In this research, the study effect of irradiation on structural and optical properties of thin film (CdO) by spray pyrolysis method, which deposited on glasses substrates at a thickness of (350±20)nm , The flow rate of solution was 5 ml/min and the substrate temperature was held constant at 400˚C.The investigation of (XRD) indicates that the (CdO) films are polycrystalline and type of cubic. The results of the measuring of each sample from grain size, micro strain, dislocation density and number of crystals the grain size decreasing after irradiation with gamma ray from(27.41, 26.29 ,23.63)nm . The absorbance and transmittance spectra have been recorded in the wavelength range (300-1100) nm in order to study the optical properties. the optical band gap for (CdO) decreasing after irradiation with gamma ray from(2.4, 2.35, 2.25)eV with increasing time irradiated, while extinction coefficient, refraction index,the optical conductivity increase after irradiated with gamma ray with increase irradiation time . Cs137 is used to obtain Gamma ray with energy( 662)KeV, activity( 4.3)ci , the irradiation time (1-3)week
The field of climatic geography focuses on the study of the Earth's surrounding atmosphere, particularly the lower (surface) part close to the Earth's surface. This field examines the interactions within the atmosphere resulting from the solar radiation that reaches the Earth and the subsequent distribution of atmospheric pressure. Consequently, certain surface pressure systems, both high and low, emerge and vary in their temporal and spatial impacts on the climate of the Arabian Peninsula. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive and detailed study to understand the causes, development, movement, geographical distribution, and monthly and seasonal recurrence of these pressure systems. For this purpose, a minor climatic
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The transition structure is considered as the most important hydraulic structure controlling the w/s transtion, morever it decrease the scouring of outlet structure.
seven experiment samples for transition structure was used in this research at different angles ( 10° - 90° ).
It was shown that froud number has a clear effect on the depth of the scouring, morever the high discharge rates cause an increase of the ratio between the length of the scour and its depth.
In order to select the best flaring angle it was shown that the angle of 40° has the most discharge rate, least structure length and least angle scour depth, with the firmly of t
... Show MoreThe study aimed to know the effect of the use alcoholic ethanol extraction of Boswellia Carterii In prolonging the period of preservation cooled ground meat in 4C for 6 days, it has been mixing ground meat with 150,300,450 mg/ml of alcoholic extract Consecutive, Where (0 was the control sample), All samples were stored separately for 0 , 3 , 6 days in Refrigerator temperature 4 C, Conducted by some microbial tests, Results have shown that mixing the ground meat with Boswellia Carterii extraction Led to prolong the storage of meat for 6 days at 4 C .and the Best result came when adding alcoholic ethanol extract of Boswellia Carterii by 450mg/ml Which Equal 0.9 g ,that reducing microbial load more higher than 150&300 mg/ml. All of thes
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The settlement rate and pore water pressure dissipation rate are mainly controlled by the permeability of soil. Both laboratory and field tests show that the permeability is varied during the loading and consolidation process. It is known that consolidation process is accompanied by decrease in void ratio which leads to decrease in the coefficient of permeability. The importance of the decrease of the coefficient of permeability on the time rate of settlement and pore water pressure needs to be investigated.
This paper takes into account the change in coefficient of permeability during consolidation and studies its effect on consolidation characteristics of a clay layer. The finite element method is used in the analysis and the packag
During the study the current selection seven stations in the Zab River bottom and the Tigris River took samples a month to study the signs of bacterial contamination study coliform and colon fecal Almsobhaat and Almsobhaat Bazah and the total number of bacteria and bacterial gangrene gas causing Knkeran as well as a study to isolate and diagnose some races and types of bacterial pathogens in water or intensityusing the traditional system and the system of intestinal bacteria
Polish Academy of Sciences
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The building of the Babylonian theater is considered as one of the distinctive buildings where its foundations have remained steadfast in the face of geographical changes, social's erosion and groundwater that threatened almost all traces of Babylon despite the destruction of the outer structure of the building. The general directorate of antiques performed prospection for those foundations (the ground map), and then the building was completed by new bricks over the original scheme. It became clear when examining the building; its components and foundations, that the building is unique in comparison with the old buildings of the world throughout Iraq. There are similar buildings in other places like Jordan and North Africa such as