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Extracellular Enzyme of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Ziziphus spina Leaves as Medicinal Plant
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Endophytic fungi live inside plants or any part of them without creating any visible pathogenic signs. Endophytic fungi are found within medicinal plants and have shown strong biologic activity, such as anticancer and antioxidant activities, as well as producing extracellular enzymes. In this study, different fungal strains were isolated from the leaves of the medicinal plant Ziziphus spina, including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., and Mucor sp. Extracellular enzymes have been quantified using agar plate-based methods in which fungi were grown in specified growth media to detect the enzymes produced. The results showed that A. niger has the highest ability to produce amylase, Cladosporium sp. has the highest ability to produce protease and pectinase, Rhizopus and Mucor sp. have the highest ability to produce cellulase, and A. niger and Cladosporium sp. have the same ability to produce lipase and laccase. The ability of medicinal plant endophytic fungi to produce extracellular enzymes has great therapeutic potential in clinical microbiology. Some of the isolates showed great activity in secreting particular enzymes, indicating that the enzymes of these fungi could be used in a variety of applications.

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The role of the woman in protecting children from wrong behavioral deviations
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Wrong behavioral deviations among youth witnessed an obvious growing, some of these deviations are, robbery, drug and internet addiction, and smoking. Additionally, intellectual extremism and the disrespect of the traditions and genuine customs, In light of this issue, the research aims to shed light on the educational and preventative role of the woman in protecting and immunizing children from the wrong behavioral deviations. The woman has a significant and influential role in the society in general and in her family, in particular to the responsibility lies on her. The research shed light on the manifestations of behavioral deviation in children and the mechanisms of prevention and treatment. The research concluded with a set of recom

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Evaluating Supervision’s Performance of Specialist Supervisors in Secondary Schools from Principals’ Perspectives
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The objective of the research is to identify the level of supervisory performance of the educational supervisor from the point of view of headmasters at secondary schools. The problem was the need to evaluate performance. A sample of (97) school headmasters was chosen to collect the needed data, they proportionated (38%) of the total community. the researcher designed a questionnaire consisted of (43) paragraphs with five areas. The results showed that there is a good level of performance among supervisors; there are no significant differences in the variable of the certificate, while there were significant differences in terms of gender for the benefit of males. The research concluded with a number of recommendations and suggestions.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 30 2001
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal of Phenol from Water and Wastewater by Chemical Precipitation with Lime
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon from Al-Daura Refinery Wastewater by Rhizobacteria
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Due to the deliberate disposal of industrial waste, a great amount of petroleum hydrocarbons pollute the soil and aquatic environments. Bioremediation that depends on the microorganisms in the removal of pollutants is more efficient and cost-effective technology. In this study, five rhizobacteria were isolated from Phragmites australis roots and exposed to real wastewater from Al-Daura refinery with 70 mg/L total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration. The five selected rhizobacteria were examined in a biodegradation test for seven days to remove TPH. The results showed that 80% TPH degradation as the maximum value by Sphingomonas Paucimobilis as identified with Vitek® 2 Compact (France).

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2025
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Synthetic Wastewater Using Iraqi Natural Plants
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Abstract<p>Water contamination by industrial dyes presents significant environmental and health concerns worldwide. In this research, the efficacy of utilising polypogon monspeliensis (locally known as Skekh EsmAllah (Sh.E)) as a natural adsorbent for the elimination of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from synthetic wastewater is explored. The X-ray diffraction test elucidate that the material is a multi-phase structure. Various operational factors, comprising pH, contact time, isoelectric point, adsorbent dose, dye concentration, and temperature, are used to analyse the adsorption process systematically. The results reveal that Sh.E. has exhibited remarkable removal efficiency and adsorption capacity c</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 25 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Determination and Isolation of Valuable Bioactive Compound (lupeol) from Portulacaria afra Jacq.
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Portulacaria afra is a small succulent tree, previously belonging to the Portulacaceae family, but with further studies, the plant transferred to the Didieracea family. P. afra was used as an ornamental, vegetable, and ethnomedicinal plant. Uses of the plant by rural South Africans to treat chronic skin conditions and rashes, alleviate exhaustion, and aid in treating TB and diarrhea have been documented in folklore. According to pharmaceutical research, plant extracts off er a wide range of remedial outcomes, such as antidiabetic, antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-infl ammatory. The study aims to determine some bioactive constituents responsible for pharmacological activities and traditional usefulness. Th

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Recovery of Aluminum from Industrial Waste (Slag) by Melting and Electrorefining Processes
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Slag of aluminum is a residue which results during the melting process of primary and secondary aluminum production. Salt slag of aluminum is hazardous solid waste according to the European Catalogue for Hazardous Wastes. Hence, recovery of aluminum not only saves the environment, but also has advantages of financial and economic returns. In this research, aluminum was recovered and purified from the industrial wastes generated as waste from both of State Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries (Baghdad/AlWaziriya) and General Company for Mechanical Industries (Babylon/-Al-Escandria). It was found that these wastes contain tiny proportions of other elements such as iron, copper, nickel, titanium, lead, and potassium. Wastes were

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Assessment of Traditional Asphalt Mixture Performance Using Natural Asphalt from Sulfur Springs
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This research utilized natural asphalt (NA) deposits from sulfur springs in western Iraq. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of an asphalt mixture incorporating NA and verify its suitability for local pavement applications. To achieve this, a combination of two types of NA, namely soft SNA and hard HNA, was blended to create a binder known as Type HSNA. The resulting HSNA exhibited a penetration grade that adhered to Iraqi specifications. Various percentages of NA (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) were added to petroleum asphalt. The findings revealed enhanced physical properties of HSNA, which also satisfied the requirements outlined in the Iraqi specifications for asphalt cement.

Consequently, HS

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2022
Journal Name
Cogent Arts &humanities
A corpus-based stylistic analysis of online suicide notes retrieved from Reddit
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Materials Today: Proceedings
Hydrogel materials as absorber for improving water evaporation with solar still, desalination and wastewater treatment
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Water has been acknowledged as one of the key issues of humanity in modern society and worldwide economic advancements, especially with the continuing reductions in fresh-water supply. Solar energy, which is abundant as well as widely available in various fields, has the potential to solve the global challenges of long-term freshwater and energy reduction. Researchers are attempting to address the problem in a variety of methods. Due to the fact that solar energy is the foundation for freshwater, several researches have applied it for improving the effectiveness of solar desalination, evaporation, and wastewater treatment. One of the novel methods used for achieving this is known as “hydrogel,” which comes in a variety of forms. As a un

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