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The Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukins with Disease Severity or Response to Biological Therapy in Iraqi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Narrative Review
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Background: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins play important roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Genetic research has been employed to find many of the missing connections between genetic risk variations and causal genetic components. Objective: The goal of this study is to look at the genetic variations of TNF-α and interleukins in Iraqi RA patients and see how they relate to disease severity or response to biological therapy. Method: Using specific keywords, the authors conducted a systematic and comprehensive search to identify relevant Iraqi studies examining the genetic variations of TNF-α and interleukins in Iraqi RA patients and how they relate to disease severity or response to biological therapy. Results: Thirteen studies have looked at TNF-α and interleukin genetic polymorphisms in Iraqi RA patients. Only the IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 receptor gene polymorphisms were explored for interleukins; however, the results of studies indicate no association between genetic polymorphism and the severity of RA. Very few researchers examine the correlation between genetic variation and TNF-α inhibitor responsiveness. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the genetic variations of the TNF-α promoter. The -308 G/A region in the promotor region was the most studied location.

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 24 2024
Journal Name
مداد الآداب
Navigating the Evolving Tourism Landscape: Examining the Challenges and Opportunities for TripAdvisor and Travelocity in the Era of AI:A Comparative Analysis of Innovation Strategies
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The tourism industry has undergone exponential transformation, reshaped by online travel agencies (OTAs), shifting consumer preferences, and technological advancements. Established OTAs like TripAdvisor and Travelocity face pressures to adapt their strategies to capitalize on these disruptive landscape changes. This research involves a comparative analysis examining the key challenges confronting TripAdvisor and Travelocity, with a focus on opportunities to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing personalization and the traveler experience. The study utilizes publicly available data on the companies and academic literature on AI innovation diffusion. Findings reveal that while TripAdvisor has actively developed AI-based trip plan

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Precision of pachymetric measurements with Scheimpflug –Placido disc cornealTopography and comparison of these measurements with ultrasonic pachymetry
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Back ground: Several devices with different physical bases have been developed for the clinical measurement of corneal thickness, they classified into 4 categories: Scheimpflug photography based, Slit –Scanning topography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) based and ultrasound (US) based.Objective:To evaluatethe precision of the new Scheimpflug –Placido disc corneal topography in measurement of corneal thickness and to compare the measured values with that obtained by US pachymetry.Methods: Setting of this study is Lasik center in Eye Specialty Private Hospital. Baghdad. Iraq.Eyes of healthy subjects were examined with the Sirius topography.3 consecutive measurements of central (CCT)and thinnest (TCT) corneal thicknesses were obtain

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The sense of coherence among individuals with physical disabilities
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            The aim of the current research is to measure the sense of coherence among individuals with physical disabilities. The researcher adopted a scale of (29) paragraphs spread over three domains designed by Antonovski (1993) to measure the sense of coherence. A sample of (210) disabled individuals was chosen randomly to collect the required data. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The result showed a lack of sense of coherence among the sample.

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
the effect of soil texture with limited saltiness concentration
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Found through the study of tissues Alnbarh and domestic focus where a direct impact on the development of the larvae mature into pupae and then to adults appeared to clay soils have a negative impact more than sandy soil at different concentrations salt where as it turns out that the percentage of evolution fly larvae worm Lhalzonnih of the ancient worldadult to have reached more than 80%

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
2012 Ieee-embs Conference On Biomedical Engineering And Sciences
Compatibility of mother wavelet functions with the electroencephalographic signal
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 28 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The impact of the US military variable in reality Security in the Arab Gulf region after 2003
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The military presence in the Gulf region after the British withdrawal from it in 1971 was one of the most important pillars of the American strategy to climb the ladder of global leadership, as the geostrategic features that the region enjoyed provided factors of controlling energy sources and global trade routes. The United States of America guarantees Western Europe and Japan the process of access to energy sources and the exclusion of its opponents from the region, especially the Soviet Union, and the growing American military presence in the Gulf after the invasion of Iraq in 2003. On the other hand, the region experiences many contradictions, some of which threaten its security, such as the exacerbation of disputes between its count

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 23 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Babylon Center For Humanities Studies
The reflection of the Arab character in Israeli children's literature in the years 1990 - 2015
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of knowledge Management Processes in the Tax Performance: AnApplied Research in the General Tax Authority
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The research aims to measure the relationship and impact of the operations of the knowledge of management of the six dimensions (diagnosis knowledge, define knowledge objectives, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, distribution of knowledge, application of knowledge) in the fiscal performance of the General Authority for taxes of the four dimensions (financial, customers (taxpayers), Operations Interior, learn and grow), the research aims also to the use of computerized programs for training and career development of the Authority that helps to add knowledge workers in the Authority, and to reach an appropriate arrangement for knowledge management processes in the Authority, as well as analysis of the reality of the Authority to get

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Effect of Spraying With Organic Sulfur and Hydrogen Peroxide on The Growth and Yield of Red Local Onions Allium Cepa L.
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Abstract<p>The study was conducted in the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping/College of Agriculture/University of Al-Qadisiyah/Al-Nouriah district - for the 2019-2020 agricultural season to study the effect of spraying with organic sulfur and hydrogen peroxide on the growth and yield of onions, Allium cepa L, where the study included two factors: the first factor was spraying organic sulfur at concentration (0, 2)., 4 ml. L-1) and symbol S1, S2, S3 and the second factor spraying with hydrogen peroxide at a concentration (0, 2, 4 ml. L-1) and symbolized by B1, B2, B3 and the interaction between them. A factorial experiment was conducted according to the randomized complete b</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Phonological Study of English and Arabic Assimilation : A Contrastive Study
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        Assimilation is defined ,by many phoneticians like  Schane ,Roach ,and many others, as a phonological process when there is a change of one sound into another because of  neighboring sounds.This study investigates the  phoneme assimilation as a phonological process in English and Arabic  and it is concerned specifically with the differences and similarities in both languages.   Actually ,this study reflects the different terms which are used  in Arabic to refer to this phenomenon and in this way it  shows whether the term 'assimilation ' can have the same meaning of  'idgham' in Arabic or not . Besides, in Arabic , this phenomenon is discussed from&nb

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