5 mL) were obtained from rabbits' ears' marginal vein at predetermined different periods. The plasma of this blood separation was done using centrifugation and stored at -80°C, prior to analysis by using CBZ chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay detection kit. Different PK parameters such as Cmax, tmax, t½,  ke, AUC0-24 and AUC0-∞ were determined for the three groups, applying Statistical testing (ANOVA). The results showed statistical insignificant differences for all PK parameters among the three groups with (p˃0.05). The findings showed that VAL at both concentrations is not likely to interfere with PK parameters related to CBZ, Further confirmation in humans shoud be done before these findings are applied to patient care.

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2024
Journal Name
Cytokine
Lupeol stimulates iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-10 expression in the U937 cell line infected with old-world Leishmania donovani
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2025
Journal Name
Babcock University Medical Journal
Microbial Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Burn and Wound Infections: A Study from the Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital, Iraq
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Objective: Comprehending microbial diversity and antibiotic resistance patterns is essential for efficient treatment protocols. This study sought to determine the incidence of bacterial and fungal pathogens responsible for burn and wound infections and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 140 patients with burn or wound infections. Sterile swabs and pus aspiration were employed to collect samples, which were subsequently processed using standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic resistance was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.0, and the Chi-

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 02 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Salivary α-Amylase and Albumin Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Poorly or Well Controlled Type II Diabetes Mellitus
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Background: Recent studies suggest that chronic periodontitis (CP) and type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are bidirectionally associated. Analysis of saliva as a mirror of oral and systemic health could allow identification of α amylase (α-Am) and albumin (A1) antioxidant system markers to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of both diseases. The present study aims at comparing the clinical periodontal parameters in chronic periodontitis patients with poorly or well controlled Type 2Diabetes Mellitus, salivary α-Am, A1, flow rate (FR) and pH then correlate between biochemical, physical and clinical periodontal parameters of each study and control groups. Materials and Methods: 80 males, with an age range of (35-50) years were divide

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison between the empirical bayes method with moments method to estimate the affiliation parameter in the clinical trials using simulation
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In this research the Empirical Bayes method is used to Estimate the affiliation parameter in the clinical trials and then we compare this with the Moment Estimates for this parameter using Monte Carlo stimulation , we assumed that the distribution of the observation is binomial distribution while the distribution with the unknown random parameters is beta distribution ,finally we conclude that the Empirical bayes method for the random affiliation parameter is efficient using Mean Squares Error (MSE) and for different Sample size .

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2012
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The hadiths that al-Mazy cited in his book "Tuhfat al-Ashraf" from the Imam Ahmad Imam's collection and study
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This research seeks to attempt to reveal the intention of Al-Hafiz Al-Mazi from his market to hadiths from Imam Ahmad’s Musnad in his book “Masterpiece of Supervision in Knowing the Parties”, and researchers know that this book was classified by Al-Mazi to collect the parties to the six books: Sahih Al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abi Dawud, Jamea Al-Tirmidhi and Sunan Al-Nasa’i and Sunan Ibn Majah, in addition to some of the books ’authors’ books, and arranging them according to the Musnad, and it is not Musnad Ahmad from his condition, even if it is close to the arrangement of Mazi’s work, as he was a follower of that to the original owner Abu al-Qasim bin Asaker in his book “Supervising Knowledge of the Parties” in M

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Spatial Aesthetics in the Novels (Shai Al-Aroos by Maysaloon Hadi) and (Qiyamat Baghdad by Alya Talib) Balance Technical Study
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This study aims to create spatial balance between two Iraqi writers' novels (Maysaloon
Hadi, Alya Talib) technical and objective illustrates similarity points and difference in the
writers' style. We depended in our research on spatial classification considering the aggressive
and friendly, since the writers focused on them.
The research study concluded to many sides, some of which are similar and some are
different. Firstly, ingenuity description of the writers. Followed by the deep connection they
have. Because of the personal experience it emanated from alienation sensations and nostalgia
to deep roots to homeland.
On the other hand, difference aspects, we see Maysaloon takes symbols and illusions
unlike Aly

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Classism Hate Speech in Katherine Mansfield's Short Story ‘The Doll’s House’: A Pragmatic Study: ايمان نوري جاسم , مصلح شويش احمد
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Hate speech (henceforth HS) has recently spread and become an important issue. This type of speech in children's writings has a particular formulation and specific objectives that the authors intend to convey. Thus, the study aims at examining qualitatively and quantitatively the classism HS and its pragmatic functions via identifying the speech acts used to express  classism HS, the implicature instigated as well as impoliteness. Since pragmatics is the study of language in context, which is greatly related to the situations and speaker’s intention, this study depends on pragmatic theoriespeech acts, impoliteness and conversational implicature) to analyze the data which are taken from Katherine Mansfield's short story (The D

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
British Journal Of Neurosurgery
An enemy hides in the ceiling; pediatric traumatic brain injury caused by metallic ceiling fan: Case series and literature review
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Purpose: We report a series of 29 pediatric patients who sustained head injuries due to metallic ceiling fans. They all were admitted to the Emergency Department of Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, during January 2015 to January 2017. Results: Pediatric ceiling fan head injuries are characterized by four traits which distinguish them from other types of head injuries; 1- Most of them were because of climbing on or jumping from furniture between the ages of two and five. 2- Most of them sustained compound depressed skull fracture which associated with intracranial lesions and pneumocephalus. 3- The most common indication for surgical intervention was because of dirty wound which mixed with hairs. 4- These variables were stati

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
measure the relationship between imported inflation and foreign trade in the Iraqi economy for long 1990-2015 using model nardl
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The study aims to discuss the relation between imported inflation and international trade of Iraqi economy for the period (1990-2015) by using annual data. To achieve the study aim, statistical and Econometrics methods are used through NARDL model to explain non-linear relation because it’s a model assigned to measure non-linear relations and as we know most economic relations are non-linear, beside explaining positive and negative effects of imported inflation, and to reach the research aim deductive approach was adopted through using descriptive method to describe and determine phenomenon. Beside the inductive approach by g statistical and standard tools to get the standard model explains the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Multifunctional Morphemes in Kurdish Language the Morpheme Le as an example: فرەئەرکی مۆرفیمەکان لە زمانی کوردیدا مۆرفیمی (لە) بەنموونە
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Kurdish language multifunctional morphemes indicate the different functional morphological, syntactical, and semantic tasks of the morphemes. The present study discusses the multifunctional task of the Morpheme Le in Kurdish Language. The Morpheme Le has marginally been included in other studies, yet up to the present times, there has not been a research inclusively dedicated to thoroughly discuss and clarify its multifunctional aspects. The  present study is divided into two chapters:

       Chapter one discusses the theoretical aspect of chapter two that is entirely concerned with the practical aspect of the morpheme Le. The first part of chapte

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