Endophytic fungi live inside plants or any part of them without creating any visible pathogenic signs. Endophytic fungi are found within medicinal plants and have shown strong biologic activity, such as anticancer and antioxidant activities, as well as producing extracellular enzymes. In this study, different fungal strains were isolated from the leaves of the medicinal plant Ziziphus spina, including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., and Mucor sp. Extracellular enzymes have been quantified using agar plate-based methods in which fungi were grown in specified growth media to detect the enzymes produced. The results showed that A. niger has the highest ability to produce amylase, Cladosporium sp. has the highest ability to produce protease and pectinase, Rhizopus and Mucor sp. have the highest ability to produce cellulase, and A. niger and Cladosporium sp. have the same ability to produce lipase and laccase. The ability of medicinal plant endophytic fungi to produce extracellular enzymes has great therapeutic potential in clinical microbiology. Some of the isolates showed great activity in secreting particular enzymes, indicating that the enzymes of these fungi could be used in a variety of applications.
Background: A great dental and biomedical interest had been paid to silver nanoparticles because of their antimicrobial activity. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of a newly developed Nano-silver fluoride that was synthesized from moringa oleifera leaf extract against S. mutants. Material and method: The green synthesis method was used to prepare Nano-silver fluoride from moringa oleifera leaf extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration were evaluated using brain heart infusion plates, while the cytotoxicity was evaluated by the hemolytic activity. Results: Nano-silver fluoride had a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect (MIC was 60 ppm and MBC was 120 pp
... Show Moreالصيغة العامة للمعقدات الجديدة [M2(BDS)Cl4] الناتجة من تفاعل الليكاند الجديد] ن1,ن4-ثنائي(1أ –بنزو]د[ اميدازول-2-يل)-ن1,ن4-ثنائي(4-ثنائي مثيل امينو) بنزيل) سكسنمايد[ (BDS) مع الايونات الفلزية الكادميوم, الكوبلت, الزئبق, النحاس والنيكل. تم اشتقاق هذا الليكاند من تفاعل المواد الثلاث 4-(ثنائي ميثيل أمينو) بنزالدهيد، 2-أمينو بنزيميدازول، وكلوريد السكسينيل. تم تشخيص المركبات باستخدام مطيافية طيف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وطيف الرن
... Show MoreVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) from uninfested and infested broccoli plant samples with green peach aphid
n this study new derivatives of Schiff bases (5-10) were synthesized from the new starting material 1 . Which has been synthesized by the reaction of (1 mol.) of dichloroacetic acid with two moles of morpholine, in the presence of potassium hydroxide, Ester derivatives 2 and 3 were synthesized by the reaction of 1 with methanol or ethanol respectively in the presence of sulphuric acid as catalyst . Compound 2 was also prepared from dimethylsulphate with high yield , 2 and 3 was used to synthesized 2,2-dimorpholinylacetohydrazide 4 via reaction with NH2NH2.H2O 80% .Imines (5-10) were synthesized via the reaction of 4 with appropriate aromatic aldehydes in the presence of G.A.A as a catalyst . Derivatives compounds (1-10) were identifie
... Show MorePharmaceuticals have been widely remaining contaminants in wastewater, and diclofenac is the most common pharmaceutical pollutant. Therefore, the removal of diclofenac from aqueous solutions using activated carbon produced by pyrocarbonic acid and microwaves was investigated in this research. Apricot seed powder and pyrophosphoric acid (45 wt%) were selected as raw material and activator respectively, and microwave irradiation technique was used to prepare the activated carbon. The raw material was impregnated in pyrophosphoric acid at 80◦C with an impregnation ratio of 1: 3 (apricot seeds to phosphoric acid), the impregnation time was 4 h, whereas the power of the microwave was 700 watts with a radiation time of 20 min. A series o
... Show MoreThis research investigates manganese (Mn) extraction from Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag (EAFS) by using the Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. The chemical analysis was done on the slag using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. This work consisted of two parts: the first was an extensive study of the effect of variables that can affect the leaching process rate for Mn element from slag (reaction time, nitric acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, and stirring speed), and the second part evaluates the extraction of Mn element from leached solution. The results showed the possibility of leaching 83.5 % of Mn element from the slag at a temperature of 25°C, nitric acid co
... Show MoreAbstract
The study aims to identify the reality of knowledge management in decision-making in academic departments from the point of view of faculty members at Blonde University. It also aims to propose mechanisms and suggestions to improve decision-making in the academic departments of the university in light of the management of knowledge. To achieve the objectives of the study, a descriptive method was used, in which a questionnaire consisted of (40) items administered to (137) participants of the faculty members. The results of the study indicated that the reality of the application of knowledge management in the decision-making process showed a high score mean. There are no statistically significant d
... Show MoreFirst: the definition searchEnsure the definition Introduction of research and its importance, as it was addressed to the importance of the importance of training in the development of people and institutions and the importance of diversifying the training vocabulary and a lot of relevant courses for its role to develop work and get away from the routine work, and was put up for the importance of research to identify the problems and obstacles facing the process of providing training as the best in order to access to the ambition sought by workers on training and even the trainees while defined research problem that was observed weak performance and cost-effective training through the study of some of the questionnaires distributed
... Show MoreThis research is aimed at identifying the communicative habits and the impact of the content on the communicative process, especially the youth audience, which is one of the most important categories to which the advertisement is directed, as young people face life with passion and aspiration that make then responsive to all the influences used by the media in designing advertisements which use all the techniques and methocls to attract young people, such as relying on drama , artistic tricks, musical phrases and advertising slogans that respond to the desire of young people in entertainment.
The research aims to identify the reflection of television advertising and its impact on the development of the cognitive abilities of universi