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Some Pro and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Children with Tonsillitis and their Correlations with Vitamin D Deficiency
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Inflammation of the tonsils could be described as acute tonsillitis, mainly due to infection. Recurrent tonsillitis could be defined as 3-7 episodes during the first 3 years of age. Vitamin D, which is a neuro-hormone with pleiotropic biological activities may modulate the immune response by alleviation, and stimulation of Th1 and Th2 cell proliferation, respectively, that influence the stimulation, synthesis, and secretion of both pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In this study we aimed to shed light on the levels of vitamin D in children with different episodes of tonsillitis in association with levels of interleukins (TNFα, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10). Blood samples were collected from 48 participants in 3 groups: control, acute tonsillitis (1-2 episodes/year), chronic tonsillitis (more than 7 episodes/year), serum was separated and the levels of Vitamin D, TNFα, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 were estimated using ELISA technique. Vitamin D decreased significantly as the episodes of tonsillitis increased, with level of 16.38± 2.41ng/ml in acute and, 14.13± 2.15 ng/ml in chronic tonsillitis as compared to control (30.91± 2.31 ng/ml), while pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-2) significantly increased (46.88± 14.05 and 44.55± 9.24, 1267.25± 111.85 and 1191.72± 121.52 ng/ml, respectively) as compared to control (9.45 and 138.48 ng/ml respectively). Anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines in control group were (243.08± 28.72 and 24.27± 1.83 ng/ml, respectively), which increased non-significantly in acute and chronic tonsillitis (302.76± 38.93, 290.12± 44.69 and 28.16± 2.01, 26.29± 1.99 ng/ml, respectively). Significant direct correlation was observed between the levels of vitamin D and anti-inflammatory cytokines in chronic tonsillitis (P<0.05). In conclusion, deficiency of vitamin D may affect the number of episodes of tonsillitis in children by modulation of the secretion of some cytokines.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Services in Central Library of Salah Eldeen University and The Attitude to Computerize (Cause Study)
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The aim object of research is to show the computerized services library of Salahaldeen University in Erbil city in Iraq, so the research treatment all side of library such as building, location ,staff ,finance, resource collection and services ,we refer to. problem which face library such as administration and finance through the using Of case study method, reference source ,meeting , online comment and data record .The study focus develop in library departments, users services, management ,staff, the resource collection, building and location.
The study ending with many results and recommendation to develop the library services by using modern Information system to all users inside and outside the university and link them with other

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 03 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Communicable Diseases
Biofilm Feast: Stringent Response-Induced Changes in MRSA and MSSA Isolates, Examining icaA/ icaD Gene Expression
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Introduction: The stringent response is a bacterial adaptation mechanism triggered by stress conditions, including nutrient limitation. This response helps bacteria survive under harsh conditions, such as those encountered during infection. A key feature of the stringent response is the synthesis of the alarmone (p)ppGpp, which influences various bacterial phenotypes. In several bacterial species, stringent response activation significantly affects biofilm formation and maintenance. Methods: Clinical specimens were collected from multiple hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. Staphylococcus aureus was identified using conventional biochemical tests. The PCR technique was applied to detect mecA, icaA, and icaD genes, while the Vitek 2 compac

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
ביטויים של אהבה ושנאה בטקסטים של חמשה חומשי התורה Expressions of Love and Hatred in Pentateuch
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תקציר

     ביטויי אהבה ושנאה קבלה בההגדרות שונות, לפעמים ביניהם לבין עצמם והסכימו בזמנים אחרים מהבחינה הדתית נתפסה לאהוב ביטויים ושנאה במונחים של טוב ורע, או במונחים של חלאל וחראם למעשה, הרגשות של אהבה ושנאה הם רגשות אנושיים המקושרים לאמונות של חברות אנושיות הבנויות על העמדה של דתות מכל נושא או מקרה  , דבר אשר אהוב על ידי הקדושים והכמורה יהיה חלאל, וכל מה שהם שונאים יהיה חראם במילים אח

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Publication Date
Tue May 19 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Oral manifestations, biochemical, and IL-6 analysis of saliva in major depressive disorder patients under treatment
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Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is mental disorder characterized by an all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem, and by loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. The aims of the study: were to determine the prevalence of oral manifestation among patients with major depressive disorder receiving antidepressant drugs, and detect alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total Salivary proteins (TSP), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in relation to MDD patients under treatment and to compare with healthy controls. Materials and method: (50) MDD patients; between the ages of 20 years and 60 years.The depression patients are divided into (25) patients under treatment with fluoxetine (Prozac), and (25) patients under tr

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 08 2022
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Performance Prediction in EDM Process for Al 6061 Alloy Using Response Surface Methodology and Genetic Algorithm
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The Electric Discharge (EDM) method is a novel thermoelectric manufacturing technique in which materials are removed by a controlled spark erosion process between two electrodes immersed in a dielectric medium. Because of the difficulties of EDM, determining the optimum cutting parameters to improve cutting performance is extremely tough. As a result, optimizing operating parameters is a critical processing step, particularly for non-traditional machining process like EDM. Adequate selection of processing parameters for the EDM process does not provide ideal conditions, due to the unpredictable processing time required for a given function. Models of Multiple Regression and Genetic Algorithm are considered as effective methods for determ

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 28 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The dialectic of the relationship between democracy and freedom in the political thought of karl popper
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Recent studies agree that the democratic system in a country can only be established in an atmosphere of political and religious freedom. However, the term democracy and the term freedom have become controversial because their concepts remain multiple and different. Karl Popper is one of the most prominent philosophers in modern Western political thought, and one of the defenders of democracy as opposite to dictatorship. It has defined its function by its ability to restrain the ruling elite and to enforce it to prevent their tendency to tyranny. This can be achieved only in the context of the close relationship between democracy and freedom, so, if there is democracy in the absence of absolute freedom, democracy is a gateway to expandin

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
“Impact of culvature and magnetic force on waveform transition of Pseudo plastic fluid in flexible channel”
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Abstract<p>Waveform transport of Pseudo plastic fluid in complaint symmetric channel with culvature properties has designed. The efforts of magnetic force, which has applied by radiate direction in the analysis, is considered by using the influence of Hartmann number. Walls properties with slip conditions on velocity distribution as well as stream function are used. The analysis of" heat and mass transfer" has taken into account. More popularized factual constraints known by the convective conditions are applied. The partial differential equations of motion, temperature and concentration is reduced under the simulation of low quantity of wave number and Reynolds number and then transformed to or</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue May 19 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
HUMAN MODELING IN THE IRAQI PRESS: (A Survey of Human Modeling for March And April 2011)
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This research deals with what so called concept of The Human Model and how Iraqi Media concerns of this concept practically as it plays a key role in attracting readers, on the first hand. On the second, it is important to shed light on the scientific desire of the Iraqi Media and how it deals with this contemporary trend especially in editorial media.

The importance of the research stems from the fact that it alerts to a new stream of modern trends in journalistic writing, according to many modern Arab and foreign media studies; and to the importance of employing human modeling in dealing with facts, events, issues and problems in various editorial arts within their effective influence in concilia

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Title “public , private and edition” By Imam Al-Qanuji, in his book Al-Raudha Al- Nadi
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Abstract

The research discusses the biography of Imam Al-Qanuji,  his syllabus in his book “ Raudha Al- Nadia , and Public, particular, edition  definition. Then it mentions the types of matters and the Imam Al-Qanuji’s opinion in it, and it mentions the early and contemporary scholars’ opinions and simplifies their logical and unwritten proofs. It also discusses and librates the place of dispute, then it swages reliable based on the power of the proof and interest without any contravention which the orthodox law orders.  Furthermore, the research discusses matters like,  whether there is any particular formula for public, or whether the public considers the Quraan as i

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 11 2021
Journal Name
Neuroquantology
Investigate and Calculation Electron Transfer Rate Constant in the N749 Sensitized Dye Contact to ZnSe Semiconductor
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The dye–semiconductor interface between N749 sensitized and zinc semiconductor (ZnSe) has been investigated and studied according to quantum transition theory with focusing on the electron transfer processes from the N749 sensitized (donor) to the ZnSe semiconductor (acceptor). The electron transfer rate constant and the orientation energy were studied and evaluated depended on the polarity of solvents according to refractive index and dielectric constant coefficient of solvents and ZnSe semiconductor. Attention focusing on the influence of orientation energies on the behavior of electron transfer rate constant. Differentdata of rate constant was discussion with orientation energy and effective driving energy for N749-ZnSe system.

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