Assessment of microbial contamination levels of water in hemodialysis centers in Baghdad, Iraq
Four hemodialysis centers were assessed by measuring the bacteriological and endotoxins levels of their feed and product water. Product water showed elevated levels of bacteria that exceeded the international guideline value of 100 CFU/ml. Most of the identified bacterial species were Gram‐negative that arise the possibility of contributing to endotoxin generation. Product water showed fluctuated values of endotoxins. About 44% of the measured samples were higher than the international guideline values of 0.25 EU/ml.
