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Evaluating of Different Types of Agricultural Nozzles Locally Used in Iraq
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The experiment aimed to Manufacture a device for checking the nozzles and testing its efficiency and to study the effect of research factors on the studied traits. The device was manufactured locally through using materials available in the Iraqi market. The system is Both Hydraulic and electronic (ISO 5682-1)1 relay on sensors technology and the test platform was built and designed on a movable trolly at the department of Agricultural Machines and Equipment / College of Agricultural Science / University of Baghdad. The design includes the use of mechanical water pump and electrical AC water pump. The design includes a nozzle holder that can accommodate three nozzles per test. The design also consists of spreading wings and stationary wing that can accommodate 50 vessels and 50 ultra-sonic sensors. All that is controlled by a main control unit which consists of three branch modules (each one of them is responsible to collect and analyze data from several sensors on each of the wings. The idea behind the design is to merge between actual spraying and the use of electronic sensors to analyze the size of the sprayed liquid in each of the vessels, the concept of the design is based upon Volumetric distribution of the liquid. The concept of the device was based on using ultra sonic sensors to measure the volumetric distribution of liquids. The experiment aimed to determine the effects of these factors on flow rate, spraying angle, sprayed area, spraying swath, volumetric distribution (CV), and symmetry. The experiment was conducted at the college of Agricultural science, Baghdad University. The results showed that the spraying pressure had a non-significant effect on flow rate. However, increasing the pressure from 3.0 to 5.0 and then to 7.0 bar resulted in flow rates of 1.314, 1.286, and 1.36 l/m, respectively. The status of the nozzle (new or worn) did not significantly affect the flow rate, with new nozzles registering a slightly higher flow rate of 1.327 l/m compared to worn nozzles (1.312 l/m). On the other hand, the type of nozzle had a significant impact on flow rate, with plastic, brass, and steel nozzles registering flow rates of 1.243, 1.422, and 1.29 l/m, respectively. Regarding the spraying angle, the results indicated that the spraying pressure had a significant effect. Increasing the pressure from 3.0 to 5.0 and then to 7.0 bar resulted in spraying angles of 132, 132, and 136 degrees, respectively. The nozzle status significantly affected the spraying angle, with worn nozzles resulting in a higher angle of 137 degrees compared to new nozzles (130 degrees). However, the type of nozzle did not significantly affect the spraying angle. For the sprayed area, the spraying pressure had a significant effect, with higher pressures resulting in larger sprayed areas. Worn nozzles also significantly increased the sprayed area compared to new nozzles. The type of nozzle had a significant impact on the sprayed area, with plastic, brass, and steel nozzles resulting in areas of 70.4, 80.44, and 89.16 cm2, respectively. The experiment proved that nozzles must be tested periodically, otherwise they start to perform beyond the parameters they were designed to perform with.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Effect of Heterogeneity on Capillary Pressure and Relative Permeability Curves in Carbonate Reservoirs. A Case Study for Mishrif Formation in West Qurna/1 Oilfield, Iraq
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The special core analysis tests were accomplished on a set of core plugs for Mishrif Formation (mA, mB1, and mB2cde/mC units) in West Qurna/1 oilfield, southern Iraq. Oil relative permeability (Kro) data and the Corey-type fit of the data as functions of the brine saturation at the core outlet face for individual samples in the water-oil imbibition process to estimate relative permeability measurements by the centrifuge method were utilized. Identical correlations for oil and water relative permeabilities were extracted by steady-state and unsteady-state methods. For the mA samples, the gas-water capillary pressure curves were within a narrow range (almost identical) indicating that mA is a homogeneous unit. Kro curves for three mB2

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Extent of the Commitment with Accounting Disclosure for Contingent Assets, Liabilities and Provisions in the Shareholding Companies Listed in Iraq Stock Exchange Analytical Entrance
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Accounting changes have taken place in either the local or international level has led to more disclosure from companies, and that many of the economic units in order to attract investors to negotiate on its shares price in the stock market require amendments with respect to the information disclosed, Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze whether companies were research sample disclose contingent assets and liabilities and provisions in their annual financial reports with what brought him International Accounting Standards. It has been used descriptive analysis of annual financial reports for a sample of (50) listed company on the Iraq Stock Exchange were identified companies that disclose contingent assets and liabi

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs1042522 and rs1642785 in the TP53 gene and Acute Myeloid leukemia in a sample of the Baghdad/ Iraq population
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents the most prevalent type of acute leukemia in adults and is responsible for approximately 80% of all cases. The tumor suppressor gene (TP53) is a gene that has been frequently studied in cancer, and mutations in this gene account for about 50% of human cancers. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene: rs1042522 and rs1642785, and a group of Iraqi patients suffering from pre-diagnostic acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Blood samples were collected from sixty patients (26 males and 34 females) and sixty controls (26 males and 34 females); these subjects were matched in gender, age, and ethnicity. Genomic DNA has been extracted fro

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 20 2021
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
REDESCRIPTION OF SCORPIO KRUGLOVI (BIRULA, 1910) (SCORPIONES, SCORPIONIDAE) FROM THI QAR PROVINCE, SOUTH OF IRAQ
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Information on the scorpions' fauna of Iraq is limited especially in Thi Qar Province. The scorpion specimens of the present study were collected from the desert area which is located between the provinces of Thi Qar and Al-Muthana (Al-Kata'a region). The Scorpio kruglovi (Birula, 1910) redescribed in this study was found in this area. The diagnostic characters are given and the important features are figured.

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Performance of Solar-Assisted Air Conditioning System under Iraq Climate
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In Iraq most of the small buildings deployed a conventional air conditioning technology which typically uses electrically driven compressor systems which exhibits several clear disadvantages such as high energy consumption, high electricity at peak loads. In this work a thermal performance of air conditioning system combined with a solar collector is investigated theoretically. The hybrid air conditioner consists of a semi hermetic compressor, water cooled shell and tube condenser, thermal expansion valve and coil with tank evaporator. The theoretical analysis included a simulation for the solar assisted air-conditioning system using EES software to analyze the effect of different parameters on the power consumption of c

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 23 2025
Journal Name
Al-mustansiriyah Journal Of Science
Epidemiological Study to Investigate a Possible Vector of Visceral Leishmaniasisin the Central Region of Iraq
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An epidemiological study in Al-Mahmmodiya (50 km south Baghdad) to investigate a possible vector of Leishmaniasis were applied .This region is considered as a foci of Leishmaniasisaccording to the health association statistics. CDC light traps were used to collect the insects nightly. Insects were collected by Indoor application as human dwellings and animal shelters and Outdoor application as rodent's barrows and field trees. Sand flies were transported to the laboratory, isolated and identified according to the identification keys in Tropical Biological Researches Unit at the Collage of Science / University of Baghdad. Must of the collected sand flies were belonging to three species PhlebotomuspapatasiScopoli(45%), PhlebotomusalexandriSin

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Inauguration of Faisal Bin Al -husain as Iraq King (A Study of British Documents)
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Husain as a king of Iraq.
This paper deals with the British communication with faisel . then Winston Churchill's speech in British common house .then fodlowed by arriving faisal to Iraq after that the referend um faisel .
The his claims of British maneuver lastly coronation on faisal & his inauguration as a king of Iraq.

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2008
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
KEYS FOR IDENTIFICATION FOR GENERA AND SPECIES OF THRIPS (THYSANOPTERA : THRIPIDAE) FROM MIDDLE OF IRAQ
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Keys for 22 species representing ten genera Thripidae collection carried out during 1999-2001 in different localities in the middle of Iraq. Of them four species are described as new to science, Frankliniella megacephala sp. nov; Retithrips bagdadensis sp. nov; Chirothrips imperatus sp. nov; Taeniothrips tigridis sp. nov; Another thirteen species are recorded for the first time in Iraq; Thrips meridionalis (Pri.); Microcephalothrips abdominils (Crawford); Scolothrips pallidus (Beach); Scritothrips mangiferae Pri.; Frankliniella tritici Bagnall; Frankliniella schultzie Trybom; Frankliniella unicolor Morgan; Retithrips aegypticus Mar

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 03 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Polymorphism study of MTHFR 677C?T and its correlation with oxidative stress and their influence on female infertility in Erbil – Iraq
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This research includes a study of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene’s allele 677C?T and its correlation with oxidative stress and their impact on female infertility. Fifty infertile women with the range age (23-42) years and twenty five fertile women with the range age (22-39) years as control group living in Erbil city were selected. The serum level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), prolactin hormone (PRL), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Triiodothyronine hormone (T3), and Thyroxine hormone (T4) were measured, also a body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A restriction enzyme (Hinf1) was used to improve the mutation in DNA bands of infertile women. The results showed significant inc

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Financial Variables and Their Effects on The Development of Bank Credit and Productive Sectors in Iraq Using a Path Analysis Model
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This study aims to measure and analyze the direct and indirect effects of the financial variables, namely (public spending, public revenues, internal debt, and external debt), on the non-oil productive sectors with and without bank credit as an intermediate variable, using quarterly data for the period (2004Q1–2021Q4), converted using Eviews 12. To measure the objective of the study, the path analysis method was used using IBM SPSS-AMOS. The study concluded that the direct and indirect effects of financial variables have a weak role in directing bank credit towards the productive sectors in Iraq, which amounted to (0.18), as a result of market risks or unstable expectations in the economy. In addition to the weak credit ratings of borr

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