Felodipine is a calcium-channel blocker with low aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Lipid dosage forms are attractive delivery systems for such hydrophobic drug molecules. Nanoemulsion (NE) is one of the popular methods that has been used to solve the dispersibility problems of many drugs. Felodipine was formulated as a NE utilizing oleic acid as an oil phase, tween 80 and tween 60 as surfactants and ethanol as a co-surfactant. Eight formulas were prepared, and different tests were performed to ensure the stability of the NEs, such as particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, dilution test, drug content, viscosity and in-vitro drug release. Results of characterization showed that felodipine nanoemulsion (F3) with (oleic acid 10%) ,(Smix 60% of tween80 :ethanol in a ratio of 3:1), (DDW 30%) was selected as the best formula, since it has a particle size of (17.01)nm, low PDI (0.392), zeta potential (-22.34mV), good dilution without drug precipitation , higher percent of drug content (99.098%) with acceptable viscosity , and complete release of the drug after (45 min.) with significantly higher (P<0.05) dissolution rate in comparison with the pure drug powder. The selected formula (F3) subjected to further investigations as drug and excipient compatibility study by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) The outcomes of the (FTIR) explain that the distinctive peaks for felodipine were not affected by other components and displayed the same functional group's band with very slight shifting. This indicates that there was no interaction between felodipine and other NE components. Therefore, these excipients were found to be compatible with felodipine. In conclusion, the NE was found to be an efficient method to enhance the dispersibility and permeatioins of drugs that have poor water solubility (lipophilic drugs).
New Schiff bases derived from D-galactose were synthesized by condensation of aldehyde (1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-6-carboxaldehyde-α-D-galactopyranose) with different aromatic amines such as (4-bromo, 3-hydroxy, 4-iodo, 4-methoxy) aniline in dry benzene using glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. These compounds were converted to oxazepine derivatives by addition reaction with maleic anhydride in dry benzene as a solvent. The structures of the synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectra, some of them by using 1HNMR spectra and measurement of its physical properties.
Poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylenevinyl] (MEH-PPV) thin films were created in this study using both spin coating and drop casting processes. MEH-PPV thin films generated by Ferric Chloride (FeCl3) doping (0.03, 0.06, 0.09, and 0.12 wt%) were studied for some physical features using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). An FTIR test showed that there was no chemical reaction that occurred between Ferric Chloride (FeCl3) and MEH-PPV, but rather a physical one, that is, an organic material composite occurred. As for FE-SEM, the pure sample MEH-PPV formed uniformly, but when FeCl3 was added by weight, we have differ
... Show MoreNano crystalline copper sulphide (Cu2S) thin films pure and 3% Bi doped were deposited on glass substrate by thermal evaporation technique of thickness 400±20 nm under a vacuum of ~ 2 × 10− 5 mbar to study the influence of annealing temperatures ( as-deposited, and 573) K on structural, surface morphology and optical properties of (Cu2S and Cu2S:3%Bi). (XRD) X-ray diffraction analysis showed (Cu2S and Cu2S:3%Bi) films before and after annealing are polycrystalline and hexagonal structure. AFM measurement approves that (Cu2S and Cu2S:3%Bi) films were Nano crystalline with grain size of (105.05-158.12) nm. The optical properties exhibits good optical absorption for Cu2S:3%Bi films. Decreased of optical band gap from 2.25 to 2 eV after dop
... Show MoreNew nano composites containing Schiff bases have been synthesized and presented in this paper. All compounds have been categorized through FT-IR and some of them by H-NMR spectroscopy. The antibacterial performance of the prepared compounds has been investigated according to the agar diffusion method. The compounds (P1,P2,C1, and C2) have shown, in general, significant inhibition against bacterial.
ABSTRACT: In this research SnO2 thin films have been prepared by using hot plate atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD) on glass and Si (n-type) substrates at various temperatures. Optical properties have been measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer, maximum transmittance about (94%) at 400 0C. Structure properties have been studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) , its shows that all films have a crystalline structure in nature and by increasing growth temperature from(350-500) 0C diffraction peaks becomes sharper and grain size has been change. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) uses to analyze the morphology of the Tine Oxides surface structure. Roughness & Root mean square for different temperature have been investigated. The r
... Show MoreEthanol as a solvent, a precursor of titanium isopropoxide and a stabilizer of either hydrochloric acid or ammonium hydroxide was used to prepare a titanium dioxide aqueous solution. The aqueous solutions with different values of pH and the morphology of the resultant reaction of the nanoparticles of titanium dioxide were investigated. The X-ray diffraction showed that at low temperatures and with acidic solutions, rutile structures are more favorable to grow on titanium dioxide synthesized, while at low and average temperatures and with base solutions, anatase phase is more pronounced. The crystalline form and the re-confirmation of the crystallite size growth were observed by the scanning electron microscopy. The atomic force micr
... Show MoreIn this review, previous studies on the synthesis and characterization of the metal Complexes with paracetamol by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, (IR, NMR and UV-Vis (spectroscopy and conductivity. In reviewing these studies, the authors found that paracetamol can be coordinated through the pair of electrons on the hydroxyl O-atom, carbonyl O-atom, and N-atom of the amide group. If the paracetamol was a monodentate ligand, it will be coordinated by one of the following atoms O-hydroxyl, O-carbonyl or N-amide. But if the paracetamol was bidentate, it is coordinated by atoms (O-carbonyl and N-amide), (O-hydroxyl and N-amide) or (O-carbonyl and O-hydroxyl). The authors also found that free paracetamol and its complexes have antimicrobial
... Show MoreNano particles of Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The synthesized film is annealed at (200 , 300, 450) o C for 3 hours . The XRD and AFM for the analysis of its structural and micro-structural characteristic has been preformed. The average grain size was found to be about 32.50 nm .There is a preferred orientation along (200) plane with texture coefficient 1.79, 1.644, 1.763 and 1.792 for deposited and annealed films, corresponding to grain size 57,58 ,51 and 51 nm. The variations of stress with temperature is ranged from 0.157 - 0.376 GPa .
The new schiff bases derived from D-erythroascorbic acid contaning heterocyclic unit were synthesized by condensation of D-erythroascorbic acid with aromatic amine (containing 1,3,4oxadiazole or 1,3,4-thiadiazole unit) in dry benzene using glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. Derythroascorbic acid [IV] was synthesized by four steps (Scheme 1), while the primary aromatic amine which is containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole [VII] or 1,3,4-thiadiazole [VIII] synthesized by the reaction of 4methoxy benzoyle hydrazine [VI] with 4-amino benzoic acid or by the reaction tuloic acid with thiosemicarbazide, respectively in the presence of POCl3. The new 1,3-oxazepine derivatives were obtained by addition reaction of Schiff bases with d
... Show MoreA new series of N-acyl hydrazones (4a-g) derived from indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) were synthesized. These N-acyl hydrazones were prepared by the reaction of 3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propane hydrazide and aldehyde in the existence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. 1HNMR and FT-IR analyses were used to identify the synthesized compounds and they were in vitro evaluated as antibacterial agents against six different types of microorganisms by using well diffusion method. All the tested N-acyl hydrazones (4a-g) displayed moderate activity against the Gram-negative E.coli, comparable to that of Amoxicillin. Some of the tested N-acyl hydrazones also exhibited intermediate activity ag
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