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bijps-1441
Understanding the Experience of Hospital Pharmacists with the Effectiveness, Safety, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Interchangeability of Biopharmaceutical Medicines
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The study objectives were to 1) explore the real-world experience of hospital pharmacists with the differences in effectiveness safety, and interchangeability between biosimilar medicines and their reference biological counterparts, 2) reveal pharmacist recommendations to enhance the safety of biopharmaceutical medicines in public hospitals.

The study has a mixed-method design where the core component was qualitative (interviews) and the supplemental component was quantitative (adverse drug reaction, ADR, reports). This qualitative component included semi-structured (mostly face-to-face) interviews involving hospital pharmacists from different hospitals with experience with biological or biosimilar medicines. The interviews were conducted from Nov 2020 through Feb 2021. Thematic analyses were used to analyze qualitative data generated from the interviews.

The study sample included 25 pharmacists from ten governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. The pharmacists were 21 women and 4 men. Because most pharmacists had a short experience with biosimilar medications, they were unsure about their effectiveness and safety. Most pharmacists preferred reference biological over biosimilar medicines because of their effectiveness.  However, they believed that initial prescribing and switching between a reference and counterpart biosimilar rely on their availability. The pharmacists tended to underreport biopharmaceutical ADRs.

The non-sustainable supply of the same biopharmaceutical medicines in public hospitals negatively impacted pharmacist evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of biosimilar medicines. Both pharmacist interviews and the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center (IqPhvC) data showed under-reporting of biopharmaceutical ADRs. Medicine procurement in healthcare settings should focus on sustainably securing high-quality biopharmaceuticals rather than looking only at costs to enhance patient clinical outcomes.  Providing pharmacist training, electronic reporting, promoting documentation, and following up with patients is pivotal to prevent, monitor and treat their ADRs.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 27 2021
Journal Name
Palarch's Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/egyptology
The social and artistic connotations of the mural paintings of the Iraqi woman in the popular movement-an analytical study
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In the contemporary political history of Iraq, a unique protest broke out on October 1st, 2019. This protest reappeared on October 25th and lasted up to the following weeks making this protest as the most comprehensive and deepest one. It has the possibility of lengthening and the diversification of methods among all the social protesting movements during the century for Iraq. This desperate youth movement presents various images and methods to highlight the image of the protesting movement. The role of the Iraqi woman was clear, which was embodied through the mural paintings expressing her artistic and social role in conveying and expressing the goal of the protest. The aim of the current research is to identify the social artistic implica

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of the currency sale window in the stability of the dinar exchange rate and its reflection on inflation
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The: currency Auction is one of the monetary policy tools created after 2003, in order to keep pace with the changes that the monetary and financial policies will witness from financial openness and expectations of high levels of liquidity after international economic restrictions. It is necessary to re-evaluate the work of the currency Auction from time to time and observation its efficiency in adjustment the exchange rate And its reflection on the general level of prices as one of the objectives of its inception, and during the analytical aspect, it was confirmed that the currency Auction for selling the currency had a major role in adjustment the exchange rate and controlling inflation levels, due to the market’s dependence

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 20 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM AND FERTILIZING WITH HUMIC ACID ON GROWTH , YIELD, AND STORAGE ABILITY OF POTATO TUBERS.
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Two experiments were carried out, the first at the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad during spring season 2017 Everest cv. class (Elite) was used to study the effect of foliar application of calcium and magnesium and addition of humic acid to the soil on potato growth and yield, The layout of the experiment was factorial within RCBD design using three replicates. Calcium and Magnesium sprayed with concentrations (0, 500, 1000 mg.L-1), while the  humic acid was added to the soil with (0, 0.75 gm.m2),  The second experiment included  storage of tubers produced from the spring season, with to study the effect of field treatments  on improving the storability of the tubers. The results showed that the treatment of calci

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 25 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Aesthetic Discourse of the Pop Artists and its Representations in the Output of Students of the Department of Art Education: هند عبدالله عبد
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The emergence of artistic movements in Western countries was after the period of modernity. They have introduced a great dialectical problem at the level of thought and discourse, which necessitated a change in the course of the aesthetic discourse into new visions. Thus, the present research aims to identify the aesthetic discourse of pop artists' Art and its representations in the outputs of the students of the Department of Art Education. The theoretical framework included two sections: the first one, what is the aesthetic discourse and the second is the educational bases of the students' outputs. The procedures of the current research included the analytical descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of (4) outputs chosen ac

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 17 2024
Journal Name
مجلة ميسان لعلوم التربية البدنية
A historical study of the origins of the sport of polo and its development from the royal court to the stadiums of modern times
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The sport of polo, the game of kings and sultans, is one of the traditional sports that has defied time throughout its long history. It has preserved its historical roots and been able to adapt to contemporary requirements, societal transformations, and temporal and spatial variables. It has moved from an aristocratic sport practiced as a form of entertainment to a professional competitive sport. It attracts many players and millions of viewers, so it is a living model of how sports develop and transform from a local tradition into global sports with organized rules managed by international institutions and with many championships worldwide. Through this, the research objectives were formulated, including exploring sports' origins. Polo in

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2020
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Sun May 15 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Population growth and the culture of consumption A field study in the city of Arbil.: Population growth and the culture of consumption A field study in the city of Arbil.
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research objectives to:
1. identify the social, economic and cultural factors affecting consumption.
2. detect the consumption culture among the population in the city of Erbil.
3. Identify the GATT consumer protection and rights.
The most important results:
1. that there is variation in the answers of respondents about keep up with modernity in the basic consumption (necessary), it swallowed the proportion of yes answers about keep up with modernity in food consumption (72%), and is an indication of growing consumer awareness of the individual in the side of nutrition. The clothing on the side of the proportion of yes answers amounted to (85%), in the health field note that the percentage of yes answers (83%), who are abr

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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