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The Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Reducing Drug Related Problems in Hemodialysis Patients
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Abstract

Prescribing drugs to patients to treat ailments or reducing their morbidity may not be enough, even if the drugs were all indicated and in the right dose. Clinical pharmacists play a pivotal role in conducting information and instruction to patients and conveying feedback to treating physician when appropriate, and the final goal is in the interest of the patient.  Identification and classification of drug related problems and discussing them with the health care providers.  Prospective, interventional, clinical study for 180 hemodialysis patients, and was designed as two phases, an observational phase to identify drug related problems and classifying them according to the latest Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification, an interventional phase to increase the awareness of patients and the nephrologists about those problems and proposing a proper solution for each one.  The main drug related problems was related to the effect of drug treatment being not optimal in 58.7%, followed by no effect in 17.8%, and least for unrelated symptoms or indications in 4.8%; causes were inappropriate combination and patients taking less drug than prescribed (both 17.4%), followed by no/or incomplete drug treatment in spite of existing indication in 12.2%, drug without indication in 10.4%. Erythropoietin and calcium were the most frequently drugs with problems. Acceptance and full implementation were observed in 34.3%, while half of the drug related problems had unknown implementation (51.3%). There were significant numbers of drug related problems among Iraqi patients on hemodialysis, the use of erythropoietin, calcium carbonate and sevelamer  was responsible for most of inappropriate combinations. Physicians and clinical pharmacist cooperation was excellent.

Keywords: Drug related problems, Hemodialysis, Clinical pharmacist.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2016
Journal Name
The Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FIELD AND GENETIC FOR SOME SIXTH RADIO GENERATION MUTANTS IN TOMATO
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The study was conducted at the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad " Abu Ghraib" during the growing seasons 2013-2014 to Evaluate the Vegetative growth , yield traits and genetic parameter of some tomato mutants. Results showed significantly increased of plant height in M6-2 mutant 245cm in Comparison with M6- 3 130 cm . M6-4 mutant significantly increasing of floral clusters 13 . Mutant M6-3 showed significantly increasing the average of, fruit weight 125.9g and plant yield 7.17 kg.plant-1 as comparison with M6-2 which showed decreasing of average of fruit weight and plant yield 79.40g and 4.38 kg.plant-1 respectively. Also results showed the highest Genetic variat

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 08 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of en-masse retraction using microimplant versus conventional techniques: An in vitro study
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Background: The study aimed to investigate the effect of different techniques of en masse retraction on the vertical and sagittal position, axial inclination, rate of space closure, and type of movement of maxillary central incisor. Materials and methods: A typodont simulation system was used (CL II division 2 malocclusion). Three groups were used group 1(N=10, T-loop), group 2(N=10, Time-Saving loop), and group 3(N=10, Microimplant). Photographs were taken before and after retraction and measurements were made using Autodesk AutoCAD© software 2010. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analyses of variance and Mann-Whitney U test (p?0.05) were used. Results: The rate of space closure showed no significant difference among the three groups (p?0.05), whi

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The International Conference On Research Advances In Engineering And Technology - Itechcet 2022
Suitability of Iraqi legal system for building operation transfer contract in infrastructure construction projects
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 05 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Molecular Docking Studies of Human Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme RAD6: A Systematic in Silico Approach
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This study confirms the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 2B (Rad6) plays a significant role in the DNA repair pathway also because the ubiquitin-conjugating pathway. The DNA repair pathway could be a variety of bypass repair mechanism where the broken base pair is bypassed by permitting the replication fork to labor under the site of injury. This is often done by a shift mechanism wherever deoxyribonucleic acid enzyme - δ is switched with DNA enzyme - η (DNAP - η). Site of DNAP - η is massive enough to permit the broken ester to labor under, and so bypass the broken nucleotide. However, this is often potential solely through the involvement of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) that could be a processivity issue and it acts as a plat

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Historical origins of Hellenistic architecture in ancient North African civilizations: رويدة فيصل موسى النواب
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Hellenistic architecture represents an important example of the reflection of ancient Greek architecture in the art of oriental architecture in the countries of the ancient world, including those states spread across North Africa that were under the authority of the Ptolemies and who were able to transmit those artistic values and traditions of Greek architecture to those regions. The current research deals with a detailed study of those important transformations of civil and religious architecture, as well as the most important features of that architecture through the constituents of location and geographical location.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 17 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Applications
Analysis of Wind Speed Data and Annual Energy Potential at Three locations in Iraq
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Teaching And Research
A Pragmatic Study of Nonverbal Communication in Johnny Depp Versus Amber Heard’s Public Trial
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Depp and Heard's trial has reaped significant attention due to the domestic violence allegations directed towards each other. This paper sheds light on the repressed narrative beyond the mere words spoken aloud. It delves into an overlooked aspect, i.e., nonverbal communication. Previous studies focused on one or two categories of nonverbal communication. Therefore, the current study investigates the types and sub-types of nonverbal communication exhibited by both rivals within the courtroom setting. To examine the credibility and repressibility of nonverbal communication, the researchers have carefully watched (28) videos representing the whole trial's event. Some nonverbal communication was traced through the whole (28) videos fro

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Psychological Pollution among Jordanian Unemployed Faculty of Education Graduates in Public and Private Universities
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the level of psychological pollution among Jordanian unemployed faculty of education graduates in public and private universities. The sample of the study consisted of (413) Jordanian male and female unemployed faculty of education graduates in 2017. The researcher administrated the psychological pollution scale on the sample of the study, consisting in the final format of (37) items distributing on (4) domains. Validity and reliability for the scale were obtained. The results of the study indicated that level of psychological pollution among Jordanian unemployed faculty of education graduates in public and private universities was high (M=3.48, SD=0.83). The results

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 11 2014
Journal Name
Pakistan Journal Of Biological Sciences
Effects of Local Curcumin on Oxidative Stress and Total Antioxidant Capacity in vivo Study
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Conference: 4th International Conference On Innovative Studies Of Contemporary Sciences
An anatomical and chemical comparison study of Epipremnum aureum cultivated in soil and soilless
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The present study took up the different ways to cultivate the species Epipremnum aureum by two habitat water and soil and comber the anatomical features of the root, stem, and leaf. The results showed amazing significant anatomical features to the ecosystem. The root and stem anatomy showing decrease in all characters that studied but the leaf anatomy showing increase of palisade, spongy tissue thickness, midrib thickness, number of vessels in the xylem also the long and width of stomata of the soilless plants than soil ones. The upper epidermis empty from the stomata for the two treatment and the stoma diffuse in the lower epidermis, the type of it paracytic type. Also the total of flavonoids in the plant that were growth in soil reached 1

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