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Thymoquinone Attenuates Immune Mediated Liver Injury Induced by Concanavalin A in Mice
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Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease and its incidence has been increasing. The features of hepatitis are the release of inflammatory cytokines, the elevation of AST and ALT, and hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis. Concanavalin A considered as essential model represents the acute immune-mediated liver damage in rodents. Thymoquinone is well known herbal compound that exert hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. In this study, we focus on the immunoregulatory and liver protective effect of thymoquinone in a mouse model of concanavalin A-induced liver injury.

Twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups each containing six animals: Negative control group, concanavalin A model group, thymoquinone 15mg/kg group, and thymoquinone 30mg/kg group. Blood was collected to detect the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) as well as liver tissue for the detection of tumor necrosis factor 

levels, after 8 hours of concanavalin A injection.

Injecting mice with concanavalin resulted in a dramatic increase in serum level of both ALT and AST which indicate severe liver tissue damage with a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines TNF alpha -

and INF  levels, with a notable increase in NF-kB gene expression in mice liver tissue homogenate. Thymoquinone pretreatment revealed a dose-dependent increase in liver tissue protection.

Conclusion: Thymoquinone has hepatoprotective and immune modulatory effects in concanavalin A induced immune mediated liver damage. Thymoquinone exerted its effect through attenuating NF and its downstream effectors TNF  and INF  in a dose dependent manner.

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Information & Communications Technology
Evaluation of DDoS attacks Detection in a New Intrusion Dataset Based on Classification Algorithms
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Intrusion detection system is an imperative role in increasing security and decreasing the harm of the computer security system and information system when using of network. It observes different events in a network or system to decide occurring an intrusion or not and it is used to make strategic decision, security purposes and analyzing directions. This paper describes host based intrusion detection system architecture for DDoS attack, which intelligently detects the intrusion periodically and dynamically by evaluating the intruder group respective to the present node with its neighbors. We analyze a dependable dataset named CICIDS 2017 that contains benign and DDoS attack network flows, which meets certifiable criteria and is ope

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 08 2020
Journal Name
Nursing & Health Sciences
Medication adherence and predictive factors in patients with cardiovascular disease: A cross‐sectional study
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Abstract<p>Adherence to cardiac medications makes a significant contribution to avoidance of morbidity and premature mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. This quantitative study used cross‐sectional survey design to evaluate medication adherence and contributing factors among patients with cardiovascular disease, comparing patients who were admitted to a cardiac ward (<italic>n</italic> = 89) and those attending outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (<italic>n</italic> = 31) in Australia. Data collection was completed between October 2016 and December 2017. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to identify medication adherence and determine factors independently pred</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 25 2018
Journal Name
Biomedical And Pharmacology Journal
Anti CD20 Monoclonal Antibody (Rituximab) as a Rescue Treatment in Severe and Refractory SLE
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with polymorphic expression. B cells have an essential contribution in immune system activation via the production of different cytokines and functioning as potent antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, a drug that particularly targets B cells may represent an ideal therapeutic approach for SLE. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody causing transient B-cell depletion, has been used to manage SLE. This study aims to assess Rituximab effects on lupus nephritis (LN) patients when added to conventional immunosuppressants. Twenty four patients, 15-32 years old, with class III/IV/V LN were involved in this study. All were on steroids before lupus nephritis occurrence. They were

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 29 2022
Journal Name
Sar Journal Of Surgery
Variation of Sphenoid Sinus Pneumatization on CT scan in A Sample of Iraqi Patients
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Background: Computerized tomography scan can show the detailed anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The sphenoid sinus is a very important corridor for the skull base because of its central position. This sinus has a great range of variation and can put structures around at risk during surgery. This study aims to examine the variation of the sphenoid sinus, and its relation to other structures around it, in this sample of Iraqi patients. Materials and Methods: CT scans of 122 patients, were obtained, and submitted for examination and measurements, during the period between September 2020 and September 2021. Observation of The sphenoid sinus pneumatization pattern, clival extension, Onodi cell, and lateral pneumatization of SS.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Narrative narration in the poetry of Mohammed Abdul Muttalib   (Top poem as a model)
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Poets of the age since ancient times to recount the events of their adventures in a fun story style in which the elements of the story of personalities, time and place, and we do not mean this modern art technique (poetic story) as it is now, but was aimed at the pleasures of the other receiving because it is the rule of the quality of literary output, Other times the narrative of events inspired by his broad imagination and this mixing indicates the story's involvement with Arabic poetry to be (poetic story) and this depends entirely on addressing the poet to the recipient, and requires in this narrative to be familiar with the elements of influence and suspense in the other or turned into a monotonous and dull narrative Influential, un

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Dystopian Future: Social Oppression and Religious Extremism in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale
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Many literary research papers have dealt with the work of Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985) as a feminist work. However, nearly few studies combine social oppression with religious extremism. To bridge this gap, the present study aims at exploring the use of totalitarian theocracy of terror to oppress its citizens in the name of religion. In other words, it explicates the way religion is used to brutally suppress and exploit people in general and vulnerable women in particular. To meet this objective, the study adopted the qualitative descriptive method to describe how religion is used as a contradictory controlling means in Gilead discourse. It also adopted the Foucault theory in analyzing the data of the study, illu

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2025
Journal Name
Open Veterinary Journal
Anatomical differences in the biliary duct system between canines and felines: A review article
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The liver is one of the largest glands in the digestive system and performs 13 various functions, including the secretion of hormones and enzymes. The gallbladder serves as a storage reservoir for secretions before they are released into the digestive system through the duodenum. The bile ducts branch from the liver’s lobes and ultimately connect to the digestive system, making this structure significant and distinct among different animal species. This review focuses on the differences between dogs and cats, highlighting the importance of these differences from both health and pathological perspectives. After conducting a detailed scientific review of the biliary tree in dogs and cats, we concluded that cats are more susceptible

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 18 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Interdisciplinary Mathematics
The dynamics of Coronavirus pandemic disease model in the existence of a curfew strategy
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Teaching And Research
A Pragmatic Study of Nonverbal Communication in Johnny Depp Versus Amber Heard’s Public Trial
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Depp and Heard's trial has reaped significant attention due to the domestic violence allegations directed towards each other. This paper sheds light on the repressed narrative beyond the mere words spoken aloud. It delves into an overlooked aspect, i.e., nonverbal communication. Previous studies focused on one or two categories of nonverbal communication. Therefore, the current study investigates the types and sub-types of nonverbal communication exhibited by both rivals within the courtroom setting. To examine the credibility and repressibility of nonverbal communication, the researchers have carefully watched (28) videos representing the whole trial's event. Some nonverbal communication was traced through the whole (28) videos fro

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 15 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
CARTOON SEMIOTIC ABOUT MARCH OF RETURN IN THE PALESTINIAN NEWSPAPERS: : (A Comparative Analytical Study)
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This study aims to reveal the semiotic of “March of Return” cartoon in the Palestinian journalism, topics, Symbols and semantics that were covered.
This study is descriptive. It uses the survey method. Content analysis, and methodological comparison was also used.

The researcher chose an intentional sample of Palestine and Al-Hayat Al-Jadida newspapers for one year from March 30, 2018 to March 31, 2019, through a comprehensive inventory of all cartoons of the return marches during this period, which amounted to 59 cartoons.

The study has reached the following findings:

Newspapers cartoons focused on the topics of durability of the protester

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