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Effect of Oral Administration of Valerian Extract at Different Doses on Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Carbamazepine in Rabbits
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Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a narrow therapeutic index drug used in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and psychiatric disorders. Valerian (VAL) is a popular herbal product which should be prescribed to treat insomnia and anxiety. The study was designed to investigate the presence of significant pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction between Valerian (VAL) at different concentrations on Carbamazepine (CBZ) pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy male rabbits. In an in vivo, parallel-randomized controlled trial, the rabbits in three groups "first (control), second and third" were given oral doses of CBZ (50 mg/kg), for "second and third" groups (as test groups) rabbits were given (20 and 40 mg/kg/day) of the VAL respectively, as  suspension in normal saline for eight consecutive days. On the eighth day, CBZ was co-administered an hour after adding the last dose of VAL suspension. Venous blood samples (1.0-1.5 mL) were obtained from rabbits' ears' marginal vein at predetermined different periods. The plasma of this blood separation was done using centrifugation and stored at -80°C, prior to analysis by using CBZ chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay detection kit. Different PK parameters such as Cmax, tmax, t½,  ke, AUC0-24 and AUC0-∞ were determined for the three groups, applying Statistical testing (ANOVA). The results showed statistical insignificant differences for all PK parameters among the three groups with (p˃0.05). The findings showed that VAL at both concentrations is not likely to interfere with PK parameters related to CBZ, Further confirmation in humans shoud be done before these findings are applied to patient care.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of nurses' knowledge towards signs of gross motor delay for children at Alhawija District in Kirkuk Governorate
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Background: the early identification of developmental disabilities allows intervention at the earliest possible point to
improve the developmental potential.
Objective: Identify the scope of knowledge of nurses toward signs of gross motor delay for children and its relation to
their demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive study design was conducted at (18) primary health care centers in first of the primary
health care sector of Alhawija District in Kirkuk Governorate. This study started from September 2010 to the end of
January 2011, in order to identify the level of nurses' knowledge toward signs of gross motor delay for children in
primary health care centers. Non probability (purposive) sample of

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 11 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Developing the Social Studies Curriculum at the Primary Stage in View of the Standards of the Next Generation
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The aim of the current research is to develop the social studies curriculum at the primary stage in light of the standards of the next generation, which was represented in three main dimensions (pivotal ideas, scientific practices, and comprehensive concepts). The researcher designed a tool for the study, which is a content analysis card in the light of (NGSS) standards, based on the previous main dimensions. The descriptive analytical approach was adopted in analyzing the social studies curriculum for the primary stage to determine the degree to which the standards of the next generation are available, as well as to establish the theoretical framework related to the research variables. To develop the social studies curriculum in light o

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Surgical variables analysis of 116 cases of ovarian cystic diseases in Al- Elwiya maternity teaching hospital at 2013
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Background: The treatment of an ovarian cyst relies on its nature, the discrimination of benign and malignant cysts is, therefore of crucial importance, and in spite of the continuous improvement of diagnostic means, it remains sometimes impossible to differentiate functional from organic (malignant or not) ovarian cysts. The therapeutic decision will search for the main midway between cancer’s negligence and the fear of performing an unnecessary surgical operation for an ovarian cyst.Objective: To review of 116 cases of ovarian cystic diseases aiming in identify proper management and reducing unnecessary surgical intervention.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Al-Elwiya maternity teaching hospital/ Baghdad/ Iraq. One hund

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Measuring the relationship between the skills required for the labor market and the employment of graduates of community colleges in KSA: An applied study on a sample of faculty members at KKU
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This study has aimed to measure the relationship between the skills required for the labor market and the employment of graduates of community colleges at King Khalid University. For gathering the required data, a questionnaire has been designed and distributed to the faculty members of community colleges at King Khalid University in a random sample method. The chosen sample size has covered (123) individuals. Questionnaire forms have been distributed and retrieved from (117) participants. Therefore, the estimated response has reached 95 % of the total sample size. The results of the study have shown that there is not any significant relationship between the skills which the graduates   acquire and the requirements of employmen

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 20 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Determination of Some heavy metals in Different vinegar Samples Applied in folk medicine by flame atomic absorption Spectrophotometry
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A study was carried out to analysis of some heavy metals in nine different types of vinegar, belong to Grape, Apple, Synthetic White, Date, Hawthorn, Garlic, Cactus, Pomegranate and Ginger vinegar, which are locally available in Iraqi folk medicine markets. The concentrations of heavy metals in the studied samples including, Cr, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cd, Ni, Pb and Ag, were determining by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. All data were subjected to statistical analysis by calculating accuracy, precision and correlation coefficient for each concentrations level. The results indicate that Ni was recorded the highest concentration in all studied samples except, Ginger and cactus vinegar, each one receded the highest concentration valu

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Patterns of Poisoning Exposure in Different Ages in Duhok Governate: A three Years Study (2016, 2017, 2018)
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Poisoning with toxic substances accidently or deliberately can be life threatening and especially in some countries that lack the essential tests and facilities to identify the types and causes of these toxic substances. In Iraq, as many other countries, poisoning is one of the chronic public health problems. However, very little literature about the pattern of poisoning cases, types and age is available in Duhok Governorate. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the most common patterns of poisoning and the related age and gender in Duhok Governorate from 2016-2018, which would possibly contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of poisoning. The present study was conducted for three years, started from 1st of

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The level of Mental Mindfulness of College of Education Students at Umm Al-Qura University in the light of Corona Pandemic
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The aim of this research is to identify the level of mental mindfulness among female students of the College of Education at Umm Al-Qura University, as well as to identify the statistically significant differences in the level of mental mindfulness according to academic level, specialization, and academic achievement. A mental mindfulness scale was designed to cover five dimensions. The study employed the analytic descriptive approach applied to a random sample of (217) female students from various academic specializations. The findings indicated that the level of mental mindfulness was average among female students. Statistically significant differences were attributable to the academic level, academic specializations, and academic achi

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 13 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Optimization of Cutting Parameters for Milling Process of (4032) Al-Alloy using Taguchi-Based Grey Relational Analysis
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The objective of this work is to study the influence of end milling cutting process parameters, tool material and geometry on multi-response outputs for 4032 Al-alloy. This can be done by proposing an approach that combines Taguchi method with grey relational analysis. Three cutting parameters have been selected (spindle speed, feed rate and cut depth) with three levels for each parameter. Three tools with different materials and geometry have been also used to design the experimental tests and runs based on matrix L9. The end milling process with several output characteristics is solved using a grey relational analysis. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the major influencing parameters on multi-objective response w

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The use of the genetic algorithm to estimate the parameters function of the hypoexponential distribution by simulation
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In this research, the focus was placed on estimating the parameters of the Hypoexponential distribution function using the maximum likelihood method and genetic algorithm. More than one standard, including MSE, has been adopted for comparison by Using the simulation method

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The face of the pressures of life styles to Riyadh parameters and the relationship with some variables
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I noticed a researcher while working in the kindergarten that there is a group of
parameters resort to the use of different methods may be some undesirable and some
undesirable So felt researcher detection methods used parameters Riyadh in the face of the
pressures of life, being engaged in kindergarten eligibility, governmental or being married or
unmarried, as well as educational attainment for this parameter.
To achieve the objectives of the research: -
The researcher prepare a scale methods face the pressures of life of the parameters
have been confirmed the veracity of the paragraphs of the scale of the presentation to a group
of experts in this area, and extracted power discriminatory clauses scale and extra

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