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Safety Profile of Biological Drugs in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Pharmacovigilance Study
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Biological drugs have an active substance that is made by a living organism or derived from a living organism. They are one of the important therapy options used in a wide range of diseases especially life-threatening diseases. Biological therapy opens new opportunities for treating different diseases for which drug therapy is minimal, but they have considerable differences in the safety consequences in comparison with non-biological drugs. The aim of the current study was to assess the post-marketing safety profile of biological drugs used in Iraqi hospitals by the analysis of the reported adverse drug reactions regarding their severity, seriousness, preventability, expectedness, and outcome. It is a retrospective study of the individual case safety reports from the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center/Ministry of Health. There were 446 individual case safety reports in the research, involving 899 adverse drug reactions. Rituximab was found to be the drug with the highest number of adverse drug reactions with 241 adverse drug reactions (26.81% out of total adverse drug reactions). Most of the adverse drug reactions were related to general disorders and administration site conditions (22.25%). Regarding severity of adverse drug reactions, the majority of adverse drug reactions were observed in moderate levels [Level 4 (26%), and Level 3 (18%)]. The severe adverse drug reactions in patients below 18 years age group were significantly higher compared to adults and elderly. Seriousness assessment showed that the majority of adverse drug reactions were serious (52%). Rituximab was the drug for which the highest number of serious adverse drug reactions was reported (41.28% of total serious adverse drug reactions), Most of the adverse drug reactions (66%) were probably preventable. Fatality outcome was reported for 3% of adverse drug reactions while 43% of adverse drug reactions were recovered/resolved.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 31 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
History Matching of Reservoir Simulation Model: a Case Study from the Mishrif Reservoir, Buzurgan Oilfield, Iraq
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In petroleum reservoir engineering, history matching refers to the calibration process in which a reservoir simulation model is validated through matching simulation outputs with the measurement of observed data. A traditional history matching technique is performed manually by engineering in which the most uncertain observed parameters are changed until a satisfactory match is obtained between the generated model and historical information. This study focuses on step by step and trial and error history matching of the Mishrif reservoir to constrain the appropriate simulated model. Up to 1 January 2021, Buzurgan Oilfield, which has eighty-five producers and sixteen injectors and has been under production for 45 years when it started

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The strategy of applying quality indicators to educational outcomes according to market requirements - a fundamental study
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A research study in which a methodology for quality indicators that can be adopted to evaluate the educational process in educational institutions within a specific strategy helps individuals in charge of educational education to make appropriate decisions based on accurate and properly approved plans to achieve successful outcomes.

These indicators can be used to judge the quality of educational institutions in order to improve, improve and develop them. This study has concluded the necessity of putting quality into actual application in order to benefit from it in evaluating the future action of Iraqi educational institutions.

The external changes brought about by technology and family life have made the

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Performance Evaluation of the Investment Projects during the Implementation Phase (Najaf province as a case study)
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The construction project is a very complicated work by its nature and requires specialized knowledge to lead it to success. The construction project is complicated socially, technically and economically in its planning, management and implementation aspects due to the fact that it has many variables and multiple stakeholders in addition to being affected by the surrounding environment. Successful projects depend on three fundamental points which are cost-time, performance and specifications. The project stakeholder's objective to achieve best specifications and the cost-time frame stipulated in the contract.

The question is, was the optimum implementation accomplished? The provision for the success of the project

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
A Study on Using Molasses Production Waste Powder as a Green Adsorbent for Cu (II) Ions from its Aqueous Solution
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This study utilized low-cost agricultural waste (molasses production waste powder) to extract copper ions from aqueous solutions. The present investigation explored a range of factors that influence the adsorption process, including temperature, pH, ionic strength, contact time, quantity of adsorbent, and particle size. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to determine the solution's absorbance both before and after the adsorption procedure. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to match the equilibrium data. The Freundlich model was determined to be the best isotherm model using the linear regression coefficient R2=0.9868. Thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy, were calculate

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Fairness in explaining the provisions of endowments A study to clarify the provisions of endowments according to the views of the Jaafari school of thought compared to the provisions of Iraqi laws.
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In The Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful

It is no secret to everyone that the endowment is an important nucleus for the prosperity of Islamic civilization, especially in the fields of education, health, economy, and defensive military actions that fall within the door of jihad, and so on. Al-Ashraf, Qom Al-Quds, Cairo, and other parts of the Islamic world. What we will see in the research.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The study of the effect of the use of programming in the linear programming model (applied study)
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The parametric programming considered as type of sensitivity analysis. In this research concerning to study the effect of the variations on linear programming model (objective function coefficients and right hand side) on the optimal solution. To determine the parameter (θ) value (-5≤ θ ≤5).Whereas the result، the objective function equal  zero and the decision variables are non basic، when the parameter (θ = -5).The objective function value increases when the parameter (θ= 5) and the decision variables are basic، with the except of X24, X34.Whenever the parameter value increase, the objectiv

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 23 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Some Metal Ions Complexes Derived From Schiff Base Ligand with Anthranillic Acid: Preparation, Spectroscopic and Biological Studies: organic chemistry
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This search includes the preparation of Schiff base ligand (SB) from condensation primary amine with vanillin. The new ligand was diagnosed by spectroscopic methods as Mass, NMR, CHN and FTIR. Ligand complexes were mixed from new (SB) and Anthranillic acid (A) with five metal (II) chlorides. The preparation and diagnosis were conducted by FTIR, CHN, UV-visible, molar conductivity, atomic absorption and magnetic moment. The octahedral geometrical shape of the complexes was proposed. The ligands and their new complexes were screened with two different types of bacteria.

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Publication Date
Thu May 31 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Shape and Location of Vortex Generators Ahead of a Heat Exchanger
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An experimental study is carried out on the effect of vortex generators (Circular and square) on the flow and heat transfer at variable locations at (X = 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 cm) ahead of a heat exchanger with Reynolds number ranging from 62000< Re < 125000 and heat flux from 3000 ≤ q ≤ 8000 W/m2 .

In the experimental investigation, an apparatus is set up to measure the velocity and temperatures around the heat exchanger.                     

The results show that there is an effect for using vortex generators on heat transfer. Also, heat transfer depends on the shape and location. The circular is found t

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicinal And Chemical Sciences
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of New Metal Ion Complexes with Schiff Base (Z)-3((E)-2-Hydroxybenzylidene) Hydrazineylidene) Indolin-2-One
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The study involved preparing a new compound by combining between 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and (Z)-3-hydrazineylideneindolin-2-one resulting in Schiff bases and metal ions: Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) forming stable minerals-based-Schiff complexes. The formation of resulting Schiff bases is detected spectrally using LC-Mss which gave corresponding results with theoretical results, 1H-NMR proves the founding of N=CH signal, FT-IR indicates the occurrence of imine band and UV-VIs mean is proved the ligand formation. On the other hand, minerals-based-Schiff was characterized using the same spectral means that relied with ligand (Schiff bases). Those means gave satisfactory results and proved the suggested distinguishable geometries.

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicinal And Chemical Sciences
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of New Metal Ion Complexes with Schiff Base (Z)-3((E)-2-Hydroxybenzylidene) hydrazineylidene)indolin-2-one
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The study involved preparing a new compound by combining between 2- hydroxybenzaldehyde and (Z)-3-hydrazineylideneindolin-2-one resulting in Schiff bases and metal ions: Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) forming stable minerals-based-Schiff complexes. The formation of resulting Schiff bases is detected spectrally using LC-Mss which gave corresponding results with theoretical results, 1H-NMR proves the founding of N=CH signal, FT-IR indicates the occurrence of imine band and UV-VIs mean is proved the ligand formation. On the other hand, minerals-based-Schiff was characterized using the same spectral means that relied with ligand (Schiff bases). Those means gave satisfactory results and proved the suggested distinguishable geometries

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